A Simple Guide to Capillary Leak Syndrome, Diagnosis, Treatment and Related Conditions

By Kenneth Kee

This book describes Capillary Leak Syndrome, Diagnosis and Treatment and Related Diseases

Capillary leak syndrome is a rare but important medical disorder since it can cause the blood pressure to drop rapidly and therefore life threatening.

Just like a leaking gut which can cause problem in the intestines. Capillary leak syndrome produces:
A rapid drop in blood pressure,
Swelling in the arms and legs, and
Thickened blood

This requires instant treatment to prevent a drop in blood pressure and other serious complications.

This disorder may start on its own (Systemic or Primary), or it may be activated by another illness or medicine (Secondary Capillary Leak Syndrome).

Capillary leak syndrome (CLS) is a rare disorder where the plasma in the blood leaks from the capillaries (small blood vessels) into surrounding tissues in the body

The plasma leaks into muscles, tissues, organs and body cavities (spaces that hold organs) and produces swelling of legs and arms (peripheral edema).

If capillary leak syndrome is not treated instantly, the blood pressure may drop rapidly, resulting in organ failure and even death.

While there is no cure for capillary leak syndrome, it is vital to obtain prompt medical treatment to treat symptoms.

The patient may be able to avoid future incidents of systemic capillary leak syndrome with regular use of medicines or infusions.

Primary or systemic capillary leak syndrome or Clarkson’s disease happens when there are repeat incidents or attacks normally in otherwise healthy people.

More than 50% of people with primary capillary leak syndrome have monoclonal “M” protein that can be found in their blood

Another theory is that the cells lining the capillaries may become injured by some factor in the blood during an attack, resulting in more incidents in the future.

Secondary capillary leak syndrome happens when there is a single attack activated by another disease, disorder or medicine.

Another health disorder normally activates it such as a virus, autoimmune disorder.

It may also be activated by some types of medicine.

Each attack normally involves three phases:

Prodromal phase:

This phase happens 1 to 2 days before the attack.

This phase involves the sensations or symptoms the patient feel before an attack happens.

The patient may begin having symptoms such as upper respiratory symptoms, dizziness, fatigue, thirst and sudden weight gain.

Capillary leak (resuscitation) phase:

This is the attack phase and may persist up to 3 days with leakage of fluids and albumin (protein in blood plasma) from the capillaries and into tissue spaces, organs, muscles, or other areas.

When this happens, blood pressure drops, the blood volume declines, and the blood is thickened.

The flow of blood that brings oxygen to the tissues slows down.

The blood pressure drops and the red blood cells build up, thickening the blood.

This leakage leads to hypovolemia when the volume of blood in the body diminishes.

Recovery (recruitment) phase:

This recovery phase happens after the attack when the capillaries begin to absorb the fluid back.

The capillaries reabsorb the fluids and albumin from the tissues, inducing a fluid overload.

The person may then pass too much urine (polyuria) and develop fluid in the lungs (pulmonary edema).

Glucocorticoids and Fluid therapy are urgent medical treatment to restore blood pressure

The administration of immunoglobulins with minimal extra intravenous fluids is safe and prevent recurrence..

TABLE OF CONTENT
Introduction
Chapter 1 Capillary Leak Syndrome
Chapter 2 Causes
Chapter 3 Symptoms
Chapter 4 Diagnosis
Chapter 5 Treatment
Chapter 6 Prognosis
Chapter 7 Edema (Water Retention)
Chapter 8 Polycythemia Vera
Epilogue

• Language: English
• Publisher: Kenneth Kee
• Release date: Sep 25, 2022
• ISBN: 9781005228682

Kenneth Kee

Medical doctor since 1972.Started Kee Clinic in 1974 at 15 Holland Dr #03-102, relocated to 36 Holland Dr #01-10 in 2009.Did my M.Sc (Health Management ) in 1991 and Ph.D (Healthcare Administration) in 1993.Dr Kenneth Kee is still working as a family doctor at the age of 74However he has reduced his consultation hours to 3 hours in the morning and 2 hours inthe afternoon.He first started writing free blogs on medical disorders seen in the clinic in 2007 on http://kennethkee.blogspot.com.His purpose in writing these simple guides was for the health education of his patients which is also his dissertation for his Ph.D (Healthcare Administration). He then wrote an autobiography account of his journey as a medical student to family doctor on his other blog http://afamilydoctorstale.blogspot.comThis autobiography account “A Family Doctor’s Tale” was combined with his early “A Simple Guide to Medical Disorders” into a new Wordpress Blog “A Family Doctor’s Tale” on http://ken-med.com.From which many free articles from the blog was taken and put together into 1000 eBooks.He apologized for typos and spelling mistakes in his earlier books.He will endeavor to improve the writing in futures.Some people have complained that the simple guides are too simple.For their information they are made simple in order to educate the patients.The later books go into more details of medical disorders.He has published 1000 eBooks on various subjects on health, 1 autobiography of his medical journey, another on the autobiography of a Cancer survivor, 2 children stories and one how to study for his nephew and grand-daughter.The purpose of these simple guides is to educate patient on health disorders and not meant as textbooks.He does not do any night duty since 2000 ever since Dr Tan had his second stroke.His clinic is now relocated to the Buona Vista Community Centre.The 2 units of his original clinic are being demolished to make way for a new Shopping Mall.He is now doing some blogging and internet surfing (bulletin boards since the 1980's) startingwith the Apple computer and going to PC.The entire PC is upgraded by himself from XT to the present Pentium duo core.The present Intel i7 CPU is out of reach at the moment because the CPU is still expensive.He is also into DIY changing his own toilet cistern and other electric appliance.His hunger for knowledge has not abated and he is a lifelong learner.The children have all grown up and there are 2 grandchildren who are even more technically advanced than the grandfather where mobile phones are concerned.This book is taken from some of the many articles in his blog (now with 740 posts) A Family Doctor’s Tale.Dr Kee is the author of:"A Family Doctor's Tale""Life Lessons Learned From The Study And Practice Of Medicine""Case Notes From A Family Doctor"

