Artificial Photosynthesis: Capturing and storing the energy from sunlight to produce solar fuel

By Fouad Sabry

What Is Artificial Photosynthesis

Synthetic photosynthesis is a chemical process that replicates the natural process of photosynthesis by transforming sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide into carbohydrates and oxygen. This process is also known as artificial photosynthesis. The process of catching and storing the energy from sunlight in the chemical bonds of a fuel is generally referred to as "artificial photosynthesis," and the word is usually used interchangeably with the phrase. Photocatalytic water splitting, often known as artificial photosynthesis, is the process of converting water into hydrogen and oxygen by the use of light. Another approach that has been researched to duplicate the natural process of carbon fixation is called light-driven carbon dioxide reduction.

How You Will Benefit

(I) Insights, and validations about the following topics:

Chapter 1: Artificial photosynthesis

Chapter 2: Hydrogen

Chapter 3: Photohydrogen

Chapter 4: Photoelectrochemical cell

Chapter 5: Water splitting

Chapter 6: Photocatalysis

Chapter 7: Hydrogenase

Chapter 8: Solar chemical

Chapter 9: Microbial metabolism

Chapter 10: Hydrogen production

Chapter 11: Biohydrogen

Chapter 12: Oxygen evolution

Chapter 13: Dioxygen in biological reactions

Chapter 14: Enzymatic biofuel cell

Chapter 15: Daniel G. Nocera

Chapter 16: Photocatalytic water splitting

Chapter 17: Craig L. Hill

Chapter 18: Solar fuel

Chapter 19: Photogeochemistry

Chapter 20: Water oxidation catalysis

Chapter 21: Bionic Leaf

(II) Answering the public top questions about artificial photosynthesis.

(III) Real world examples for the usage of artificial photosynthesis in many fields.

(IV) 17 appendices to explain, briefly, 266 emerging technologies in each industry to have 360-degree full understanding of artificial photosynthesis' technologies.

Who This Book Is For

Professionals, undergraduate and graduate students, enthusiasts, hobbyists, and those who want to go beyond basic knowledge or information for any kind of artificial photosynthesis.

• Language: English
• Publisher: One Billion Knowledgeable
• Release date: Oct 15, 2022

Book preview

Copyright

Artificial Photosynthesis Copyright © 2022 by Fouad Sabry. All Rights Reserved.

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form or by any electronic or mechanical means including information storage and retrieval systems, without permission in writing from the author. The only exception is by a reviewer, who may quote short excerpts in a review.

Cover designed by Fouad Sabry.

This book is a work of fiction. Names, characters, places, and incidents either are products of the author’s imagination or are used fictitiously. Any resemblance to actual persons, living or dead, events, or locales is entirely coincidental.

Bonus

You can send an email to [e-mail] with the subject line Artificial Photosynthesis: Capturing and storing the energy from sunlight to produce solar fuel, and you will receive an email which contains the first few chapters of this book.

Fouad Sabry

Visit 1BK website at

www.1BKOfficial.org

Preface

Why did I write this book?

The story of writing this book started on 1989, when I was a student in the Secondary School of Advanced Students.

It is remarkably like the STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) Schools, which are now available in many advanced countries.

STEM is a curriculum based on the idea of educating students in four specific disciplines — science, technology, engineering, and mathematics — in an interdisciplinary and applied approach. This term is typically used to address an education policy or a curriculum choice in schools. It has implications for workforce development, national security concerns and immigration policy.

There was a weekly class in the library, where each student is free to choose any book and read for 1 hour. The objective of the class is to encourage the students to read subjects other than the educational curriculum.

In the library, while I was looking at the books on the shelves, I noticed huge books, total of 5,000 pages in 5 parts. The books name is The Encyclopedia of Technology, which describes everything around us, from absolute zero to semiconductors, almost every technology, at that time, was explained with colorful illustrations and simple words. I started to read the encyclopedia, and of course, I was not able to finish it in the 1-hour weekly class.

So, I convinced my father to buy the encyclopedia. My father bought all the technology tools for me in the beginning of my life, the first computer and the first technology encyclopedia, and both have a great impact on myself and my career.

I have finished the entire encyclopedia in the same summer vacation of this year, and then I started to see how the universe works and to how to apply that knowledge to everyday problems.

My passion to the technology started mor than 30 years ago and still the journey goes on.

