Emerging Technologies in Energy Series

What Is Airborne Wind Turbine An airborne wind turbine is a design concept for a wind turbine with a rotor that is supported in the air without a tower. This allows the wind turbine to take advantage of the greater wind speed and persistence at higher altitudes, while also avoiding the expense of tower construction and the requirement for slip rings or yaw mechanisms. There are two possible locations for an electrical generator: on the ground or in the air. The ability to securely hang and maintain turbines hundreds of meters from the ground in heavy winds and storms is one of the challenges faced. Other challenges include transmitting the electricity that has been gathered and/or created back to land and interfering with aviation. How You Will Benefit (I) Insights, and validations about the following topics: Chapter 1: Airborne wind turbine Chapter 2: Aircraft Chapter 3: Unpowered aircraft Chapter 4: Aerostat Chapter 5: Balloon (aeronautics) Chapter 6: Savonius wind turbine Chapter 7: Hybrid airship Chapter 8: List of energy resources Chapter 9: Allsopp Helikite Chapter 10: Airborne wind energy Chapter 11: Unconventional wind turbines Chapter 12: Tethered balloon Chapter 13: Tethered Aerostat Radar System Chapter 14: Laddermill Chapter 15: Kite types Chapter 16: Kytoon Chapter 17: Unpowered flight Chapter 18: Makani (company) Chapter 19: Aerostat (disambiguation) Chapter 20: Crosswind kite power Chapter 21: Kitepower (II) Answering the public top questions about airborne wind turbine. (III) Real world examples for the usage of airborne wind turbine in many fields. (IV) 17 appendices to explain, briefly, 266 emerging technologies in each industry to have 360-degree full understanding of airborne wind turbine' technologies. Who This Book Is For Professionals, undergraduate and graduate students, enthusiasts, hobbyists, and those who want to go beyond basic knowledge or information for any kind of airborne wind turbine.

What Is Flywheel Energy Storage The flywheel energy storage (FES) system works by keeping the energy in the system as rotational energy while simultaneously increasing the speed of a rotor (the flywheel) to an extremely high rate. When energy is removed from the system, the rotating speed of the flywheel slows down as a direct result of the theory of energy conservation. On the other hand, when energy is added to the system, the flywheel's rotational speed rises as a direct result of the principle of energy conservation. How You Will Benefit (I) Insights, and validations about the following topics: Chapter 1: Flywheel energy storage Chapter 2: Energy storage Chapter 3: Superconducting magnetic energy storage Chapter 4: Gyroscope Chapter 5: Electric motor Chapter 6: Flywheel Chapter 7: Regenerative braking Chapter 8: Magnetic bearing Chapter 9: Brushless DC electric motor Chapter 10: DC motor Chapter 11: Motor-generator Chapter 12: Revolutions per minute Chapter 13: Grid energy storage Chapter 14: Microturbine Chapter 15: Control moment gyroscope Chapter 16: Retarder (mechanical engineering) Chapter 17: London moment Chapter 18: Hybrid vehicle drivetrain Chapter 19: Kinetic energy recovery system Chapter 20: Attitude control Chapter 21: Flywheel storage power system (II) Answering the public top questions about flywheel energy storage. (III) Real world examples for the usage of flywheel energy storage in many fields. (IV) 17 appendices to explain, briefly, 266 emerging technologies in each industry to have 360-degree full understanding of flywheel energy storage' technologies. Who This Book Is For Professionals, undergraduate and graduate students, enthusiasts, hobbyists, and those who want to go beyond basic knowledge or information for any kind of flywheel energy storage.

What Is Americium The chemical element americium, denoted by the symbol Am and having the atomic number 95, is produced in a laboratory and is radioactive. It is a transuranic element that is a part of the actinide class and can be found in the periodic table just below the lanthanide element europium. Because of this, it was named after the Americas by analogy. How You Will Benefit (I) Insights, and validations about the following topics: Chapter 1: Americium Chapter 2: Actinide Chapter 3: Berkelium Chapter 4: Curium Chapter 5: Californium Chapter 6: Einsteinium Chapter 7: Neptunium Chapter 8: MOX fuel Chapter 9: PUREX Chapter 10: Fertile material Chapter 11: Isotopes of plutonium Chapter 12: Isotopes of americium Chapter 13: Minor actinide Chapter 14: Curium(III) oxide Chapter 15: Weapons-grade nuclear material Chapter 16: Actinides in the environment Chapter 17: Plutonium-241 Chapter 18: Plutonium-242 Chapter 19: Long-lived fission product Chapter 20: Plutonium hexafluoride Chapter 21: Americium-241 (II) Answering the public top questions about americium. (III) Real world examples for the usage of americium in many fields. (IV) 17 appendices to explain, briefly, 266 emerging technologies in each industry to have 360-degree full understanding of americium' technologies. Who This Book Is For Professionals, undergraduate and graduate students, enthusiasts, hobbyists, and those who want to go beyond basic knowledge or information for any kind of americium.

