Summary Of "Historiographic Discourse" By Barthes, Certeau, Chartier And Others: UNIVERSITY SUMMARIES

By MAURICIO ENRIQUE FAU

The text makes a brief tour through some of the key topics and authors of the discourse used in historiography. Place and time in history, history, knowledge and discourse, political constructions, construction of the historical object, sources, enunciation and several other axes are treated in this work.

• Language: English
• Publisher: BOOKS AND SUMMARIES BY MAURICIO FAU
• Release date: Oct 7, 2021
• ISBN: 9781393089483

MAURICIO ENRIQUE FAU

Mauricio Enrique Fau nació en Buenos Aires en 1965. Se recibió de Licenciado en Ciencia Política en la Universidad de Buenos Aires. Cursó también Derecho en la UBA y Periodismo en la Universidad de Morón. Realizó estudios en FLACSO Argentina. Docente de la UBA y AUTOR DE MÁS DE 3.000 RESÚMENES de Psicología, Sociología, Ciencia Política, Antropología, Derecho, Historia, Epistemología, Lógica, Filosofía, Economía, Semiología, Educación y demás disciplinas de las Ciencias Sociales. Desde 2005 dirige La Bisagra Editorial, especializada en técnicas de estudio y materiales que facilitan la transición desde la escuela secundaria a la universidad. Por intermedio de La Bisagra publicó 38 libros. Participa en diversas ferias del libro, entre ellas la Feria Internacional del Libro de Buenos Aires y la FIL Guadalajara.

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Summary Of Historiographic Discourse By Barthes, Certeau, Chartier And Others

UNIVERSITY SUMMARIES

MAURICIO ENRIQUE FAU

Published by BOOKS AND SUMMARIES BY MAURICIO FAU, 2021.

While every precaution has been taken in the preparation of this book, the publisher assumes no responsibility for errors or omissions, or for damages resulting from the use of the information contained herein.

SUMMARY OF HISTORIOGRAPHIC DISCOURSE BY BARTHES, CERTEAU, CHARTIER AND OTHERS

First edition. October 7, 2021.

Copyright © 2021 MAURICIO ENRIQUE FAU.

ISBN: 978-1393089483

Written by MAURICIO ENRIQUE FAU.

Table of Contents

Title Page

Copyright Page

Summary Of Historiographic Discourse By Barthes, Certeau, Chartier And Others (UNIVERSITY SUMMARIES)

Noemí Goldman

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HISTORIOGRAPHIC DISCUSSION (selection of visions of different authors)

1. PLACE AND TIME OF HISTORY

1.1. The place of history

All historiographical research is articulated in a sphere of socio-economic, political and cultural production. It is therefore subject to a series of constraints, linked to privileges and rooted in a particularity. It is on the basis of all this that methods are established and reports are organized.  Therefore, historical discourse must be analyzed independently of the institution according to which it is organized. As J. Habermas points out, a re-politicization of the human sciences is necessary, since it is impossible to account for them or to allow their progress without a critical theory of their current situation in society.

In historical discourse, the text itself confesses its relation to the social institution; for example, the we of the author refers to a convention: it is a plural subject that sustains the discourse, that appropriates the language by having been placed in it as speaker. This we eliminates the alternative that would attribute the story to an individual (the author, his personal philosophy, etc.) or to a global subject (time, society, etc.). And to the author's we corresponds the we of the real readers: both his buyers and his peers and colleagues who rate it according to scientific criteria, different from those of the public and decisive for the author. It is the laws of the environment, which admit or not the book, that enable a speaker to utter the historiographic discourse. This discourse and the group that produces it make the historian. Therefore, a work of value in history is that which is recognized as such by its peers. The one that represents progress in relation to current historical methods and that makes new research possible. It is the product of a place, whose work is articulated by means of credits, in the privileges that social or political affinities are worth to this or that study. It is organized, at the same time, by a profession that has its own hierarchies, its rules, its type of psychosocial recruitment; it is installed in the circle of writing (erudite authors - books - cultivated public), it is linked to a teaching, to a teaching, and therefore, to the fluctuations of a clientele, to the introduction of mass culture in a massified university. Historical production is divided between those who do authority and those who do research.

In history, the first job is to produce documents. The historian, far from accepting data, constitutes them. He therefore performs a technical operation.

Michel de Certeau

The time of history

Modern Western history begins with the difference between the present and the past. In this type of historiography, intelligibility is established in relation to the other, it shifts (or progresses) by modifying what constitutes its other - the savage, the past, the people, the third world.  

Historiography, thus, always repeats the gesture of dividing (e.g., middle ages, modern history, contemporary history). Each new time gives rise to a discourse that treats everything that precedes it as dead; it is in this past that there is also the selection between what can be understood and what must be forgotten.

In our historiography, the relationship with time is the same as the relationship with death. In the West, the group (or the individual) gives itself authority with what it excludes (in this consists the creation of its own place) and finds its security in the confessions it obtains from the dominated (thus constituting the knowledge of another or about another, that is, human science). Death obsesses the West, and the perishable obsesses historiography; the latter tries to prove that it is capable of understanding the past, by means of a strange procedure imposed by death and repeated many times in the discourse, a procedure that denies loss, granting the present the privilege of recapitulating the past in a knowledge. Work of death and work against death, through writing: it articulates absence and production in the same space. Therefore, history is the activity that begins anew, starting from a new time separated from the old and that is responsible for constructing a reason in the present.

This is the reason why history has taken over from primitive myths or ancient theologies. History allows our society to narrate itself, it functions as did the narratives that confront a present with its origin.

Language allows a practice to situate itself in relation to its other, the past. Historiography uses death to enunciate a law: the law of the present.

With its narrativity it provides death with a representation but, at the same time, it imposes on the addressee a will, a knowledge and a lesson,