Dr Glenn McConell chats with Professor Russell Hepple from the University of Florida, USA. He is an expert on muscle mitochondria. We tend to think of the mitochondria as the powerhouse of the cell. As Russ clearly explains there is a lot more going on than only this. It is very important that the inner mitochondrial membrane remains impermeable. However, there are situations such as aging, ischemia reperfusion injury, muscle dystrophies and perhaps cancer/chemotherapy where calcium and reactive oxygen species can build up and affect this permeability. This mitochondrial permeability transition is a major focus of Russell’s research. Very interesting work and an informative chat. Russell does very well to simplify a complicated area of research. Twitter: @HeppleRuss0:00. Introduction1:50. The mitochondria beyond “the powerhouse”3:30. Free radicals/reactive oxygen species can be good4:50. ROS production at rest and during exercise7:50. Chronically elevation of ROS8:55. Inner mitochondrial membrane is impermeable10:30. Elevated calcium levels in the cell/mitochondria15:40. Mitochondrial permeability transition pore17:40. Swelling and rupture of mitochondria20:10. What causes the increase in calcium etc/aging23:40. Ischemia reperfusion injury during a heart attack26:00. Cyclophilin D, calcium and mitochondrial permeability transition28:30. Muscular dystrophy and mitochondrial permeability transition31:15. Interactions between calcium and ROS35:00. Diabetes and mitochondrial permeability transition37:00. Aging and mitochondrial function/volume (sex differences)42:35. Can calcium precipitate in the cell?43:53. Can assume skeletal muscle responds similarly to other cells47:00. Aging and mitochondrial permeability transition48:55. Aging and the neuromuscular junction51:58. Deinnervation and the muscle endplate54:58. Cancer and mitochondrial permeability transition57:35. Chemotherapy and mitochondrial permeability transition1:00:15. Takeaway messages1:01:49. Outro (9 seconds)Inside Exercise brings to you the who's who of research in exercise metabolism, exercise physiology and exercise’s effects on health. With scientific rigor, these researchers discuss popular exercise topics while providing practical strategies for all.The interviewer, Emeritus Professor Glenn McConell, has an international research profile following 30 years of Exercise Metabolism research experience while at The University of Melbourne, Ball State University, Monash University, the University of Copenhagen and Victoria University.He has published over 120 peer reviewed journal articles and recently edited an Exercise Metabolism eBook written by world experts on 17 different topics (https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-030-94305-9).Connect with Inside Exercise and Glenn McConell at:Twitter: @Inside_exercise and @GlennMcConell1Instagram: insideexerciseFacebook: Glenn McConellLinkedIn: Glenn McConell https://www.linkedin.com/in/glenn-mcconell-83475460ResearchGate: Glenn McConellEmail: glenn.mcconell@gmail.comSubscribe to Inside exercise:Spotify: shorturl.at/tyGHLApple Podcasts: shorturl.at/oFQRUYouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@insideexerciseAnchor: https://anchor.fm/insideexerciseGoogle Podcasts: shorturl.at/bfhHIAnchor: https://anchor.fm/insideexercisePodcast Addict: https://podcastaddict.com/podcast/4025218Not medical advice