What Is Artificial Photosynthesis Synthetic photosynthesis is a chemical process that replicates the natural process of photosynthesis by transforming sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide into carbohydrates and oxygen. This process is also known as artificial photosynthesis. The process of catching and storing the energy from sunlight in the chemical bonds of a fuel is generally referred to as "artificial photosynthesis," and the word is usually used interchangeably with the phrase. Photocatalytic water splitting, often known as artificial photosynthesis, is the process of converting water into hydrogen and oxygen by the use of light. Another approach that has been researched to duplicate the natural process of carbon fixation is called light-driven carbon dioxide reduction. How You Will Benefit (I) Insights, and validations about the following topics: Chapter 1: Artificial photosynthesis Chapter 2: Hydrogen Chapter 3: Photohydrogen Chapter 4: Photoelectrochemical cell Chapter 5: Water splitting Chapter 6: Photocatalysis Chapter 7: Hydrogenase Chapter 8: Solar chemical Chapter 9: Microbial metabolism Chapter 10: Hydrogen production Chapter 11: Biohydrogen Chapter 12: Oxygen evolution Chapter 13: Dioxygen in biological reactions Chapter 14: Enzymatic biofuel cell Chapter 15: Daniel G. Nocera Chapter 16: Photocatalytic water splitting Chapter 17: Craig L. Hill Chapter 18: Solar fuel Chapter 19: Photogeochemistry Chapter 20: Water oxidation catalysis Chapter 21: Bionic Leaf (II) Answering the public top questions about artificial photosynthesis. (III) Real world examples for the usage of artificial photosynthesis in many fields. (IV) 17 appendices to explain, briefly, 266 emerging technologies in each industry to have 360-degree full understanding of artificial photosynthesis' technologies. Who This Book Is For Professionals, undergraduate and graduate students, enthusiasts, hobbyists, and those who want to go beyond basic knowledge or information for any kind of artificial photosynthesis.

What Is Energy Harvesting Energy harvesting is the act of obtaining energy from outside sources, capturing that energy, and storing it for use by tiny, wireless, autonomous devices. Examples of these types of devices include those used in wearable electronics and wireless sensor networks. How You Will Benefit (I) Insights, and validations about the following topics: Chapter 1: Energy harvesting Chapter 2: Piezoelectricity Chapter 3: Nuclear electric rocket Chapter 4: Pyroelectricity Chapter 5: Transducer Chapter 6: Atomic battery Chapter 7: Electronic component Chapter 8: Betavoltaic device Chapter 9: Optoelectric nuclear battery Chapter 10: Pacesetters Chapter 11: Micropower Chapter 12: Thermoelectric generator Chapter 13: Ultrasonic transducer Chapter 14: Vibration-powered generator Chapter 15: Automotive thermoelectric generator Chapter 16: Thermal copper pillar bump Chapter 17: Nanogenerator Chapter 18: Self-powered dynamic systems Chapter 19: Thermoelectric battery Chapter 20: Applications of photovoltaics Chapter 21: Zhong Lin Wang (II) Answering the public top questions about energy harvesting. (III) Real world examples for the usage of energy harvesting in many fields. (IV) 17 appendices to explain, briefly, 266 emerging technologies in each industry to have 360-degree full understanding of energy harvesting' technologies. Who This Book Is For Professionals, undergraduate and graduate students, enthusiasts, hobbyists, and those who want to go beyond basic knowledge or information for any kind of energy harvesting.

What Is Supercapacitor A supercapacitor (SC), also known as an ultracapacitor, is a high-capacity capacitor that bridges the gap between electrolytic capacitors and rechargeable batteries. It has a capacitance value that is significantly higher than that of other capacitors, but it has lower voltage limits than other capacitors. It is able to absorb and give charge considerably more quickly than batteries, and it can endure many more charge and discharge cycles than rechargeable batteries. In general, it stores 10 to 100 times more energy per unit volume or mass than electrolytic capacitors. How You Will Benefit (I) Insights, and validations about the following topics: Chapter 1: Supercapacitor Chapter 2: Lithium-ion battery Chapter 3: Rechargeable battery Chapter 4: Zinc-air battery Chapter 5: Capacitor types Chapter 6: Flow battery Chapter 7: Capacitor Chapter 8: Nanobatteries Chapter 9: Nanodot Chapter 10: Paper battery Chapter 11: Double layer (surface science) Chapter 12: Lithium-ion capacitor Chapter 13: Nanoball batteries Chapter 14: Lithium-air battery Chapter 15: Carbide-derived carbon Chapter 16: Pseudocapacitor Chapter 17: Zinc-cerium battery Chapter 18: Aluminium-ion battery Chapter 19: Pseudocapacitance Chapter 20: Double-layer capacitance Chapter 21: Research in lithium-ion batteries (II) Answering the public top questions about supercapacitor. (III) Real world examples for the usage of supercapacitor in many fields. (IV) 17 appendices to explain, briefly, 266 emerging technologies in each industry to have 360-degree full understanding of supercapacitor' technologies. Who This Book Is For Professionals, undergraduate and graduate students, enthusiasts, hobbyists, and those who want to go beyond basic knowledge or information for any kind of supercapacitor.

What Is Concentrated Solar Power Concentrated solar power systems create solar electricity by focusing a huge area of sunlight onto a receiver via the use of mirrors or lenses to concentrate the sunlight. The focused light is turned into heat, which either drives a heat engine that is coupled to an electrical power generator or powers a thermochemical process. This heat then drives an electrical power generator, which results in the generation of electricity. How You Will Benefit (I) Insights, and validations about the following topics: Chapter 1: Concentrated solar power Chapter 2: Solar thermal energy Chapter 3: Parabolic trough Chapter 4: Nevada Solar One Chapter 5: Solar power plants in the Mojave Desert Chapter 6: Solar power in Spain Chapter 7: Solar power Chapter 8: Solana Generating Station Chapter 9: SolarReserve Chapter 10: Torresol Energy Chapter 11: eSolar Chapter 12: Compact linear Fresnel reflector Chapter 13: Sierra SunTower Chapter 14: Solar Euromed Chapter 15: Concentrator photovoltaics Chapter 16: Solar power in Italy Chapter 17: Outline of solar energy Chapter 18: Copper in renewable energy Chapter 19: Ouarzazate Solar Power Station Chapter 20: Cerro Dominador Solar Thermal Plant Chapter 21: Termosolar Borges (II) Answering the public top questions about concentrated solar power. (III) Real world examples for the usage of concentrated solar power in many fields. (IV) 17 appendices to explain, briefly, 266 emerging technologies in each industry to have 360-degree full understanding of concentrated solar power' technologies. Who This Book Is For Professionals, undergraduate and graduate students, enthusiasts, hobbyists, and those who want to go beyond basic knowledge or information for any kind of concentrated solar power.