This book is part of The Encyclopedia of Emerging Technologies which is my attempt to give the readers the same amazing experience I had when I was in high school, but instead of 20th century technologies, I am more interested in the 21st century emerging technologies, applications, and industry solutions.

The Encyclopedia of Emerging Technologies will consist of 365 books, each book will be focused on one single emerging technology. You can read the list of emerging technologies and their categorization by industry in the part of Coming Soon, at the end of the book.

365 books to give the readers the chance to increase their knowledge on one single emerging technology every day within the course of one year period.

Introduction

How did I write this book?

In every book of The Encyclopedia of Emerging Technologies, I am trying to get instant, raw search insights, direct from the minds of the people, trying to answer their questions about the emerging technology.

There are 3 billion Google searches every day, and 20% of those have never been seen before. They are like a direct line to the people thoughts.

Sometimes that’s ‘How do I remove paper jam’. Other times, it is the wrenching fears and secret hankerings they would only ever dare share with Google.

In my pursuit to discover an untapped goldmine of content ideas about Artificial Photosynthesis, I use many tools to listen into autocomplete data from search engines like Google, then quickly cranks out every useful phrase and question, the people are asking around the keyword Artificial Photosynthesis.

It is a goldmine of people insight, I can use to create fresh, ultra-useful content, products, and services. The kind people, like you, really want.

People searches are the most important dataset ever collected on the human psyche. Therefore, this book is a live product, and constantly updated by more and more answers for new questions about Artificial Photosynthesis, asked by people, just like you and me, wondering about this new emerging technology and would like to know more about it.

The approach for writing this book is to get a deeper level of understanding of how people search around Artificial Photosynthesis, revealing questions and queries which I would not necessarily think off the top of my head, and answering these questions in super easy and digestible words, and to navigate the book around in a straightforward way.

So, when it comes to writing this book, I have ensured that it is as optimized and targeted as possible. This book purpose is helping the people to further understand and grow their knowledge about Artificial Photosynthesis. I am trying to answer people’s questions as closely as possible and showing a lot more.

It is a fantastic, and beautiful way to explore questions and problems that the people have and answer them directly, and add insight, validation, and creativity to the content of the book – even pitches and proposals. The book uncovers rich, less crowded, and sometimes surprising areas of research demand I would not otherwise reach. There is no doubt that, it is expected to increase the knowledge of the potential readers’ minds, after reading the book using this approach.

I have applied a unique approach to make the content of this book always fresh. This approach depends on listening to the people minds, by using the search listening tools. This approach helped me to:

Meet the readers exactly where they are, so I can create relevant content that strikes a chord and drives more understanding to the topic.

Keep my finger firmly on the pulse, so I can get updates when people talk about this emerging technology in new ways, and monitor trends over time.

Uncover hidden treasures of questions need answers about the emerging technology to discover unexpected insights and hidden niches that boost the relevancy of the content and give it a winning edge.

The building block for writing this book include the following:

(1) I have stopped wasting the time on gutfeel and guesswork about the content wanted by the readers, filled the book content with what the people need and said goodbye to the endless content ideas based on speculations.

(2) I have made solid decisions, and taken fewer risks, to get front row seats to what people want to read and want to know — in real time — and use search data to make bold decisions, about which topics to include and which topics to exclude.

(3) I have streamlined my content production to identify content ideas without manually having to sift through individual opinions to save days and even weeks of time.

It is wonderful to help the people to increase their knowledge in a straightforward way by just answering their questions.

I think the approach of writing of this book is unique as it collates, and tracks the important questions being asked by the readers on search engines.

Acknowledgments

Writing a book is harder than I thought and more rewarding than I could have ever imagined. None of this would have been possible without the work completed by prestigious researchers, and I would like to acknowledge their efforts to increase the knowledge of the public about this emerging technology.

Dedication

To the enlightened, the ones who see things differently, and want the world to be better -- they are not fond of the status quo or the existing state. You can disagree with them too much, and you can argue with them even more, but you cannot ignore them, and you cannot underestimate them, because they always change things... they push the human race forward, and while some may see them as the crazy ones or amateur, others see genius and innovators, because the ones who are enlightened enough to think that they can change the world, are the ones who do, and lead the people to the enlightenment.

