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Length:
63 minutes
Released:
May 27, 2018
Format:
Podcast episode
Description
Children and Mental Health
Instructors: Dr. Dawn-Elise Snipes, Ph.D
Course Objectives
• To recognize normal developmental stages in children and signs of problems in development.
• To list risk factors that negatively affect children’s mental health.
• To describe and identify symptoms of childhood mental health disorders.
• To name community-based prevention/treatment resources and identify major services offered by these organizations.
• To gain knowledge of treating children’s mental health problems.
Beginning Notes…
• Children are not “little adults.” They have their own unique development and needs.
• The definition of mental disorders in children might be best expressed something different than normal developmental expectations for the child.
• Estimates for the prevalence of mental disorders in children range from 5% (“severe”) to 21% (“minimum”).
• Research indicates that half of all lifetime cases of mental illness begin by age 14.
• Additional training ensure increased availability for early intervention in preschools, schools, juvenile justice and medical offices.
Normal Development
• Theories of Development
• Erikson’s Psychosocial Stages
• Trust vs. mistrust
• Autonomy vs. shame
• Initiative vs. guilt
• Industry vs. inferiority
• Piaget’s Cognitive Development
• Bandura’s Social Learning Theory
• Kohlberg’s Moral Development
• Obedience
• Instrumental purpose
• Conformity
• Individual rights
Developmental Psychopathology
• Understanding Multiple Sources
• Specific characteristics of the child (including biological, psychological, and genetic factors)
• His or her environment (including parent, sibling, and family relations, peer and neighborhood factors, school and community factors, and the larger social-cultural context) (Brofenbrenner’s Ecological Systems Theory)
• Understanding Adaptability
• “self-righting” and “self-organizing” tendencies; namely, that a child within a given context naturally adapts (as much as possible) to a particular ecological niche, or when necessary, modifies that niche to get needs met
• i.e. psychopathology may be the result of survival adaptations to a pathological environment.
Developmental Psychopathology
• Understanding Timing
• Is the behavior appropriate at this age?
• Understanding Context
• The same behavior in one setting or culture might be acceptable and even “normative,” whereas it may be seen as pathological in another.
• For this child at this time
• Understanding degree
• Of impairment in comparison to others in the same age group
Risk Factors for Psychopathology
• Biological
• Genetics
• Substance exposure
• Low birth weight
• Prematurity
• Psychosocial
• Domestic violence
• Abuse
• Substance misuse
• Household mental illness
• Bullying
• Parental Depression
• Stressful Life Events
• Parent separation
• Parent incarceration
• Parent abandonment
• Childhood Maltreatment
• Peer and Sibling Influences
Adverse Childhood Experiences
• Almost two-thirds of surveyed adults report at least one ACE, and more than 20% reported three or more ACEs.
• The ACE score, a total sum of the different categories of ACEs reported by participants, is used to assess cumulative childhood stress.
• There is a graded dose-response relationship between ACEs and negative health and well-being outcomes across the life course.
• As the number of ACEs increases so does the risk for the following:
• Heart attack and heart disease
• Mental distress, depression
• Smoking
• Disability
• Unemployment
• Lowered educational attainment
• Stroke
• Diabetes
A
Instructors: Dr. Dawn-Elise Snipes, Ph.D
Course Objectives
• To recognize normal developmental stages in children and signs of problems in development.
• To list risk factors that negatively affect children’s mental health.
• To describe and identify symptoms of childhood mental health disorders.
• To name community-based prevention/treatment resources and identify major services offered by these organizations.
• To gain knowledge of treating children’s mental health problems.
Beginning Notes…
• Children are not “little adults.” They have their own unique development and needs.
• The definition of mental disorders in children might be best expressed something different than normal developmental expectations for the child.
• Estimates for the prevalence of mental disorders in children range from 5% (“severe”) to 21% (“minimum”).
• Research indicates that half of all lifetime cases of mental illness begin by age 14.
• Additional training ensure increased availability for early intervention in preschools, schools, juvenile justice and medical offices.
Normal Development
• Theories of Development
• Erikson’s Psychosocial Stages
• Trust vs. mistrust
• Autonomy vs. shame
• Initiative vs. guilt
• Industry vs. inferiority
• Piaget’s Cognitive Development
• Bandura’s Social Learning Theory
• Kohlberg’s Moral Development
• Obedience
• Instrumental purpose
• Conformity
• Individual rights
Developmental Psychopathology
• Understanding Multiple Sources
• Specific characteristics of the child (including biological, psychological, and genetic factors)
• His or her environment (including parent, sibling, and family relations, peer and neighborhood factors, school and community factors, and the larger social-cultural context) (Brofenbrenner’s Ecological Systems Theory)
• Understanding Adaptability
• “self-righting” and “self-organizing” tendencies; namely, that a child within a given context naturally adapts (as much as possible) to a particular ecological niche, or when necessary, modifies that niche to get needs met
• i.e. psychopathology may be the result of survival adaptations to a pathological environment.
Developmental Psychopathology
• Understanding Timing
• Is the behavior appropriate at this age?
• Understanding Context
• The same behavior in one setting or culture might be acceptable and even “normative,” whereas it may be seen as pathological in another.
• For this child at this time
• Understanding degree
• Of impairment in comparison to others in the same age group
Risk Factors for Psychopathology
• Biological
• Genetics
• Substance exposure
• Low birth weight
• Prematurity
• Psychosocial
• Domestic violence
• Abuse
• Substance misuse
• Household mental illness
• Bullying
• Parental Depression
• Stressful Life Events
• Parent separation
• Parent incarceration
• Parent abandonment
• Childhood Maltreatment
• Peer and Sibling Influences
Adverse Childhood Experiences
• Almost two-thirds of surveyed adults report at least one ACE, and more than 20% reported three or more ACEs.
• The ACE score, a total sum of the different categories of ACEs reported by participants, is used to assess cumulative childhood stress.
• There is a graded dose-response relationship between ACEs and negative health and well-being outcomes across the life course.
• As the number of ACEs increases so does the risk for the following:
• Heart attack and heart disease
• Mental distress, depression
• Smoking
• Disability
• Unemployment
• Lowered educational attainment
• Stroke
• Diabetes
A
Released:
May 27, 2018
Format:
Podcast episode
Titles in the series (100)
019- Risk Factors for the Development of Co-Occurring Addiction and Mental Health Issues: Mental Health and Addiction issues often go hand-in-hand. Effective recovery involves not only minimizing risk factors, but also enhancing protective factors within the individual and the individuals family, work, and community environment. This episod by Counselor Toolbox Podcast with DocSnipes