What Is Fusion Power Fusion power is a kind of power production that has been suggested in recent years that would produce electricity by using the heat produced by nuclear fusion processes. During the process of nuclear fusion, two lighter atomic nuclei unite to produce one heavier atomic nucleus, which also results in the release of energy. Fusion reactors are the machines that are built to extract energy from fusion reactions. How You Will Benefit (I) Insights, and validations about the following topics: Chapter 1: Fusion power Chapter 2: Nuclear fusion Chapter 3: Tokamak Chapter 4: Thermonuclear fusion Chapter 5: Fusion rocket Chapter 6: Inertial confinement fusion Chapter 7: Timeline of nuclear fusion Chapter 8: ITER Chapter 9: Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor Chapter 10: Aneutronic fusion Chapter 11: Fusion energy gain factor Chapter 12: Magnetic confinement fusion Chapter 13: DEMOnstration Power Plant Chapter 14: Inertial fusion power plant Chapter 15: Magnetized target fusion Chapter 16: Nuclear fusion-fission hybrid Chapter 17: Magnetized Liner Inertial Fusion Chapter 18: Plasma-facing material Chapter 19: Laser Inertial Fusion Energy Chapter 20: China Fusion Engineering Test Reactor Chapter 21: History of nuclear fusion (II) Answering the public top questions about fusion power. (III) Real world examples for the usage of fusion power in many fields. (IV) 17 appendices to explain, briefly, 266 emerging technologies in each industry to have 360-degree full understanding of fusion power' technologies. Who This Book Is For Professionals, undergraduate and graduate students, enthusiasts, hobbyists, and those who want to go beyond basic knowledge or information for any kind of fusion power.

What Is Home Fuel Cell An electrochemical cell may be used for either main or backup power production, and a house fuel cell or residential fuel cell is one such cell. They are comparable to the bigger industrial stationary fuel cells, however they are constructed on a more modest size for usage in domestic settings. In most cases, the technology behind these fuel cells is known as combined heat and power (CHP) or micro combined heat and power (Micro-CHP), and it allows them to produce not just electricity but also warm water or air. How You Will Benefit (I) Insights, and validations about the following topics: Chapter 1: Home fuel cell Chapter 2: Electricity generation Chapter 3: Distributed generation Chapter 4: Photovoltaics Chapter 5: Cogeneration Chapter 6: Micro combined heat and power Chapter 7: Thermophotovoltaic Chapter 8: Microgeneration Chapter 9: Renewable heat Chapter 10: Ground source heat pump Chapter 11: Financial incentives for photovoltaics Chapter 12: Feed-in tariff Chapter 13: Solar power Chapter 14: Solar power in the United States Chapter 15: Energy recycling Chapter 16: Photovoltaic system Chapter 17: Electrical energy efficiency on United States farms Chapter 18: Energy in Malta Chapter 19: Business Energy Investment Tax Credit Chapter 20: Renewable energy in Denmark Chapter 21: Net metering in New Mexico (II) Answering the public top questions about home fuel cell. (III) Real world examples for the usage of home fuel cell in many fields. (IV) 17 appendices to explain, briefly, 266 emerging technologies in each industry to have 360-degree full understanding of home fuel cell' technologies. Who This Book Is For Professionals, undergraduate and graduate students, enthusiasts, hobbyists, and those who want to go beyond basic knowledge or information for any kind of home fuel cell.

What Is Gravity Battery The energy that is stored in an item as a consequence of a change in height due to gravity is referred to as potential energy. A gravity battery is a sort of energy storage device that stores gravitational energy. Potential energy is another name for gravitational energy. In order for a gravity battery to function, surplus energy from the grid is first used to lift a mass, which then causes the mass to create gravitational potential energy. Once the mass is lowered, the gravitational potential energy is converted into electricity by an electric generator. A gravity battery is a kind of sustainable energy that may be used to create electricity. One kind of gravity battery is a device that generates energy by gradually lowering a mass, such as a block of concrete in this example. The most typical use for a gravity battery is in pumped-storage hydroelectricity, which involves the process of pumping water to higher altitudes for the purpose of storing energy before releasing it via water turbines in order to create power. How You Will Benefit (I) Insights, and validations about the following topics: Chapter 1: Gravity battery Chapter 2: Electricity generation Chapter 3: Hydropower Chapter 4: Potential energy Chapter 5: Energy storage Chapter 6: Distributed generation Chapter 7: Pumped-storage hydroelectricity Chapter 8: Grid energy storage Chapter 9: Peaking power plant Chapter 10: Off-the-grid Chapter 11: Microgeneration Chapter 12: Hybrid power Chapter 13: Stand-alone power system Chapter 14: Renewable energy in the United Kingdom Chapter 15: Solar power Chapter 16: Electricity sector in the United Kingdom Chapter 17: Variable renewable energy Chapter 18: Battery storage power station Chapter 19: Power-to-X Chapter 20: Tesla Megapack Chapter 21: Energy Vault (II) Answering the public top questions about gravity battery. (III) Real world examples for the usage of gravity battery in many fields. (IV) 17 appendices to explain, briefly, 266 emerging technologies in each industry to have 360-degree full understanding of gravity battery' technologies. Who This Book Is For Professionals, undergraduate and graduate students, enthusiasts, hobbyists, and those who want to go beyond basic knowledge or information for any kind of gravity battery.

