Pancreatic Islets, Functions, Diseases, A Simple Guide To The Condition, Diagnosis, Treatment And Related Conditions

By Kenneth Kee

This book describes Pancreatic Islet Cell, Functions, Diseases, Diagnosis and Treatment and Related Diseases
The pancreas is an endocrine system and a glandular organ in the digestive system of humans.

It is both:

1. An endocrine gland in the Islets of Langerhans producing several important hormones such as insulin, glucagon, somatostatin and pancreatic polypeptide.

2. A digestive organ, secreting pancreatic juice containing digestive enzymes that assist the absorption of nutrients and the digestion in the small intestine
A healthy human pancreas contains about three million of the islet cells but their total weight is only 1 to 1.5 grams (0.03 to 0.05 ounces) or about 1% of the weight of the pancreas.
The majority of the pancreas is composed of acinar cells (99% of pancreas)
The pancreas is a solid gland measuring 20-25cm in length, 4-6cm in width and 3-4cm in depth.
It is firmly attached in the back of the abdominal cavity behind the stomach
The pancreas is a mixture of two glands, the exocrine pancreas and the endocrine pancreas.
1. The exocrine pancreas releases substances into the intestine.
2. The endocrine pancreas releases substances into the bloodstream.
The two glands function together during meals:
1. To help digest the food (the exocrine pancreas).
2. To inform the rest of the body that food is being digested and absorbed and on their way to other cells of the body (the endocrine pancreas).
Pancreatic Islets Cells
There are about 3 million islets spread in the form of density paths throughout the pancreas of a healthy adult human, each of which measures an average of about 0.1 mm (109 μm) in diameter
Each is detached from the adjoining pancreatic tissue by a thin fibrous connective tissue capsule which is constant with the fibrous connective tissue that is connected with the rest of the pancreas
The pancreatic islets make up 1-2% of the pancreas volume and receive 10–15% of its blood flow.
The endocrine pancreas has five types of cells:
1.Alpha cells secrete glucagon (increase glucose in blood),
2.Beta cells secrete insulin (decrease glucose in blood),
3.Delta cells secrete somatostatin (regulates/stops alpha and beta cells), and
4.PP cells or gamma cells (secrete pancreatic polypeptide).
5.Epsilon cells produce ghrelin (

• Language: English
• Publisher: Kenneth Kee
• Release date: Jan 24, 2019
• ISBN: 9780463533123

Kenneth Kee

Medical doctor since 1972.Started Kee Clinic in 1974 at 15 Holland Dr #03-102, relocated to 36 Holland Dr #01-10 in 2009.Did my M.Sc (Health Management ) in 1991 and Ph.D (Healthcare Administration) in 1993.Dr Kenneth Kee is still working as a family doctor at the age of 74However he has reduced his consultation hours to 3 hours in the morning and 2 hours inthe afternoon.He first started writing free blogs on medical disorders seen in the clinic in 2007 on http://kennethkee.blogspot.com.His purpose in writing these simple guides was for the health education of his patients which is also his dissertation for his Ph.D (Healthcare Administration). He then wrote an autobiography account of his journey as a medical student to family doctor on his other blog http://afamilydoctorstale.blogspot.comThis autobiography account “A Family Doctor’s Tale” was combined with his early “A Simple Guide to Medical Disorders” into a new Wordpress Blog “A Family Doctor’s Tale” on http://ken-med.com.From which many free articles from the blog was taken and put together into 1000 eBooks.He apologized for typos and spelling mistakes in his earlier books.He will endeavor to improve the writing in futures.Some people have complained that the simple guides are too simple.For their information they are made simple in order to educate the patients.The later books go into more details of medical disorders.He has published 1000 eBooks on various subjects on health, 1 autobiography of his medical journey, another on the autobiography of a Cancer survivor, 2 children stories and one how to study for his nephew and grand-daughter.The purpose of these simple guides is to educate patient on health disorders and not meant as textbooks.He does not do any night duty since 2000 ever since Dr Tan had his second stroke.His clinic is now relocated to the Buona Vista Community Centre.The 2 units of his original clinic are being demolished to make way for a new Shopping Mall.He is now doing some blogging and internet surfing (bulletin boards since the 1980's) startingwith the Apple computer and going to PC.The entire PC is upgraded by himself from XT to the present Pentium duo core.The present Intel i7 CPU is out of reach at the moment because the CPU is still expensive.He is also into DIY changing his own toilet cistern and other electric appliance.His hunger for knowledge has not abated and he is a lifelong learner.The children have all grown up and there are 2 grandchildren who are even more technically advanced than the grandfather where mobile phones are concerned.This book is taken from some of the many articles in his blog (now with 740 posts) A Family Doctor’s Tale.Dr Kee is the author of:"A Family Doctor's Tale""Life Lessons Learned From The Study And Practice Of Medicine""Case Notes From A Family Doctor"

