This is part 2 in our series on medicine’s sex and gender bias. In this episode, we talk about the ‘sex bias’ and why science knows less about the bodies of people assigned female at birth. This means that less is known about disease presentations and side effects for medications for people with these bodies, as well as illnesses that primarily affect them… like endometriosis! We discuss some of the federal regulations in the US that led to this and some ridiculous examples of studies that failed to include people assigned female at birth in their research. CONNECT WITH US! INSTAGRAM: @in16yearsofendo WEBSITE AND RESOURCES: insixteenyears.com



SOURCES: Clickable links at insixteenyears.com/episode46



Doing Harm: The Truth About How Bad Medicine and Lazy Science Leave Women Dismissed, Misdiagnosed, and Sick by Maya Dusenbery.



Regulations, Guidance, and Reports related to Women’s Health – FDA landing page which has a timeline and links to the different reports we mentioned.



Women’s Health Research: Progress, Pitfalls, and Promise (2010) – Report from the Committee on Women’s Health Research and Institute of Medicine.



Gender Disparity in the Funding of Diseases by the U.S. National Institutes of Health. Arthur A. Mirin. Journal of Women’s Health. Jul 2021.956-963. http://doi.org/10.1089/jwh.2020.8682



The breast/uterine cancer study with no women invited 



How Long Does Lupron or Its Metabolites Circulate? No One Really Knows – Article by Lynn Millican on the website Hormones Matter. 



How the FDA let women down – Article on Drugwatch.



2015 – 2016 Global Participation in Clinical Trials Report – This link will download the PDF report from the FDA.



Racial and Ethnic Minorities in Clinical Trials – FDA landing page which has links and resources.