What Is Lithium Air Battery The lithium-air battery, also known as the Li-air battery, is a kind of metal-air electrochemical cell or battery chemistry. It works by inducing a flow of current by the oxidation of lithium at the anode and the reduction of oxygen at the cathode. How You Will Benefit (I) Insights, and validations about the following topics: Chapter 1: Lithium-air battery Chapter 2: Electrode Chapter 3: Lithium-ion battery Chapter 4: Zinc-air battery Chapter 5: Nanobatteries Chapter 6: Lithium-ion capacitor Chapter 7: Lithium-sulfur battery Chapter 8: Thin-film lithium-ion battery Chapter 9: Solid-state battery Chapter 10: Nanoarchitectures for lithium-ion batteries Chapter 11: Metal-air electrochemical cell Chapter 12: Potassium-ion battery Chapter 13: Separator (electricity) Chapter 14: Sodium-ion battery Chapter 15: Peter Bruce Chapter 16: Aluminium-ion battery Chapter 17: Research in lithium-ion batteries Chapter 18: Magnesium battery Chapter 19: Glass battery Chapter 20: Calcium battery Chapter 21: History of the lithium-ion battery (II) Answering the public top questions about lithium air battery. (III) Real world examples for the usage of lithium air battery in many fields. (IV) 17 appendices to explain, briefly, 266 emerging technologies in each industry to have 360-degree full understanding of lithium air battery' technologies. Who This Book Is For Professionals, undergraduate and graduate students, enthusiasts, hobbyists, and those who want to go beyond basic knowledge or information for any kind of lithium air battery.

What Is Generation IV Reactor The Generation IV International Forum is doing research on the commercial viability of a number of different nuclear reactor designs that fall under the umbrella term "generation IV reactors."They are driven by many different purposes, some of which include increased safety, enhanced sustainability, increased efficiency, and reduced costs. How You Will Benefit (I) Insights, and validations about the following topics: Chapter 1: Generation IV reactor Chapter 2: Nuclear reactor Chapter 3: Breeder reactor Chapter 4: Fast-neutron reactor Chapter 5: Integral fast reactor Chapter 6: Molten salt reactor Chapter 7: Nuclear fuel Chapter 8: Supercritical water reactor Chapter 9: High-temperature gas reactor Chapter 10: Lead-cooled fast reactor Chapter 11: Sodium-cooled fast reactor Chapter 12: Thorium fuel cycle Chapter 13: Liquid metal cooled reactor Chapter 14: Online refuelling Chapter 15: Liquid fluoride thorium reactor Chapter 16: Traveling wave reactor Chapter 17: List of small modular reactor designs Chapter 18: TerraPower Chapter 19: BN-1200 reactor Chapter 20: Integral Molten Salt Reactor Chapter 21: BREST (reactor) (II) Answering the public top questions about generation iv reactor. (III) Real world examples for the usage of generation iv reactor in many fields. (IV) 17 appendices to explain, briefly, 266 emerging technologies in each industry to have 360-degree full understanding of generation iv reactor' technologies. Who This Book Is For Professionals, undergraduate and graduate students, enthusiasts, hobbyists, and those who want to go beyond basic knowledge or information for any kind of generation iv reactor.

What Is Magnesium Battery Batteries that use magnesium cations as the active charge carrying agents in solution and typically as the elemental anode of an electrochemical cell are referred to as magnesium batteries. Magnesium cations are found in magnesium. The chemistry of primary cells that are not rechargeable as well as rechargeable chemistry for secondary cells have both been researched. The production of magnesium primary cell batteries has been brought to a commercial level, and these batteries have found use as both reserve and general use batteries. How You Will Benefit (I) Insights, and validations about the following topics: Chapter 1: Magnesium battery Chapter 2: Lithium-ion battery Chapter 3: Lithium battery Chapter 4: Molten-salt battery Chapter 5: Lithium iron phosphate battery Chapter 6: Nanobatteries Chapter 7: Lithium-ion capacitor Chapter 8: Lithium-sulfur battery Chapter 9: Thin-film lithium-ion battery Chapter 10: Solid-state battery Chapter 11: Lithium-air battery Chapter 12: Potassium-ion battery Chapter 13: Sodium-ion battery Chapter 14: Peter Bruce Chapter 15: Aluminium-ion battery Chapter 16: Research in lithium-ion batteries Chapter 17: Magnesium sulfur battery Chapter 18: Glass battery Chapter 19: Calcium battery Chapter 20: Solid state silicon battery Chapter 21: History of the lithium-ion battery (II) Answering the public top questions about magnesium battery. (III) Real world examples for the usage of magnesium battery in many fields. (IV) 17 appendices to explain, briefly, 266 emerging technologies in each industry to have 360-degree full understanding of magnesium battery' technologies. Who This Book Is For Professionals, undergraduate and graduate students, enthusiasts, hobbyists, and those who want to go beyond basic knowledge or information for any kind of magnesium battery.

What Is Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery The lithium iron phosphate battery, often known as an LFP battery, is a form of lithium-ion battery that uses lithium iron phosphate as the cathode material. The anode of this battery is made up of a graphitic carbon electrode that has a metallic backing. The energy density of an LFP battery is lower than that of other common lithium ion battery types such as Nickel Manganese Cobalt (NMC) and Nickel Cobalt Aluminum (NCA), and it also has a lower operating voltage; CATL's LFP batteries are currently at 125 watt hours (Wh) per kg, up to possibly 160 Wh/kg with improved packing technology, while BYD's LFP batteries are at 150 Wh/kg, which is compared to over 300 Notably, the energy density of the Panasonic "2170" batteries that will be utilized in the Tesla Model 3 in the year 2020 is around 260 Wh/kg, which is approximately 70 percent of the value of its "pure chemicals." How You Will Benefit (I) Insights, and validations about the following topics: Chapter 1: Lithium iron phosphate battery Chapter 2: Lithium-ion battery Chapter 3: Rechargeable battery Chapter 4: Lithium polymer battery Chapter 5: John B. Goodenough Chapter 6: Lithium iron phosphate Chapter 7: Electric vehicle battery Chapter 8: Lithium-titanate battery Chapter 9: Solid-state battery Chapter 10: Lithium-air battery Chapter 11: Sodium-ion battery Chapter 12: Aluminium-ion battery Chapter 13: Comparison of commercial battery types Chapter 14: Research in lithium-ion batteries Chapter 15: Lithium hybrid organic battery Chapter 16: Magnesium battery Chapter 17: Glass battery Chapter 18: Lithium nickel cobalt aluminium oxides Chapter 19: Lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxides Chapter 20: Arumugam Manthiram Chapter 21: History of the lithium-ion battery (II) Answering the public top questions about lithium iron phosphate battery. (III) Real world examples for the usage of lithium iron phosphate battery in many fields. (IV) 17 appendices to explain, briefly, 266 emerging technologies in each industry to have 360-degree full understanding of lithium iron phosphate battery' technologies. Who This Book Is For Professionals, undergraduate and graduate students, enthusiasts, hobbyists, and those who want to go beyond basic knowledge or information for any kind of lithium iron phosphate battery.

