The sudden onset of a common cold or the flu can stop us in our tracks. Seasonal outbreaks of infectious diseases can be both debilitating and irritating, especially for those people who strive to live a healthy lifestyle.  But are they inevitable? Lydia Bourouiba is the director of the Fluid Dynamics of Disease Transmission Laboratory at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Her work involves trying to better understand the role that sneezes play in the spread of infections. She focusses, not only on the common cold, but as-yet-unknown diseases that could have widespread and devastating consequences, were they to get out of control.  In this LLAMA podcast interview, recorded at TEDMED, Professor Bourouiba explains how we are all vulnerable to infectious diseases -and probably more than we realize. She also dissects the anatomy the sneeze - how far it can go and how long it can linger.In this interview we explore:How colds are transmitted. Why, no matter how healthy we are, we are all vulnerable to infectious diseases.Living in dense populations and the implications for the spread of disease.How Dr. Bourouiba studies the mechanics of sneezing. Why droplet size matters.What happens during “exhalation events” and why our sneezes are different.Why some of us are more likely to transmit infections than others.Multi year studies to better understand the spread of colds and flu.How far can infectious droplets from a sneeze travel in a train cabin?Do masks work to prevent the spread of a virus?How big is the threat of another influenza pandemic?  How effective are flu vaccines?How far should we go to avoid infections ?Check out our home page at LLAMApodcast.comConnect with Prof. Bourouiba:  The Bourouiba research group | Bio | TEDMEDFlexBeam red light therapyRecharge Health is offering LLAMA listeners a discount on the purchase of FlexBeam, the wearable red light therapy device which targets key parts of the body to improve sleep, treat injuries and sooth aches and pains associated with aging. Discounts vary - see details of the current offer here DoNotAgeDoNotAge.org is offering listeners to LLAMA a 10% discount on its range of products – NAD boosters, Sirtuin activators, senolytics and more.  Any health queries can be answered by emailing the team at hello@donotage.orgUse the code LLAMA at checkout. - Time-line Mitopure (a highly pure form of Urolithin A) boosts the health of our mitochondria – the battery packs of our cells – and improves muscle strength. Time-line is offering LLAMA listeners a 10% discount on its range of products – Mitopure powders, softgels & skin creams.  Use the code LLAMA at checkout-Support the showThe Live Long and Master Aging (LLAMA) podcast, a HealthSpan Media LLC production, shares ideas but does not offer medical advice. If you have health concerns of any kind, or you are considering adopting a new diet or exercise regime, you should consult your doctor.