Episode 135 of the Institute of Performance Nutrition's "We Do Science" podcast! In this episode, I (Laurent Bannock) discuss "The Microbiome" with Dr Jens Walter PhD (University College Cork, Ireland) and Dr Orla O'Sullivan PhD, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Ireland). Discussion Topics Include: The Microbiome: An overview Lifestyle-induced microbiome depletion and impact on health The "Fibre Gap": Low-fibre diet as a key driver of microbiome depletion Establishing what constitutes a healthy human gut microbiome: state of the evidence and translational issues Environmental, clinical, and nutritional factors and the microbiome Exercise and associated dietary extremes impact on gut microbial diversity Key Paper(s) Discussed / Referred to: Establishing What Constitutes a Healthy Human Gut Microbiome: State of the Science, Regulatory Considerations, and Future Directions The Fiber Gap and the Disappearing Gut Microbiome: Implications for Human Nutrition The microbiome of professional athletes differs from that of more sedentary subjects in composition and particularly at the functional metabolic level Exercise and associated dietary extremes impact on gut microbial diversity Related Podcast Episodes: Episode 63 - 'Probiotics and Athletes' with Professor David Pyne Episode 69 - 'Immunological Aspects of Training & Sports Nutrition' with Professor Michael Gleeson Check out our other podcasts, publications, events, and professional education programs for current and aspiring sports nutritionists at www.TheIOPN.com and follow our social media outputs via @TheIOPN