What Is Optical Rectenna A rectenna that functions with either visible or infrared light is referred to as an optical rectenna. The transformation of electromagnetic waves into direct current electricity is accomplished using a rectenna, which is a circuit that consists of both an antenna and a diode. An optical rectenna would function in the same manner as a radio or microwave rectenna, but it would convert infrared or visible light into electricity instead of radio waves or microwaves. Rectennas have been in use for a long time. How You Will Benefit (I) Insights, and validations about the following topics: Chapter 1: Optical rectenna Chapter 2: Photodiode Chapter 3: Band gap Chapter 4: Gallium arsenide Chapter 5: Rectenna Chapter 6: Wide-bandgap semiconductor Chapter 7: Indium phosphide Chapter 8: Photodetector Chapter 9: Photovoltaic effect Chapter 10: Thermophotovoltaic Chapter 11: Hybrid solar cell Chapter 12: Third-generation photovoltaic cell Chapter 13: Multi-junction solar cell Chapter 14: Carbon nanotubes in photovoltaics Chapter 15: Organic solar cell Chapter 16: Solid Chapter 17: Shockley-Queisser limit Chapter 18: Transparent conducting film Chapter 19: Plasmonic solar cell Chapter 20: Solar cell research Chapter 21: Sun-free photovoltaics (II) Answering the public top questions about optical rectenna. (III) Real world examples for the usage of optical rectenna in many fields. (IV) 17 appendices to explain, briefly, 266 emerging technologies in each industry to have 360-degree full understanding of optical rectenna' technologies. Who This Book Is For Professionals, undergraduate and graduate students, enthusiasts, hobbyists, and those who want to go beyond basic knowledge or information for any kind of optical rectenna.

What Is Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) is a process that makes use of the temperature difference that exists in the ocean between the deeper, cooler waters and the warmer, shallower or surface waters in order to power a heat engine that generates useful work, most commonly in the form of electricity. OTEC is able to function with a capacity factor that is very high, and as a result, it is able to function in base load mode. How You Will Benefit (I) Insights, and validations about the following topics: Chapter 1: Ocean thermal energy conversion Chapter 2: Heat engine Chapter 3: Power station Chapter 4: Combined cycle power plant Chapter 5: Rankine cycle Chapter 6: Cogeneration Chapter 7: Chiller Chapter 8: Deep ocean water Chapter 9: Thermal power station Chapter 10: Solar desalination Chapter 11: Surface condenser Chapter 12: Binary cycle Chapter 13: Steam-electric power station Chapter 14: Osmotic power Chapter 15: Transcritical cycle Chapter 16: Deep water source cooling Chapter 17: Mist lift Chapter 18: Evaporator (marine) Chapter 19: Low-temperature thermal desalination Chapter 20: Copper in heat exchangers Chapter 21: Low-temperature distillation (II) Answering the public top questions about ocean thermal energy conversion. (III) Real world examples for the usage of ocean thermal energy conversion in many fields. (IV) 17 appendices to explain, briefly, 266 emerging technologies in each industry to have 360-degree full understanding of ocean thermal energy conversion' technologies. Who This Book Is For Professionals, undergraduate and graduate students, enthusiasts, hobbyists, and those who want to go beyond basic knowledge or information for any kind of ocean thermal energy conversion.

What Is Nanowire Battery The surface area of either one or both of the electrodes in a nanowire battery may be increased by the use of nanowires. Although many designs and iterations of the lithium-ion battery have been shown, none of them are yet ready for purchase on the market. All of these alternatives to the conventional graphite anode have the potential to enhance the performance of the battery. How You Will Benefit (I) Insights, and validations about the following topics: Chapter 1: Nanowire battery Chapter 2: Electrode Chapter 3: Lithium-ion battery Chapter 4: Nanobatteries Chapter 5: Nanodot Chapter 6: Lithium iron phosphate Chapter 7: Lithium-ion capacitor Chapter 8: Lithium-sulfur battery Chapter 9: Solid-state battery Chapter 10: Nanoball batteries Chapter 11: Nanoarchitectures for lithium-ion batteries Chapter 12: Lithium-air battery Chapter 13: Metal-air electrochemical cell Chapter 14: Potassium-ion battery Chapter 15: Sodium-ion battery Chapter 16: Aluminium-ion battery Chapter 17: Research in lithium-ion batteries Chapter 18: Lithium-silicon battery Chapter 19: Silicon nanowire Chapter 20: Oxycarbide glass Chapter 21: Solid state silicon battery (II) Answering the public top questions about nanowire battery. (III) Real world examples for the usage of nanowire battery in many fields. (IV) 17 appendices to explain, briefly, 266 emerging technologies in each industry to have 360-degree full understanding of nanowire battery' technologies. Who This Book Is For Professionals, undergraduate and graduate students, enthusiasts, hobbyists, and those who want to go beyond basic knowledge or information for any kind of nanowire battery.

