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    A Simple Guide to Pancreas Disorders, Diagnosis, Treatment and Related Conditions
    A Simple Guide to Pancreas Disorders, Diagnosis, Treatment and Related Conditions
    A Simple Guide to Pancreas Disorders, Diagnosis, Treatment and Related Conditions
    Ebook236 pages2 hours

    A Simple Guide to Pancreas Disorders, Diagnosis, Treatment and Related Conditions

    By Kenneth Kee

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    About this ebook

    This book describes Pancreas Disorders, Diagnosis and Treatment and Related Diseases

    The pancreas is a small organ in the digestive system and endocrine system:

    1. An endocrine gland (Islet cell 1%) producing several important hormones such as insulin, glucagon, somatostatin and pancreatic polypeptide.

    2. A digestive organ (Ductal Cell 99%), secreting pancreatic juice containing digestive enzymes that help the absorption of nutrients and the digestion in the small intestine

    The pancreas is a firm gland measuring 20-25cm in length, 4-6cm in width and 3-4cm in depth, firmly tucked in the back of the abdominal cavity behind the stomach.

    The pancreas does 2 important functions:
    1. It produces enzymes which are necessary to digest food in the intestines.
    2. It secretes insulin to enable every part of the body to use glucose (sugar).

    Digestion

    Food is first partially broken down by the acid and churning action of the stomach.

    After 1-2 hours food is slowly passed into the duodenum through the pylorus.

    As it travels along the rest of the small bowel, the food is broken down into tiny particles.

    Nutrients are absorbed by the small intestine and used for energy and maintaining strong muscles and bones.

    Unwanted substance passes into the large bowel and after 24 hours or so is passed out as stool through the rectum and anus.

    Digestion of food which comprises carbohydrates (e.g. potato), proteins (e.g. meat) and fat (e.g. butter) is not possible without the function of the pancreas.

    Groups of glands in the pancreas called acini produce 30 or so different enzymes each of which is accountable for breaking down clumps of different types of food into small particles for absorption.

    These enzymes are secreted from the small glands in the pancreas into the small ducts and finally into the main pancreatic duct to be passed into the duodenum.

    The enzymes when they are first produced in the acini are not active otherwise they could digest the pancreas.

    When they pass into the duodenum, they are made active by the juice of the duodenum.

    The main enzymes are:
    1. Amylase for digesting carbohydrates,
    2. Trypsin for digesting proteins and
    3. Lipase for digesting fats.

    If there are not sufficient pancreatic enzymes, fat is not digested and the stools become pale and greasy.

    Endocrine Function

    A healthy human pancreas contains about three million of these islet cells but their total weight is only 1 to 1.5 grams (0.03 to 0.05 ounces), or about 1% of the weight of the pancreas.

    The islets of Langerhans produce hormones (insulin, glucagons, somatostatin) that help to control levels of sugar (glucose) in the blood.

    Dispersed throughout the pancreas, the islets of Langerhans are made up of 5 specific types of cells.
    1. Alpha cells secrete glucagon (increase glucose in blood),
    2. Beta cells release insulin (reduce glucose in blood),
    3. Delta cells secrete somatostatin (regulates/stops alpha and beta cells), and
    4. PP cells or gamma cells (secrete pancreatic polypeptide).
    5. Epsilon cells producing ghrelin (

    LanguageEnglish
    PublisherKenneth Kee
    Release dateJun 28, 2021
    ISBN9781005007607
    A Simple Guide to Pancreas Disorders, Diagnosis, Treatment and Related Conditions
    Author

    Kenneth Kee

    Medical doctor since 1972.Started Kee Clinic in 1974 at 15 Holland Dr #03-102, relocated to 36 Holland Dr #01-10 in 2009.Did my M.Sc (Health Management ) in 1991 and Ph.D (Healthcare Administration) in 1993.Dr Kenneth Kee is still working as a family doctor at the age of 74However he has reduced his consultation hours to 3 hours in the morning and 2 hours inthe afternoon.He first started writing free blogs on medical disorders seen in the clinic in 2007 on http://kennethkee.blogspot.com.His purpose in writing these simple guides was for the health education of his patients which is also his dissertation for his Ph.D (Healthcare Administration). He then wrote an autobiography account of his journey as a medical student to family doctor on his other blog http://afamilydoctorstale.blogspot.comThis autobiography account “A Family Doctor’s Tale” was combined with his early “A Simple Guide to Medical Disorders” into a new Wordpress Blog “A Family Doctor’s Tale” on http://ken-med.com.From which many free articles from the blog was taken and put together into 1000 eBooks.He apologized for typos and spelling mistakes in his earlier books.He will endeavor to improve the writing in futures.Some people have complained that the simple guides are too simple.For their information they are made simple in order to educate the patients.The later books go into more details of medical disorders.He has published 1000 eBooks on various subjects on health, 1 autobiography of his medical journey, another on the autobiography of a Cancer survivor, 2 children stories and one how to study for his nephew and grand-daughter.The purpose of these simple guides is to educate patient on health disorders and not meant as textbooks.He does not do any night duty since 2000 ever since Dr Tan had his second stroke.His clinic is now relocated to the Buona Vista Community Centre.The 2 units of his original clinic are being demolished to make way for a new Shopping Mall.He is now doing some blogging and internet surfing (bulletin boards since the 1980's) startingwith the Apple computer and going to PC.The entire PC is upgraded by himself from XT to the present Pentium duo core.The present Intel i7 CPU is out of reach at the moment because the CPU is still expensive.He is also into DIY changing his own toilet cistern and other electric appliance.His hunger for knowledge has not abated and he is a lifelong learner.The children have all grown up and there are 2 grandchildren who are even more technically advanced than the grandfather where mobile phones are concerned.This book is taken from some of the many articles in his blog (now with 740 posts) A Family Doctor’s Tale.Dr Kee is the author of:"A Family Doctor's Tale""Life Lessons Learned From The Study And Practice Of Medicine""Case Notes From A Family Doctor"

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      A Simple Guide to Pancreas Disorders, Diagnosis, Treatment and Related Conditions - Kenneth Kee

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