A Simple Guide to Ankle Dislocation, Diagnosis, Treatment and Related Conditions

By Kenneth Kee

This book describes Ankle Dislocation, Diagnosis and Treatment and Related Diseases

Recently an old lady fell while crossing the road.
She was unable to get up and walk.
The ankle had been twisted and a bone was protruding at the back of the ankle.
This was a posterior ankle dislocation.

An ankle dislocation happens when the ankle bone (talus) is knocked out of its normal position under the lower leg bones (tibia and fibula) by an unusually strong or violent force.

Dependent on the direction that the bones move, the surrounding bones, ligaments, tendons, or cartilage may be injured.

Ankle dislocations are very often linked with fractures.

An isolated dislocated ankle is a rare injury.

Normally, there is a linked fracture of the bones that make up the ankle.

The ankle normally dislocates as a result of a fall, motor vehicle crash, or sporting injury producing damage to ligaments and bones.

Besides the bony injury, there can be injury to blood vessels, nerves, and skin.

There are 2 main sets of ligaments attaching the talus to the tibia and fibula.

The deltoid ligament attaches the tibia to the talus on the inside of the ankle.

On the outside of the ankle, the talofibular ligaments attach the fibula to the talus.

A strong force can injure the ankle ligaments.

To fracture or dislocate an ankle, the forces must be impressive.

Poor muscle strength may contribute to the ankle dislocations.

The peroneal muscles, traveling along the outside of the lower leg and cross the ankle, are accountable for bringing the foot up and out to the side.

Athletes who lack proper peroneal muscle strength may have trouble keeping their feet and legs in an appropriate position when an unexpected twist happens.

This can dislocate the talus or pop it into a position where it does not rest between and below the tibia and the fibula.

An ankle dislocation is an emergency medical situation that can possibly injure any or all of the structures in the ankle.

The blood supply or nerve connections to the ankle also may be injured.

The skin and soft tissue around the ankle may be lacerated or cut by fractured bone.

If there is suspicion of an ankle dislocation, the person should go to a hospital’s emergency room as soon as possible.

Ankle dislocations are a relatively frequent type of dislocation encountered in the emergency department.

They are present in 2 forms:
A true dislocation without fracture
A fracture-dislocation, happening in the vast majority

Ankle dislocations do not happen on impulse but are a result of a trauma.

The most frequent type of ankle dislocation is the posterior dislocation, where the talus moves backward in relation to the tibia.

Anterior dislocations, where the talus is pushed forward, happen when the foot is fixed or dorsi-flexed (where the toes are pointed upward).

Lateral dislocations happen when the ankle is twisted, either inverted or everted, but there are always fractures linked with either the medial or lateral malleolus or both.

Superior dislocation depicts where the talus is jammed upward, into the space between the tibia and fibula, as a result of an axial loading injury and is termed a pilon injury.

Dislocations can be painful, with obvious deformity of the ankle joint

Diagnosis require X-rays and often a MRI.

The emergency treatment is to reduce the dislocation as soon as possible and then splint the ankle to prevent further injury.

Orthopedic consultation is normally required since surgery may be required.

TABLE OF CONTENT
Introduction
Chapter 1 Ankle Dislocation
Chapter 2 Causes
Chapter 3 Symptoms
Chapter 4 Diagnosis
Chapter 5 Treatment
Chapter 6 Prognosis
Chapter 7 Ankle Sprains
Chapter 8 Ankle Disorders
Epilogue

• Language: English
• Publisher: Kenneth Kee
• Release date: Mar 17, 2022
• ISBN: 9781005300081

Kenneth Kee

Medical doctor since 1972.Started Kee Clinic in 1974 at 15 Holland Dr #03-102, relocated to 36 Holland Dr #01-10 in 2009.Did my M.Sc (Health Management ) in 1991 and Ph.D (Healthcare Administration) in 1993.Dr Kenneth Kee is still working as a family doctor at the age of 74However he has reduced his consultation hours to 3 hours in the morning and 2 hours inthe afternoon.He first started writing free blogs on medical disorders seen in the clinic in 2007 on http://kennethkee.blogspot.com.His purpose in writing these simple guides was for the health education of his patients which is also his dissertation for his Ph.D (Healthcare Administration). He then wrote an autobiography account of his journey as a medical student to family doctor on his other blog http://afamilydoctorstale.blogspot.comThis autobiography account “A Family Doctor’s Tale” was combined with his early “A Simple Guide to Medical Disorders” into a new Wordpress Blog “A Family Doctor’s Tale” on http://ken-med.com.From which many free articles from the blog was taken and put together into 1000 eBooks.He apologized for typos and spelling mistakes in his earlier books.He will endeavor to improve the writing in futures.Some people have complained that the simple guides are too simple.For their information they are made simple in order to educate the patients.The later books go into more details of medical disorders.He has published 1000 eBooks on various subjects on health, 1 autobiography of his medical journey, another on the autobiography of a Cancer survivor, 2 children stories and one how to study for his nephew and grand-daughter.The purpose of these simple guides is to educate patient on health disorders and not meant as textbooks.He does not do any night duty since 2000 ever since Dr Tan had his second stroke.His clinic is now relocated to the Buona Vista Community Centre.The 2 units of his original clinic are being demolished to make way for a new Shopping Mall.He is now doing some blogging and internet surfing (bulletin boards since the 1980's) startingwith the Apple computer and going to PC.The entire PC is upgraded by himself from XT to the present Pentium duo core.The present Intel i7 CPU is out of reach at the moment because the CPU is still expensive.He is also into DIY changing his own toilet cistern and other electric appliance.His hunger for knowledge has not abated and he is a lifelong learner.The children have all grown up and there are 2 grandchildren who are even more technically advanced than the grandfather where mobile phones are concerned.This book is taken from some of the many articles in his blog (now with 740 posts) A Family Doctor’s Tale.Dr Kee is the author of:"A Family Doctor's Tale""Life Lessons Learned From The Study And Practice Of Medicine""Case Notes From A Family Doctor"