What Is Magnonics Magnonics is a relatively new sub-field of current solid state physics that may be regarded a branch of the more established area of modern magnetism. The field of research known as magnonics brings together the study of waves and magnetism. The behavior of spin waves in nanostructure components is going to be the primary focus of this research project. Spin waves are essentially a propagating re-ordering of the magnetization in a material and originate from the precession of magnetic moments. This re-ordering of the magnetization causes spin waves to occur. The orbital and spin moments of the electron give rise to magnetic moments. However, the spin moment is the one that often makes the most significant contribution to the net magnetic moment. How You Will Benefit (I) Insights, and validations about the following topics: Chapter 1: Magnonics Chapter 2: Diamagnetism Chapter 3: Magnetism Chapter 4: Spintronics Chapter 5: Magnetic moment Chapter 6: Magnetic hysteresis Chapter 7: Magnon Chapter 8: Magnetostatics Chapter 9: Classical Heisenberg model Chapter 10: Spin wave Chapter 11: Larmor precession Chapter 12: Ferromagnetic resonance Chapter 13: Micromagnetics Chapter 14: Spin pumping Chapter 15: Magnetic domain Chapter 16: Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation Chapter 17: Landau-Lifshitz equation Chapter 18: Landau-Lifshitz model Chapter 19: Magnetization dynamics Chapter 20: Single domain (magnetic) Chapter 21: Spin engineering (II) Answering the public top questions about magnonics. (III) Real world examples for the usage of magnonics in many fields. (IV) 17 appendices to explain, briefly, 266 emerging technologies in each industry to have 360-degree full understanding of magnonics' technologies. Who This Book Is For Professionals, undergraduate and graduate students, enthusiasts, hobbyists, and those who want to go beyond basic knowledge or information for any kind of magnonics.

What Is Molten Salt Reactor A kind of nuclear fission reactor known as a molten salt reactor, or MSR for short, is one in which the main nuclear reactor coolant and/or the fuel is a mixture of molten salt. There have only ever been two MSRs in operation, and both of them were research reactors in the United States. The Molten-Salt Reactor Experiment of the 1960s aimed to prove the concept of a nuclear power plant that implements a thorium fuel cycle in a breeder reactor, whereas the Aircraft Reactor Experiment of the 1950s was primarily motivated by the compact size that the technique offers. The Aircraft Reactor Experiment was conducted in the 1950s. Increased research into Generation IV reactor designs started to reinvigorate interest in the technology, and as of September 2021, China was on the brink of beginning its TMSR-LF1 thorium MSR. This interest was sparked by the fact that numerous countries had projects using the technology. How You Will Benefit (I) Insights, and validations about the following topics: Chapter 1: Molten salt reactor Chapter 2: Nuclear reactor Chapter 3: Pebble-bed reactor Chapter 4: Breeder reactor Chapter 5: Fast-neutron reactor Chapter 6: Void coefficient Chapter 7: Passive nuclear safety Chapter 8: Nuclear fuel Chapter 9: Generation IV reactor Chapter 10: High-temperature gas reactor Chapter 11: Thorium fuel cycle Chapter 12: Alvin M. Weinberg Chapter 13: Molten-Salt Reactor Experiment Chapter 14: Liquid fluoride thorium reactor Chapter 15: FLiBe Chapter 16: Thorium-based nuclear power Chapter 17: Integral Molten Salt Reactor Chapter 18: ThorCon nuclear reactor Chapter 19: Dual fluid reactor Chapter 20: Stable salt reactor Chapter 21: TMSR-LF1 (II) Answering the public top questions about molten salt reactor. (III) Real world examples for the usage of molten salt reactor in many fields. (IV) 17 appendices to explain, briefly, 266 emerging technologies in each industry to have 360-degree full understanding of molten salt reactor' technologies. Who This Book Is For Professionals, undergraduate and graduate students, enthusiasts, hobbyists, and those who want to go beyond basic knowledge or information for any kind of molten salt reactor.

What Is Solid State Battery Instead of the liquid or polymer gel electrolytes found in lithium-ion or lithium polymer batteries, solid-state batteries make use of solid electrodes and a solid electrolyte. This kind of battery technology is known as solid-state battery technology. How You Will Benefit (I) Insights, and validations about the following topics: Chapter 1: Solid-state battery Chapter 2: Lithium-ion battery Chapter 3: Molten-salt battery Chapter 4: Nanobatteries Chapter 5: Lithium-ion capacitor Chapter 6: Rechargeable lithium-metal battery Chapter 7: Lithium-sulfur battery Chapter 8: Thin-film lithium-ion battery Chapter 9: Nanoarchitectures for lithium-ion batteries Chapter 10: Lithium-air battery Chapter 11: Metal-air electrochemical cell Chapter 12: Potassium-ion battery Chapter 13: Sodium-ion battery Chapter 14: Peter Bruce Chapter 15: Aluminium-ion battery Chapter 16: Research in lithium-ion batteries Chapter 17: Magnesium battery Chapter 18: Glass battery Chapter 19: Calcium battery Chapter 20: Lithium aluminium germanium phosphate Chapter 21: Solid state silicon battery (II) Answering the public top questions about solid state battery. (III) Real world examples for the usage of solid state battery in many fields. (IV) 17 appendices to explain, briefly, 266 emerging technologies in each industry to have 360-degree full understanding of solid state battery' technologies. Who This Book Is For Professionals, undergraduate and graduate students, enthusiasts, hobbyists, and those who want to go beyond basic knowledge or information for any kind of solid state battery.

