Summary Of "Pragmatism And Abduction" By Susana Calvo: UNIVERSITY SUMMARIES

By MAURICIO ENRIQUE FAU

We have summarized here the essential of this book by the author.

PRAGMATISM AND ABDUCTION

In everyday life and in science, the beliefs and theories that we have play a central role to be able to interpret the facts that are presented to us. We always have a pre-existing conceptual framework, which conditions the information we receive, and which depends on each culture.

On a daily basis, we are faced with unforeseen problems and situations, which we try to explain through hypotheses; induction, which goes from true particular premises to a generalizing conclusion, not necessarily true, is useless.
You can generalize to easily observable questions, such as "All crows are black," but how do you inductively generalize a statement such as "All magnets move in the direction of the Earth's magnetic field" ?; A magnet can be observed through the senses, but it is not the case of a "terrestrial magnetic field", which requires not only observable (empirical) entities, but also unobservable (theoretical) ones. We see here that the role of ideas is fundamental in observation, to capture everything that remains hidden from direct perception.

• Language: English
• Publisher: BOOKS AND SUMMARIES BY MAURICIO FAU
• Release date: Jan 11, 2022
• ISBN: 9798201701529

MAURICIO ENRIQUE FAU

Mauricio Enrique Fau nació en Buenos Aires en 1965. Se recibió de Licenciado en Ciencia Política en la Universidad de Buenos Aires. Cursó también Derecho en la UBA y Periodismo en la Universidad de Morón. Realizó estudios en FLACSO Argentina. Docente de la UBA y AUTOR DE MÁS DE 3.000 RESÚMENES de Psicología, Sociología, Ciencia Política, Antropología, Derecho, Historia, Epistemología, Lógica, Filosofía, Economía, Semiología, Educación y demás disciplinas de las Ciencias Sociales. Desde 2005 dirige La Bisagra Editorial, especializada en técnicas de estudio y materiales que facilitan la transición desde la escuela secundaria a la universidad. Por intermedio de La Bisagra publicó 38 libros. Participa en diversas ferias del libro, entre ellas la Feria Internacional del Libro de Buenos Aires y la FIL Guadalajara.

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Summary Of Pragmatism And Abduction By Susana Calvo

UNIVERSITY SUMMARIES

MAURICIO ENRIQUE FAU

Published by BOOKS AND SUMMARIES BY MAURICIO FAU, 2022.

While every precaution has been taken in the preparation of this book, the publisher assumes no responsibility for errors or omissions, or for damages resulting from the use of the information contained herein.

SUMMARY OF PRAGMATISM AND ABDUCTION BY SUSANA CALVO

First edition. January 11, 2022.

Copyright © 2022 MAURICIO ENRIQUE FAU.

ISBN: 979-8201701529

Written by MAURICIO ENRIQUE FAU.

Table of Contents

Title Page

Copyright Page

CALVO, Susana

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Further Reading: Summary Of Falsificationism As A Criterion For Scientific Demarcation By Karl Popper

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CALVO, Susana

PRAGMATISM AND ABDUCTION

IN EVERYDAY LIFE AND in science, the beliefs and theories that we have play a central role to be able to interpret the facts that are presented to us. We always have a pre-existing conceptual framework, which conditions the information we receive, and which depends on each culture.

On a daily basis, we are faced with unforeseen problems and situations, which we try to explain through hypotheses; induction, which goes from true particular premises to a generalizing conclusion, not necessarily true, is useless.

You can generalize to easily observable questions, such as All crows are black, but how do you inductively generalize a statement such as All magnets move in the direction of the Earth's magnetic field ?; A magnet can be observed through the senses, but it is not the case of a terrestrial magnetic field, which requires not only observable (empirical) entities, but also unobservable (theoretical) ones. We see here that the role of ideas is fundamental in observation, to capture everything that remains hidden from direct perception.

This is how scientists such as Le Verrier and Adams acted, who, upon seeing an anomalous movement of Uranus, suspected that it was an indication of the existence of another planet that was disturbing its orbit.

This is also the case of Torricelli, who assumed that the height of the mercury bar informed him about the atmospheric pressure.

Observation of the facts admits all kinds of cuts and generalizations; hence the inability of induction to direct the theoretical search: "observation not oriented by hypothesis is powerless to discover relevant connections between facts.

The selection of certain facts as relevant can only be made on the basis of prior knowledge "; the hypotheses that an investigator creates originate from previous knowledge, since he will apply criteria according to which he will give importance to some facts, discarding others.

A scientist does not record everything that he sees, but only that which the theory he upholds regards as significant.

For this reason, inductivism cannot account for the formation of hypotheses.

However, the deductive inference does not work either, which, by guaranteeing the truth of its conclusions on the condition that the premises are true, only maintains in the conclusion the truth of the premises, that is, of a certain sphere of objects from which already exist. you know in advance that they are cases of the theory.

Charles S. PEIRCE underlined the importance of abduction or