Today, I am blessed to have here with me for a THIRD time Dr. Benjamin Bikman. He is a biomedical scientist, professor, and expert on insulin resistance. Dr. Benjamin Bikman studies diabetes and obesity, and much of what he focuses on is a seemingly obscure condition called insulin resistance. But it's, in fact, not very obscure at all.  What is insulin resistance? Why did Dr. Benjamin Bikman devote his career to studying something like this? Well, insulin resistance is essentially two things. First of all, some cells in your body aren't responding very well to the hormone insulin. Second, you have more insulin than you did before, a condition called hyperinsulinemia. Dr. Bikman's research focus is to elucidate the molecular mechanisms that mediate the disruption that causes and accompanies metabolic disorders, such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, and dementia. Driven by his academic training (Ph.D. in Bioenergetics and postdoctoral fellowship with the Duke-National University of Singapore in metabolic disorders), he is currently exploring the different roles of insulin and ketones as critical drivers of metabolic function. He frequently publishes his research in peer-reviewed journals and presents at international science meetings. In this episode, Dr. Bikman starts by telling us about his journey with social media. In this, he explains his thoughts on why people are so addicted to hatred. He then describes his new manuscript about the differences in the hippocampus of Alzheimer's brains vs. control brains. Next, he discusses sphingolipids, different types of fat growth, and the importance of our humble kidneys! Dr. Bikman finishes up by discussing if people perish purely from diabetes and the link between salt and insulin sensitivity. Pre Order Keto Flex: http://www.ketoflexbook.com -------------------------------------------------------- / / E P I S O D E   S P ON S O R S  PureForm Omega Plant Based Oils (Best Alternative to Fish Oil): http://www.purelifescience.com Use ben4 for $4.00 off. Upgraded Formulas Hair Mineral Deficiency Analysis & Supplements: http://www.upgradedformulas.com Use BEN10 at checkout for 10% off your order.  Text me +1 (786) 364-5002 ? Free 7 Day Keto Kickstart Challenge: http://www.ketokampchallenge.com​ [09:03] Are You Addicted To Hate? Most Humans Struggle With This There are chemical mediators to the emotions that we associate with hate. As much as we want to say we hated something in the heat of the moment, the feeling is somewhat satisfying. It is like we've just sunk our teeth in, and we've made the kill. There's almost an animalistic instinct, a satisfaction that comes from letting someone know what you think of them and expressing your anger, hatred, or frustration at them. That is an addictive state. [16:00] Differences In the Hippocampus of Alzheimer's Brains vs. Control Brains Bikman explains that in a new study, they were able to obtain samples of the hippocampus from donors who had passed away both with and without Alzheimer's disease. The hippocampus is the learning memory center of the human brain. When comparing the control brains and the Alzheimer's brains, they found a profound reduction in almost every gene involved in glucose metabolism in the Alzheimer's brains. However, when looking at ketone metabolism, both the control and the Alzheimer's brains looked totally normal. This is a massive step in Alzheimer's research because it shows that it is not a plaque disorder as people believe; it is a metabolic disorder.  [19:20] The Effect of Sphingolipids In The Brain – A Mystery Solved There is a class of fats in our cells called sphingolipids. They were named after the mysterious sphynx because we didn't know what they did for so long. However, now we know sphingolipids are doing two things. The first is causing the hippocampus to become insulin resistant. Which in turn results in the reduction in glucose-related genes being expressed. The second is sphingolipids directly alter th