Book preview

A

Simple

Guide

To

Ankle Dislocation,

Diagnosis,

Treatment

And

Related Conditions

By

Dr Kenneth Kee

M.B.,B.S. (Singapore)

Ph.D (Healthcare Administration)

Copyright Kenneth Kee 2022 Smashwords Edition

Published by Kenneth Kee at Smashwords.com

Dedication

This book is dedicated

To my wife Dorothy

And my children

Carolyn, Grace

And Kelvin

This book describes Ankle Dislocation, Diagnosis and Treatment and Related Diseases which is seen in some of my patients in my Family Clinic.

(What You Need to Treat Ankle Dislocation)

This e-Book is licensed for your personal enjoyment only. This eBook may not be re-sold or given away to other people. If you would like to share this book with another person, please purchase an additional copy for each reader.

If you’re reading this book and did not purchase it, or it was not purchased for your use only, then please return to Smashwords.com and purchase your own copy.

Thank you for respecting the hard work of this author.

Introduction

I have been writing medical articles for my blog: http://kennethkee.blogspot.com (A Simple Guide to Medical Disorder) for the benefit of my patients since 2007.

My purpose in writing these simple guides was for the health education of my patients.

Health Education was also my dissertation for my Ph.D (Healthcare Administration).

I then wrote an autobiography account of my journey as a medical student to family doctor on my other blog: http://afamilydoctorstale.blogspot.com.

This autobiography account A Family Doctor’s Tale was combined with my early A Simple Guide to Medical Disorders into a new Wordpress Blog A Family Doctor’s Tale on http://kenkee481.wordpress.com.

From which many free articles from the blog was taken and put together into 800 eBooks.

Some people have complained that the simple guides are too simple.

For their information they are made simple in order to educate the patients.

The later books go into more details of medical disorders.

The first chapter is always from my earlier blogs which unfortunately tends to have typos and spelling mistakes.

Since 2013, I have tried to improve my spelling and writing.

As I tried to bring the patient the latest information about a disorder or illness by reading the latest journals both online and offline, I find that I am learning more and improving on my own medical knowledge in diagnosis and treatment for my patients.

My diagnosis and treatment capability has improved tremendously from my continued education.

Just by writing all these simple guides I find that I have learned a lot from your reviews (good or bad), criticism and advice.

I am sorry for the repetitions in these simple guides as the second chapters onwards have new information as compared to my first chapter taken from my blog.

I also find repetition definitely help me and maybe some readers to remember the facts in the books more easily.

I apologize if these repetitions are irritating to some readers.

Chapter 1

Ankle Dislocation

Recently an old lady fell while crossing the road.

She was unable to get up and walk.

The ankle had been twisted and a bone was protruding at the back of the ankle.

This was a posterior ankle dislocation.

What is Ankle Dislocation?

An ankle dislocation happens when the ankle bone (talus) is knocked out of its normal position under the lower leg bones (tibia and fibula) by an unusually strong or violent force.

Dependent on the direction that the bones move, the surrounding bones, ligaments, tendons, or cartilage may be injured.

Ankle dislocations are very often linked with fractures.

An isolated dislocated ankle is a rare injury.

Normally, there is a linked fracture of the bones that make up the ankle.

The ankle normally dislocates as a result of a fall, motor vehicle crash, or sporting injury producing damage to ligaments and bones.

Besides the bony injury, there can be injury to blood vessels, nerves, and skin.

There are 2 main sets of ligaments attaching the talus to the tibia and fibula.

The deltoid ligament attaches the tibia to the talus on the inside of the ankle.

On the outside of the ankle, the talofibular ligaments attach the fibula to the talus.

A strong force can injure the ankle ligaments.

To fracture or dislocate an ankle, the forces must be impressive.

Poor muscle strength may contribute to the ankle dislocations.

The peroneal muscles, traveling along the outside of the lower leg and cross the ankle, are accountable for bringing the foot up and out to the side.

Athletes who lack proper peroneal muscle strength may have trouble keeping their feet and legs in an appropriate position when an unexpected twist happens.

This can dislocate the talus or pop it into a position where it does not rest between and below the tibia and the fibula.

An ankle dislocation is an emergency medical situation that can possibly injure any or all of the structures in the ankle.

The blood supply or nerve connections to the ankle also may be injured.

The skin and soft tissue around the ankle may be lacerated or cut by fractured bone.

If there is suspicion of an ankle dislocation, the person should go to a hospital’s emergency room as soon as possible.

The diagnosis is often made medically.

The emergency treatment is to reduce the dislocation as soon as possible and then splint the ankle to prevent further injury.

Orthopedic consultation is normally required since surgery may be required depending upon the patient's circumstances.

Arthritis is a frequent complication of ankle dislocation.

Most dislocated ankles happen from accidental injury and are difficult to prevent.

What are the causes for an ankle dislocation?

Causes

Ankle dislocations are a relatively frequent type of dislocation encountered in the emergency department.

They