Book preview

A

Simple

Guide

To

Capillary Leak Syndrome,

Diagnosis,

Treatment

And

Related Conditions

By

Dr Kenneth Kee

M.B.,B.S. (Singapore)

Ph.D (Healthcare Administration)

Copyright Kenneth Kee 2022 Smashwords Edition

Published by Kenneth Kee at Smashwords.com

Dedication

This book is dedicated

To my wife Dorothy

And my children

Carolyn, Grace

And Kelvin

This book describes Capillary Leak Syndrome, Diagnosis and Treatment and Related Diseases which is seen in some of my patients in my Family Clinic.

(What You Need to Treat Capillary Leak Syndrome)

This e-Book is licensed for your personal enjoyment only. This eBook may not be re-sold or given away to other people. If you would like to share this book with another person, please purchase an additional copy for each reader.

If you’re reading this book and did not purchase it, or it was not purchased for your use only, then please return to Smashwords.com and purchase your own copy.

Thank you for respecting the hard work of this author.

Introduction

I have been writing medical articles for my blog: http://kennethkee.blogspot.com (A Simple Guide to Medical Disorder) for the benefit of my patients since 2007.

My purpose in writing these simple guides was for the health education of my patients.

Health Education was also my dissertation for my Ph.D (Healthcare Administration).

I then wrote an autobiography account of my journey as a medical student to family doctor on my other blog: http://afamilydoctorstale.blogspot.com.

This autobiography account A Family Doctor’s Tale was combined with my early A Simple Guide to Medical Disorders into a new Wordpress Blog A Family Doctor’s Tale on http://kenkee481.wordpress.com.

From which many free articles from the blog was taken and put together into 800 eBooks.

Some people have complained that the simple guides are too simple.

For their information they are made simple in order to educate the patients.

The later books go into more details of medical disorders.

The first chapter is always from my earlier blogs which unfortunately tends to have typos and spelling mistakes.

Since 2013, I have tried to improve my spelling and writing.

As I tried to bring the patient the latest information about a disorder or illness by reading the latest journals both online and offline, I find that I am learning more and improving on my own medical knowledge in diagnosis and treatment for my patients.

My diagnosis and treatment capability has improved tremendously from my continued education.

Just by writing all these simple guides I find that I have learned a lot from your reviews (good or bad), criticism and advice.

I am sorry for the repetitions in these simple guides as the second chapters onwards have new information as compared to my first chapter taken from my blog.

I also find repetition definitely help me and maybe some readers to remember the facts in the books more easily.

I apologize if these repetitions are irritating to some readers.

Chapter 1

Capillary Leak Syndrome

Capillary leak syndrome happens when plasma (the fluid portion of the blood) leaks from the small blood vessels (capillaries) and into the surrounding tissues (muscles, organs, body cavity).

This requires instant treatment to prevent a drop in blood pressure and other serious complications.

This disorder may start on its own, or it may be activated by another illness or medicine.

Regardless of how it begins, capillary leak syndrome normally manifests in the same way:

1. A rapid drop in blood pressure,

2. Swelling in the arms and legs, and

3. Thickened blood.

Capillary leak syndrome cannot be cured but the patient can prevent episodes by taking medicines as prescribed.

What is Capillary leak syndrome?

Capillary leak syndrome (CLS) is a rare disorder where the plasma in the blood leaks from the capillaries (small blood vessels) into surrounding tissues in the body

The plasma leaks into muscles, tissues, organs and body cavities (spaces that hold organs) and produces swelling of legs and arms (peripheral edema).

Capillary leak syndrome attacks, or episodes, can happen several times a year or only once.

If capillary leak syndrome is not treated instantly, the blood pressure may drop rapidly, resulting in organ failure