Summary Of "The Experimental Method And Philosophy Of Physics" By Robert Blanché: UNIVERSITY SUMMARIES

By MAURICIO ENRIQUE FAU

We have summarized here the essential of this book by the author.

THE EXPERIMENTAL METHOD AND PHILOSOPHY OF PHYSICS

Introduction

SINCE THE RENAISSANCE, THE USE OF THE EXPERIMENTAL METHOD WAS CHARACTERISTIC OF SCIENCE. The changes that have occurred in modern science are related to a profound transformation in the way of looking at and questioning nature.
THE GREEKS DID NOT USE THE EXPERIMENTAL METHOD. Certain philosophical systems (such as Pythagoras's and Plato's) tended towards mathematization. Others (such as Aristotle and the Stoics) were interested in nature, but despised mathematics.
Despite this, the ancients knew how to make precise observations (their astronomy proves this). His system of nature takes into account the diversity of the empirical and is in accordance with naive experience.
IN THE MIDDLE AGES, SCIENTISTS INTERPRETED NATURE ACCORDING TO ARISTOTLE'S BOOKS. The criticism that the Aristotelians directed against Galileo's innovations focused on the use of mathematical abstraction, for not taking into account the richness of sensory experience. For the medievals, there was a radical separation between mathematics (dealing with ideal entities) and physics (dealing with real entities).

• Language: English
• Publisher: BOOKS AND SUMMARIES BY MAURICIO FAU
• Release date: Feb 11, 2022
• ISBN: 9798201057268

MAURICIO ENRIQUE FAU

Mauricio Enrique Fau nació en Buenos Aires en 1965. Se recibió de Licenciado en Ciencia Política en la Universidad de Buenos Aires. Cursó también Derecho en la UBA y Periodismo en la Universidad de Morón. Realizó estudios en FLACSO Argentina. Docente de la UBA y AUTOR DE MÁS DE 3.000 RESÚMENES de Psicología, Sociología, Ciencia Política, Antropología, Derecho, Historia, Epistemología, Lógica, Filosofía, Economía, Semiología, Educación y demás disciplinas de las Ciencias Sociales. Desde 2005 dirige La Bisagra Editorial, especializada en técnicas de estudio y materiales que facilitan la transición desde la escuela secundaria a la universidad. Por intermedio de La Bisagra publicó 38 libros. Participa en diversas ferias del libro, entre ellas la Feria Internacional del Libro de Buenos Aires y la FIL Guadalajara.

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Summary Of The Experimental Method And Philosophy Of Physics By Robert Blanché

UNIVERSITY SUMMARIES

MAURICIO ENRIQUE FAU

Published by BOOKS AND SUMMARIES BY MAURICIO FAU, 2022.

While every precaution has been taken in the preparation of this book, the publisher assumes no responsibility for errors or omissions, or for damages resulting from the use of the information contained herein.

SUMMARY OF THE EXPERIMENTAL METHOD AND PHILOSOPHY OF PHYSICS BY ROBERT BLANCHÉ

First edition. February 11, 2022.

Copyright © 2022 MAURICIO ENRIQUE FAU.

ISBN: 979-8201057268

Written by MAURICIO ENRIQUE FAU.

Table of Contents

Title Page

Copyright Page

Blanché, Robert | THE EXPERIMENTAL METHOD AND PHILOSOPHY OF PHYSICS | Introduction

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Blanché, Robert

THE EXPERIMENTAL METHOD AND PHILOSOPHY OF PHYSICS

Introduction

SINCE THE RENAISSANCE , THE USE OF THE EXPERIMENTAL METHOD WAS CHARACTERISTIC OF SCIENCE. The changes that have occurred in modern science are related to a profound transformation in the way of looking at and questioning nature.

THE GREEKS DID NOT USE THE EXPERIMENTAL METHOD. Certain philosophical systems (such as Pythagoras's and Plato's) tended towards mathematization. Others (such as Aristotle and the Stoics) were interested in nature, but despised mathematics.

Despite this, the ancients knew how to make precise observations (their astronomy proves this). His system of nature takes into account the diversity of the empirical and is in accordance with naive experience.

IN THE MIDDLE AGES, SCIENTISTS INTERPRETED NATURE ACCORDING TO ARISTOTLE'S BOOKS. The criticism that the Aristotelians directed against Galileo's innovations focused on the use of mathematical abstraction, for not taking into account the richness of sensory experience. For the medievals, there was a radical separation between mathematics (dealing with ideal entities) and physics (dealing with real entities).

FOR GALILEO, REASONING WAS MORE IMPORTANT THAN REFERENCE TO FACTS. For example, the principle of inertia could not be obtained from simple observation or experimentation. The experiments he alludes to are thought experiments.

To understand this SUBORDINATION OF EXPERIENCE TO REASONING, let us analyze an example. Galileo argued that the fall of any body responds to the same law. It is said that he would have carried out an experiment by throwing objects of different weights from the tower of Pisa. This experiment was actually not done by Galileo, but by an Aristotelian, who determined that the heavier body had fallen first. However, Galileo did not modify his conclusion because the experiment had not confirmed his hypothesis.

Science expressed in mathematical language does not submit to the verdict of experience. At the beginning of the 17th century, the important thing for science was not to carry out an experiment, but to establish the conditions for the experiment to be possible. For this reason, the law of falling bodies continued for half a century without conclusive proof.

IT SHOULD NOT BE THOUGHT THAT THE NOVELTY OF MODERN SCIENCE CONSISTED ONLY IN THE REPLACEMENT OF REASONING BY EXPERIENCE, BUT IN A NEW RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE BOTH.

THE EXPRESSION INDUCTIVE is also sometimes used to characterize modern science. However, there is a risk of misunderstanding what is meant.

Aristotle used the word INDUCTION to refer to reasoning that follows the opposite order of the syllogism used by demonstrative science: the demonstrative