What Is Formal Science?: UNIVERSITY SUMMARIES

By MAURICIO ENRIQUE FAU

FORMAL SCIENCE IS THE ONE THAT STUDIES IDEAL OBJECTS, THAT IS, CONSTRUCTIONS THAT ALWAYS ARE, TO A CERTAIN IMAGINARY EXTENT, SERVE TO THINK THE ORDER OF THE REAL They do not exist in a specific space and time but help to delimit the confusing aspect that they present things when we first see them. It should be clarified that this is one way of looking at things and not the only one possible. Formal science thinks about the archetypes that will drive any experience. How do they do it without the ground of experience? Through deductive proofs from axioms. The axioms form the undoubted basis of what we start from. The demonstration must be structured in absolute conformity with them. In Modernity, the prestige of these sciences increased because, despite the fact that it was experienced ad nauseam, experimentation alone was not enough to substantiate it and give it objectivity. On the other hand, the development of science required a logical-mathematical demonstration. To address the issue, we have summarized the essentials of "Formal Science and Factual Sciences", by Silvia Rivera.

• Language: English
• Publisher: BOOKS AND SUMMARIES BY MAURICIO FAU
• Release date: Oct 18, 2021
• ISBN: 9798201867782

MAURICIO ENRIQUE FAU

Mauricio Enrique Fau nació en Buenos Aires en 1965. Se recibió de Licenciado en Ciencia Política en la Universidad de Buenos Aires. Cursó también Derecho en la UBA y Periodismo en la Universidad de Morón. Realizó estudios en FLACSO Argentina. Docente de la UBA y AUTOR DE MÁS DE 3.000 RESÚMENES de Psicología, Sociología, Ciencia Política, Antropología, Derecho, Historia, Epistemología, Lógica, Filosofía, Economía, Semiología, Educación y demás disciplinas de las Ciencias Sociales. Desde 2005 dirige La Bisagra Editorial, especializada en técnicas de estudio y materiales que facilitan la transición desde la escuela secundaria a la universidad. Por intermedio de La Bisagra publicó 38 libros. Participa en diversas ferias del libro, entre ellas la Feria Internacional del Libro de Buenos Aires y la FIL Guadalajara.

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What Is Formal Science?

UNIVERSITY SUMMARIES

MAURICIO ENRIQUE FAU

Published by BOOKS AND SUMMARIES BY MAURICIO FAU, 2021.

While every precaution has been taken in the preparation of this book, the publisher assumes no responsibility for errors or omissions, or for damages resulting from the use of the information contained herein.

WHAT IS FORMAL SCIENCE?

First edition. October 18, 2021.

Copyright © 2021 MAURICIO ENRIQUE FAU.

ISBN: 979-8201867782

Written by MAURICIO ENRIQUE FAU.

Table of Contents

Title Page

Copyright Page

What Is Formal Science? (UNIVERSITY SUMMARIES)

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Further Reading: What Is Logic?

Also By MAURICIO ENRIQUE FAU

About the Author

About the Publisher

FORMAL SCIENCE

FORMAL SCIENCE IS THE ONE THAT STUDIES IDEAL OBJECTS, THAT IS, CONSTRUCTIONS THAT, ALTHOUGH ARE, TO A CERTAIN IMAGINARY EXTENT, SERVE TO THINK THE ORDER OF THE REAL

THEY DO NOT EXIST IN a specific space and time but they help to delimit the confusing aspect that things present when we see them for the first time. It should be clarified that this is one way of looking at things and not the only one possible. Formal science thinks the archetypes that are going to drive any experience.

How do they do it without the ground of experience? Through deductive proofs from axioms. The axioms form the undoubted basis of what we start from. The demonstration must be structured in absolute conformity with them.

In Modernity, the prestige of these sciences increased because, despite being experienced ad nauseam, experimentation alone was not enough to substantiate it and give it objectivity. On the other hand, the development of science required a logical-mathematical demonstration.

According to Rivera, the breakdown of the modern project is undoubted and that generates that the question about how to legitimize a new science is without a possible answer. Given this, he suggests the first answer that he has at hand, which is to seek a CONSENSUS. Probably if, as is evident to Rivera, the development of modern science is related to a Platonic idea of ​​truth, perhaps he thinks of returning to a consensus-based idea of ​​truth similar to that of the Sophists.

THE FIRST TWO ATTEMPTS TO EXPLAIN FORMAL KNOWLEDGE WERE MADE IN GREECE. EUCLIDES IN THE FIELD OF GEOMETRY AND ARISTOTLE IN THE FIELD OF LOGIC

THE TASK OF THE FORMER used unsystematized contributions from earlier civilizations such as the Chaldean, Egyptian, or Babylonian.

EUCLIDES INTRODUCED GEOMETRY AS A FIXED BODY OF TRUTHS

The model on which it is based is exactly the same as the one explained in the previous part: AXIOMS ​​+ DEDUCTION. The problem is with what criteria to choose the appropriate axioms. Euclid thought that these would come out of the contrast with the daily evidences, without which the reality would be unthinkable since they are NECESSARY AND ABSOLUTE.

In this way, Euclid established the field of geometric science. His model remained firm until the late nineteenth century when the new geometries (Lovatchesky, Riemann) challenged the axioms and allowed us to glimpse other possibilities of reasoning.

Although these and other similar theories are still discussed, THE SCIENTIFIC CONSENSUS IN THE DISCIPLINE WAS ORIENTED TO CONSIDER THE AXIOMS ​​AS BEING NEITHER TRUE NOR FALSE, and as games and logical formulas usable to orient ourselves to the diversity of reality.

Similar is also the case of logic. ARISTOTLE, in his eagerness to systematize, collected and structured (trying to refine according to his criteria) contributions prior to him. The assumption with which he orders the search for