Guidelines for African Swine Fever (ASF) prevention and Control in Smallholder Pig Farming in Asia: Monitoring and Surveillance of ASF

By Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations

This document aims to provide guidance for government officials in:

Defining surveillance objectives

Establishing ASF-related case definition and reporting criteria

Providing examples of potential ASF surveillance methods

Identifying various crucial factors in consideration of a surveillance system

Evaluating a surveillance system

Since its incursion to Asia and the Pacific region, African swine fever (ASF) has shown impacts on food security and economics as the virus is expanding towards more areas and countries in the region. As the disease continues to expand into new territories, preparedness and control activities need to be constantly adjusted to adapt to situations observed in the field that may be contrary to what was expected based on international standards or experiences from other parts of the world.

This surveillance guideline provides guidance for government officials in defining surveillance objectives, establishing ASF-related case definitions and reporting criteria, providing examples of potential ASF surveillance methods, identifying various crucial factors in consideration of a surveillance system, and evaluating a surveillance system.

• Language: English
• Publisher: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
• Release date: May 30, 2022
• ISBN: 9789251362839

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Required citation:

Ho, H.P.J., Bremang, A., Conan, A., Tang, H., Oh, Y. & Pfeiffer, D.U. 2022. Guidelines for African swine fever (ASF) prevention and control in smallholder pig farming in Asia: Monitoring and surveillance of African swine fever. Bangkok, FAO. https://doi.org/10.4060/cb6238en

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ISBN 978-92-5-134825-3

E-ISBN 978-92-5-136283-9 (EPUB)

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Contents

Acknowledgements

Abbreviations and acronyms

Summary of key points

1. Introduction

2. Surveillance objectives

2.1. ASF-absent

2.2. ASF-present

3. Case definitions and reporting criteria

4. ASF surveillance methods

4.1. Passive surveillance

4.2. Active surveillance

5. General considerations for ASF surveillance

5.1. Economic and practical considerations

5.2. Supply chain and value chain analysis

5.3. Laboratory capacity and diagnostic testing

5.4. Risk-based surveillance approach

5.5. Key challenges for implementing a surveillance system

6. Overall surveillance system evaluation

7. Future considerations and directions on ASF surveillance

Annex: Sample size table A1 – A6

References

Glossary

Acknowledgements

This publication is an output of the collaboration between the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific (FAO RAP) and the City University of Hong Kong. This publication was made possible through support provided by the Bureau for Humanitarian Assistance (BHA), United States Agency for International Development (USAID), under the terms of Award No.720FDA19IO00092 "Strengthening field capacities for African swine fever detection and emergency response". The opinions expressed in this guideline are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the USAID.

FAO RAP is grateful to the authors Jeremy Ho, Andrew Bremang, Anne Conan, Hao Tang, Yooni Oh and Dirk Pfeiffer for writing this guideline. We acknowledge FAO colleagues Gaël Lamielle, David Hadrill, Fusheng Guo and Pawin Padungtod for their