Epigraph

Synthetic photosynthesis is a chemical process that replicates the natural process of photosynthesis by transforming sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide into carbohydrates and oxygen. This process is also known as artificial photosynthesis. The process of catching and storing the energy from sunlight in the chemical bonds of a fuel is generally referred to as artificial photosynthesis, and the word is usually used interchangeably with the phrase. Photocatalytic water splitting, often known as artificial photosynthesis, is the process of converting water into hydrogen and oxygen by the use of light. Another approach that has been researched to duplicate the natural process of carbon fixation is called light-driven carbon dioxide reduction.

Table of Contents

Copyright

Bonus

Preface

Introduction

Acknowledgments

Dedication

Epigraph

Table of Contents

Chapter 1: Artificial photosynthesis

Chapter 2: Hydrogen

Chapter 3: Photohydrogen

Chapter 4: Photoelectrochemical cell

Chapter 5: Water splitting

Chapter 6: Photocatalysis

Chapter 7: Hydrogenase

Chapter 8: Solar chemical

Chapter 9: Microbial metabolism

Chapter 10: Hydrogen production

Chapter 11: Biohydrogen

Chapter 12: Oxygen evolution

Chapter 13: Dioxygen in biological reactions

Chapter 14: Enzymatic biofuel cell

Chapter 15: Daniel G. Nocera

Chapter 16: Photocatalytic water splitting

Chapter 17: Craig L. Hill

Chapter 18: Solar fuel

Chapter 19: Photogeochemistry

Chapter 20: Water oxidation catalysis

Chapter 21: Bionic Leaf

Epilogue

About the Author

Coming Soon

Appendices: Emerging Technologies in Each Industry

Chapter 1: Artificial photosynthesis

Synthetic photosynthesis is a chemical process that replicates the natural process of photosynthesis by transforming sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide into carbohydrates and oxygen. This process is also known as artificial photosynthesis. The process of catching and storing the energy from sunlight in the chemical bonds of a fuel is often referred to as artificial photosynthesis, and the phrase is generally used to apply to any such system (a solar fuel). Photocatalytic water splitting, often known as artificial photosynthesis, is the process of converting water into hydrogen and oxygen by the use of light. Another technique that is being researched that is similar to natural carbon fixation is called light-driven carbon dioxide reduction.

The design and assembly of devices for the direct production of solar fuels, photoelectrochemistry and its application in fuel cells, and the engineering of enzymes and photoautotrophic microorganisms for the production of microbial biofuel and biohydrogen from sunlight are all examples of the types of research that fall under the purview of this field.

Oxidation and reduction are two half-reactions that may be separated out of the photosynthetic reaction. Both of these reactions are necessary for the production of fuel. During the process of photosynthesis, water molecules are oxidized by light, which results in the release of oxygen and protons. The Calvin-Benson cycle is the name given to the light-independent process that takes place during the second phase of photosynthesis in plants. This reaction transforms carbon dioxide into glucose (fuel). Photocatalysts that are capable of performing both of these processes are now being developed by researchers working on artificial photosynthesis. In addition, the protons that are created as a byproduct of the splitting of water may be put to use in the generation of hydrogen. These catalysts need to be able to respond fast and absorb a significant proportion of the sun photons that are incident onto them.

Photovoltaics, on the other hand, may get their power straight from the sun, The inefficiency of producing fuel from solar power (indirect process) and the fact that sunlight is not consistent throughout the day are two factors that place a restriction on the usage of this technology.

The creation of biofuels is one use of natural photosynthesis that may be considered, It is a roundabout way of saying that it is not very efficient at converting one kind of energy to another (owing to the fact that photosynthesis itself is not very good at turning sunlight into biomass), the expense incurred for the gathering and shipping of the fuel, as well as tensions as a result of the growing need for land mass for agricultural production.

The production of a fuel from sunshine that can be easily stored and put to use during periods of time when sunlight is not accessible is the goal of artificial photosynthesis, by the use of direct processes, that is, to make a solar fuel.

As a result of the invention of catalysts that are capable of recreating the essential components of photosynthesis, In the end, the only sources that would be required for the creation of clean energy would be water and sunshine.

Only oxygen would be produced as a by-product, Moreover, the creation of solar fuel may one day be less expensive than the production of gasoline.

In addition to this, it is anticipated to be one of the most, if not the most important, methods that are both efficient and effective for extracting hydrogen from