Book preview

Pancreatic Islets,

Functions, Diseases,

A

Simple

Guide

To

The Condition,

Diagnosis,

Treatment

And

Related Conditions

By

Dr Kenneth Kee

M.B.,B.S. (Singapore)

Ph.D (Healthcare Administration)

Copyright Kenneth Kee 2019 Smashwords Edition

Published by Kenneth Kee at Smashwords.com

Dedication

This book is dedicated

To my wife Dorothy

And my children

Carolyn, Grace

And Kelvin

This book describes Pancreatic Islet Cell, Functions, Diseases, Diagnosis and Treatment and Related Diseases which is seen in some of my patients in my Family Clinic.

(What You Need to Treat Pancreatic Islet Cell, Functions, Diseases)

This eBook is licensed for your personal enjoyment only. This eBook may not be re-sold or given away to other people. If you would like to share this book with another person, please purchase an additional copy for each reader.

If you’re reading this book and did not purchase it, or it was not purchased for your use only, then please return to Smashwords.com and purchase your own copy.

Thank you for respecting the hard work of this author.

Introduction

I have been writing medical articles for my blog: http://kennethkee.blogspot.com (A Simple Guide to Medical Disorder) for the benefit of my patients since 2007.

My purpose in writing these simple guides was for the health education of my patients.

Health Education was also my dissertation for my Ph.D (Healthcare Administration).

I then wrote an autobiolographical account of his journey as a medical student to family doctor on his other blog: http://afamilydoctorstale.blogspot.com.

This autobiolographical account A Family Doctor’s Tale was combined with my early A Simple Guide to Medical Disorders into a new Wordpress Blog A Family Doctor’s Tale on http://kenkee481.wordpress.com.

From which many free articles from the blog was taken and put together into 800 eBooks.

Some people have complained that the simple guides are too simple.

For their information they are made simple in order to educate the patients.

The later books go into more details of medical disorders.

The first chapter is always from my earlier blogs which unfortunately tends to have typos and spelling mistakes.

Since 2013, I have tried to improve my spelling and writing.

As I tried to bring the patient the latest information about a disorder or illness by reading the latest journals both online and offline, I find that I am learning more and improving on my own medical knowledge in diagnosis and treatment for my patients.

Just by writing all these simple guides I find that I have learned a lot from your reviews (good or bad), criticism and advice.

I am sorry for the repetitions in these simple guides as the second chapters onwards have new information as compared to my first chapter taken from my blog.

I also find repetition definitely help me and maybe some readers to remember the facts in the books more easily.

I apologize if these repetitions are irritating to some readers.

Chapter 1

Pancreatic Islet Cell

The pancreas is an endocrine system and a glandular organ in the digestive system of humans.

It is both:

1. An endocrine gland in the Islets of Langerhans producing several important hormones such as insulin, glucagon, somatostatin and pancreatic polypeptide.

2. A digestive organ, secreting pancreatic juice containing digestive enzymes that assist the absorption of nutrients and the digestion in the small intestine

A healthy human pancreas contains about three million of the islet cells but their total weight is only 1 to 1.5 grams (0.03 to 0.05 ounces) or about 1% of the weight of the pancreas.

The pancreas is a solid gland measuring 20-25cm in length, 4-6cm in width and 3-4cm in depth.

It is firmly attached in the back of the abdominal cavity behind the stomach.

The pancreas is divided into 5 parts

1. The head,

2. The uncinate process,

3. The neck,

4. The body

5. The tail.

1. The head of the gland is closely connected to the duodenum which is the first part of the small intestine into which the stomach empties liquids and partially digested food.

The head of the gland is located just to the right of the midline of the abdomen and below the right rib-cage.

2. The uncinate process is an extension of the lower part of the head of the gland which surrounds important blood vessels.

3. The neck is the constricted part between the head and the body.

4. The body lies behind the stomach.

5. The tail is the left end of