Dr Glenn McConell chats with Professor Håkan Westerblad from the Karolinska Insitute in Sweden. Håkan is a massive name in the field examining the mechanisms of muscle fatigue. The first 20 min is a general discussion of fatigue during exercise which is suitable for a general audience. Then it becomes more complex as as we discuss the mechanisms causing fatigue.  
0:00. Introduction 
0:56. His background, semi-retired, Scandinavian research 
5:36. Definition of fatigue 
7:39. Potential sites of fatigue. Central vs peripheral fatigue. 
10:34. Fatigue during exercise in the heat. 
14:02. Eccentric/concentric contractions and force/fatigue 
17:22. Eccentric exercise and muscle soreness 
18:16. Lactic acid and delayed muscle soreness 
20:26. Mechanisms of skeletal muscle fatigue. 
24:35. Methods in muscle and humans fibers.
25:50. Mechanisms of fatigue during 100m sprint. 
31:28. Creatine supplementation and fatigue.
33:22. Fatigue, acidity and physiological temperature. 
35:47. Lactate beneficial?/protective? 
37:26. Lactate threshold.
38:37. Calcium and fatigue.  Sodium-potassium pumps. 
40:50. Energy used for contraction vs maintaining muscle ion levels.
43:46. Mechanisms of fatigue during 400m running race. 
45:30. Muscle fibre types and fatigue. Calcium and fatigue. 
50:13. All out 400m run versus 400m repeats 
50:36. Muscle glycogen, prolonged exercise and fatigue. 
56:50. Sodium potassium pump and fatigue. 
1:00:40. Mental fatigue and nitrate. 
1:06:20. Recovery and training responses. Low frequency fatigue etc. 
1:12:35. Antioxidants/free radicals and adaptation/fatigue. Too many antioxidants can have a negative effect. 
1:21:28. Studies that need to be done.
1:26:40. Lactate acid causes burning feeling? 
1:28:20. AMP-kinase activation during exercise.
1:31:10. Key take home messages.
Inside Exercise brings to you the who's who of exercise metabolism, exercise physiology and exercise’s effects on health. With scientific rigor, these researchers discuss popular exercise topics while providing practical strategies for all.  
The interviewer, Emeritus Professor Glenn McConell, has an international research profile following 30 years of Exercise Metabolism research experience while at The University of Melbourne, Ball State University, Monash University, the University of Copenhagen and Victoria University.  
He has published over 120 peer reviewed journal articles and recently edited an Exercise Metabolism eBook written by world experts on 17 different topics (https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-030-94305-9).
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