What Is Thorium Fuel Cycle The fertile material in the thorium fuel cycle is an isotope of thorium called 232Th, and the thorium fuel cycle itself is a kind of nuclear fuel cycle. Within the reactor, 232Th is converted into the fissile artificial uranium isotope 233U, which is then used as the fuel for the nuclear reactor. Natural thorium, in contrast to natural uranium, only contains minute quantities of fissile material, which is insufficient to kick off a nuclear chain reaction. In order to kickstart the fuel cycle, either more fissile material or an other neutron source is required. 233U is created when 232Th, which is powered by thorium, absorbs neutrons in a reactor. This is analogous to the process that occurs in uranium breeder reactors, in which fertile 238U is subjected to neutron absorption in order to produce fissile 239Pu. The produced 233U either fissions in situ or is chemically removed from the old nuclear fuel and converted into new nuclear fuel, depending on the architecture of the reactor and the fuel cycle. Fissioning in situ is the more efficient method. How You Will Benefit (I) Insights, and validations about the following topics: Chapter 1: Thorium fuel cycle Chapter 2: Nuclear reactor Chapter 3: Radioactive waste Chapter 4: Fissile material Chapter 5: Nuclear fuel cycle Chapter 6: MOX fuel Chapter 7: Breeder reactor Chapter 8: Uranium-238 Chapter 9: Energy amplifier Chapter 10: Subcritical reactor Chapter 11: Integral fast reactor Chapter 12: Fertile material Chapter 13: Uranium-233 Chapter 14: Plutonium-239 Chapter 15: Isotopes of uranium Chapter 16: Isotopes of plutonium Chapter 17: Weapons-grade nuclear material Chapter 18: Uranium-236 Chapter 19: Burnup Chapter 20: Liquid fluoride thorium reactor Chapter 21: Nuclear transmutation (II) Answering the public top questions about thorium fuel cycle. (III) Real world examples for the usage of thorium fuel cycle in many fields. (IV) 17 appendices to explain, briefly, 266 emerging technologies in each industry to have 360-degree full understanding of thorium fuel cycle' technologies. Who This Book Is For Professionals, undergraduate and graduate students, enthusiasts, hobbyists, and those who want to go beyond basic knowledge or information for any kind of thorium fuel cycle.

What Is Smart Grid A smart grid is a kind of electrical grid that incorporates a number of different management and energy-saving methods, such as the following: infrastructure for advanced metering technologiesIntelligent circuit breakers and distribution boards that are linked with home control systems and demand response systemsSmart appliances and load control switches, which are often subsidized by efficiencies gained in municipal programs.Resources for renewable energy, include the ability to charge batteries that have been parked, bigger arrays of batteries that have been recycled from these, or other forms of energy storage.Resources that use little to no energyenough utility-grade fiber bandwidth to link and monitor the aforementioned components, with wireless connectivity serving as a backup option. A sufficient amount of spare capacity in the event that it goes "black," which is typically leased out for financial gain. How You Will Benefit (I) Insights, and validations about the following topics: Chapter 1: Smart grid Chapter 2: Power-line communication Chapter 3: Distributed generation Chapter 4: Electric power industry Chapter 5: Electricity meter Chapter 6: Energy management system Chapter 7: Energy demand management Chapter 8: Demand response Chapter 9: Microgrid Chapter 10: Grid friendly Chapter 11: Advanced Distribution Automation Chapter 12: Load profile Chapter 13: Phasor measurement unit Chapter 14: Load management Chapter 15: Electricity pricing Chapter 16: Electrical grid Chapter 17: Smart grids by country Chapter 18: Smart grid policy in the United States Chapter 19: Smart Grid Energy Research Center Chapter 20: Transactive energy Chapter 21: Mini-grid (II) Answering the public top questions about smart grid. (III) Real world examples for the usage of smart grid in many fields. (IV) 17 appendices to explain, briefly, 266 emerging technologies in each industry to have 360-degree full understanding of smart grid' technologies. Who This Book Is For Professionals, undergraduate and graduate students, enthusiasts, hobbyists, and those who want to go beyond basic knowledge or information for any kind of smart grid.

What Is Space Based Solar Power The notion of space-based solar power refers to the gathering of solar energy in outer space by solar power satellites (SPS) and the subsequent transmission of that energy to Earth. Outside of the atmosphere, sunlight is able to shine for longer periods of time and is brighter overall. Solar power systems that are stationed in space are able to transform sunlight into another kind of energy that is then able to be sent via the atmosphere to receivers located on the surface of the earth. Those who are looking for answers on a massive scale to problems like anthropogenic climate change or the depletion of fossil fuels may find it appealing. How You Will Benefit (I) Insights, and validations about the following topics: Chapter 1: Space-based solar power Chapter 2: Spacecraft propulsion Chapter 3: Space colonization Chapter 4: Solar sail Chapter 5: Beam-powered propulsion Chapter 6: Starwisp Chapter 7: Lightcraft Chapter 8: Rectenna Chapter 9: Laser propulsion Chapter 10: Wireless power transfer Chapter 11: Chang'e 1 Chapter 12: Lunar space elevator Chapter 13: Project Echo Chapter 14: NASA Institute for Advanced Concepts Chapter 15: Lunar habitation Chapter 16: Thinned-array curse Chapter 17: LADEE Chapter 18: Stationary High Altitude Relay Platform Chapter 19: Thermal rocket Chapter 20: Lunar Flashlight Chapter 21: Queqiao relay satellite (II) Answering the public top questions about space based solar power. (III) Real world examples for the usage of space based solar power in many fields. (IV) 17 appendices to explain, briefly, 266 emerging technologies in each industry to have 360-degree full understanding of space based solar power' technologies. Who This Book Is For Professionals, undergraduate and graduate students, enthusiasts, hobbyists, and those who want to go beyond basic knowledge or information for any kind of space based solar power.

