In today’s episode, we’re talking about a disease so widespread that it touches nearly every family in some way: type 2 diabetes. It’s not just a health issue, it's a rapidly expanding crisis. And many people don’t know that they have it. In the U.S. alone, 100 million people have prediabetes, and more than 37 million have type 2 diabetes, a chronic condition with life-altering effects.Prof. Naveed Sattar joins us to shed light on preventing, treating, and potentially reversing type 2 diabetes. Naveed is a medical doctor and Professor of Metabolic Medicine at the Institute of Cardiovascular & Medical Sciences at the University of Glasgow. He’s one of the world’s top 1% most cited clinical scientists, and he’s worked on many clinical trials of lifestyle changes and drugs to prevent and manage diabetes. Learn your diabetes risk score:If you’re in the U.K. click here. If you’re in the U.S. click here. Get the FREE ZOE gut health guide — download hereFollow ZOE on InstagramTimecodes:00:00 Introduction01:00 Topic introduction02:28 Quick fire questions05:33 What is blood sugar and why does it matter?07:15 What is insulin and what is its relation to blood sugar and diabetes?08:48 Why doesn't the body allow sugar to increase in the blood?10:45 What happens when somebody gets pre-diabetes or type 2?14:34 What is HBA1C?17:08 Why has there been such an increase in diabetes?23:05 How does muscle mass have any impact on diabetes?24:54 Are risks different between men and women?27:08 How does ethnicity come into this?31:04 What other personal risk factors are there?32:29 What are the symptoms of diabetes?33:53 When do these symptoms begin?35:09 What should you do if you have concerns?36:33 How to find out your own likelihood of risk38:34 How can we avoid getting diabetes?42:10 How can we combat genetic risk factors?44:26 Is it possible to lower blood sugar and reverse the effects of diabetes?47:18 What is the science behind the new drugs coming on the market?49:20 Summary53:39 OutroMentioned in today’s episode: Primary care-led weight management for remission of type 2 diabetes (DiRECT): An open-label, cluster-randomised trial in The LancetIs there a nutrition topic you’d like us to explore? Email us at podcast@joinzoe.com, and we’ll do our best to cover it.Episode transcripts are available here.