What Is Vortex Engine The idea of a vortex engine, also known as an atmospheric vortex engine (AVE), was separately conceived by both Norman Louat and Louis M. Michaud. Its primary objective is to replace the use of enormous physical chimneys with a smaller, less costly structure that generates a vortex of air. The AVE is responsible for inducing ground-level vorticity, which ultimately leads to the formation of a vortex that is analogous to a naturally occurring landspout or waterspout. How You Will Benefit (I) Insights, and validations about the following topics: Chapter 1: Vortex engine Chapter 2: Engine Chapter 3: Jet engine Chapter 4: Turbine Chapter 5: Power station Chapter 6: Solar updraft tower Chapter 7: Mesocyclone Chapter 8: Brayton cycle Chapter 9: Solar thermal energy Chapter 10: Solar thermal collector Chapter 11: Energy tower (downdraft) Chapter 12: Index of meteorology articles Chapter 13: List of energy resources Chapter 14: Airborne wind energy Chapter 15: Engine efficiency Chapter 16: Unconventional wind turbines Chapter 17: Energy tower (disambiguation) Chapter 18: Atmospheric convection Chapter 19: Fan (machine) Chapter 20: Secondary flow Chapter 21: Glossary of meteorology (II) Answering the public top questions about vortex engine. (III) Real world examples for the usage of vortex engine in many fields. (IV) 17 appendices to explain, briefly, 266 emerging technologies in each industry to have 360-degree full understanding of vortex engine' technologies. Who This Book Is For Professionals, undergraduate and graduate students, enthusiasts, hobbyists, and those who want to go beyond basic knowledge or information for any kind of vortex engine.

What Is Zero Energy Building A Zero Energy Building (ZEB), also known as a Net Zero Energy (NZE) building or a Zero Net Energy (ZNE) building, is a building with net zero energy consumption. This means that the total amount of energy used by the building on an annual basis is equal to the amount of renewable energy created on the site or in other definitions by renewable energy sources offsite, using technology such as heat pumps, high efficiency windows and insulation, and solar panels. Other names for this type of building include a Zero Net Energy During their lifetimes, these structures should be able to release into the atmosphere an amount of greenhouse gases that is lower, on average, than that of comparable non-ZNE structures. There are times when they emit greenhouse gases and utilize nonrenewable sources of energy, but there are also times when they decrease the use of energy and the generation of greenhouse gases in other places by the same amount. The pursuit of zero-energy buildings is motivated not only by a desire to have a less negative influence on the surrounding environment, but also by a desire to save money. The financial viability of zero-energy buildings is ensured by the availability of tax benefits and savings on energy expenditures. The virtually Zero Energy Building (nZEB) initiative is a similar idea that has been accepted and executed by the European Union and other cooperating nations. The objective of the initiative is to have all newly constructed buildings in the area comply with the nZEB criteria by the year 2020. How You Will Benefit (I) Insights, and validations about the following topics: Chapter 1: Zero-energy building Chapter 2: Renewable energy Chapter 3: Solar energy Chapter 4: BedZED Chapter 5: Solar water heating Chapter 6: Environmental impact of electricity generation Chapter 7: Sustainable energy Chapter 8: Low-energy house Chapter 9: Energy-plus building Chapter 10: Passive house Chapter 11: Sustainable architecture Chapter 12: Microgeneration Chapter 13: Renewable heat Chapter 14: Energy efficiency in British housing Chapter 15: Solar air conditioning Chapter 16: Solar power Chapter 17: BrightBuilt Barn Chapter 18: Green retrofit Chapter 19: Creative Energy Homes Chapter 20: Zero carbon housing Chapter 21: Zero heating building (II) Answering the public top questions about zero energy building. (III) Real world examples for the usage of zero energy building in many fields. (IV) 17 appendices to explain, briefly, 266 emerging technologies in each industry to have 360-degree full understanding of zero energy building' technologies. Who This Book Is For Professionals, undergraduate and graduate students, enthusiasts, hobbyists, and those who want to go beyond basic knowledge or information for any kind of zero energy building.

What Is Wireless Power Transfer The transmission of electrical energy in the absence of cables as a physical connection is referred to variously as wireless power transfer (WPT), wireless power transmission (WPT), wireless energy transmission (WET), or electromagnetic power transfer (EPT). In a system for wirelessly transmitting power, a transmitter device is propelled by electric power derived from a power source. This drives the device to generate a time-varying electromagnetic field, which in turn transmits power across space to a receiver device. The receiver device then extracts power from the field and supplies it to an electrical load. By removing the need for cables and batteries, the technology of wireless power transfer may increase the portability, convenience, and safety of an electronic gadget for all of its users. It is helpful to employ wireless power transmission in order to power electrical equipment in situations where physically connecting cables would be difficult, harmful, or otherwise impossible. How You Will Benefit (I) Insights, and validations about the following topics: Chapter 1: Wireless power transfer Chapter 2: Microwave Chapter 3: Electromagnetic compatibility Chapter 4: Antenna (radio) Chapter 5: Klystron Chapter 6: Near and far field Chapter 7: Index of electronics articles Chapter 8: Resonator Chapter 9: Spark-gap transmitter Chapter 10: Loop antenna Chapter 11: Index of electrical engineering articles Chapter 12: Grid dip oscillator Chapter 13: Coupling (electronics) Chapter 14: Inductive charging Chapter 15: Dielectric resonator antenna Chapter 16: WREL (technology) Chapter 17: Resonant inductive coupling Chapter 18: Qi (standard) Chapter 19: Magnetoquasistatic field Chapter 20: Glossary of electrical and electronics engineering Chapter 21: History of the Tesla coil (II) Answering the public top questions about wireless power transfer. (III) Real world examples for the usage of wireless power transfer in many fields. (IV) 17 appendices to explain, briefly, 266 emerging technologies in each industry to have 360-degree full understanding of wireless power transfer' technologies. Who This Book Is For Professionals, undergraduate and graduate students, enthusiasts, hobbyists, and those who want to go beyond basic knowledge or information for any kind of wireless power transfer.