Access: Introduction to Travel & Tourism

By Marc Mancini

Practical, comprehensive, entertaining and reader-friendly, Access: Introduction to Travel and Tourism will provide you with an insider's perspective of travel-, tourism- and hospitality-related businesses and how they interact to form the world's largest industry.

Written by noted industry consultant Dr. Marc Mancini and used by

• Language: English
• Publisher: Marc Mancini Seminars and Consulting Inc
• Release date: Feb 21, 2012
• ISBN: 9781949667011

Marc Mancini

Dr. Marc Mancini brings to The CLIA Guide to the Cruise Industry a combination of academic analysis and a wealth of real-world industry experience. He began his career as a tour manager at 17 and became one of the industry's most successful and in-demand consultants and curriculum designers. His client list includes CLIA, Holland America Line, AAA, Norwegian Cruise Line, the Hawaii Visitors and Convention Bureau and Marriott. It's estimated that his training programs have reached over 300,000 travel professionals. The former Chairman of the Travel and Hospitality Department at West Los Angeles College, Dr. Mancini was named "Educator of the Year" by the International Society of Travel and Tourism Educators and received ASTA's Diamond Award as one of the seven most distinguished travel professionals in the history of Southern California. Dr. Mancini has authored eight books, produced and hosted 32 videos, created dozens of online training programs and published over 300 articles. His works have been syndicated by the Los Angeles Times and he has appeared on CNN, ABC's Good Morning America and Showtime. He holds a BA degree from Providence College and an MA, MS, and Ph.D. from University of Southern California.

Book preview

ACCESS

Introduction to Travel and Tourism

SECOND EDITION

Access: Introduction to Travel and Tourism, Second Edition Marc Mancini, Ph.D.

For Delmar Cengage Learning: Vice President, Editorial: Dave Garza

Director of Learning Solutions: Sandy Clark

Associate Acquisitions Editor: Katie Hall

Managing Editor: Larry Main

Product Manager: Anne Orgren

Editorial Assistant: Sarah Timm Vice President, Marketing: Jennifer Baker

Marketing Director: Wendy E. Mapstone

Senior Marketing Manager: Kristin McNary

Associate Marketing Manager: Jonathan Sheehan

Production Director: Wendy Troeger

Production Manager: Mark Bernard Senior

Content Project Manager: Glenn Castle

Art Director: Casey Kirchmayer

Cover and interior designer: Chris Miller, CMiller Design

Cover credits: Chris Miller, CMiller Design; hut image ©Shutterstock Images LLC/Keith Levit

© 2013, 2005 Marc Mancini Seminars and Consulting, Inc.

ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. No part of this work covered by the copyright herein may be reproduced, transmitted, stored or used in any form or by any means graphic, electronic, or mechanical, including but not limited to photocopying, recording, scanning, digitizing, taping, Web distribution, information networks, or information storage and retrieval systems, except as permitted under Section 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without the prior written permission of the publisher.

ISBN-13: 978-1-949667-00-4

ISBN-13: 978-1-949667-01-1 (e-book)

Notice to the Reader

Publisher does not warrant or guarantee any of the products described herein or perform any independent analysis in connection with any of the product information contained herein. Publisher does not assume, and expressly disclaims, any obligation to obtain and include information other than that provided to it by the manufacturer. The reader is expressly warned to consider and adopt all safety precautions that might be indicated by the activities described herein and to avoid all potential hazards. By following the instructions contained herein, the reader willingly assumes all risks in connection with such instructions. The publisher makes no representations or warranties of any kind, including but not limited to, the warranties of fitness for particular purpose or merchantability, nor are any such representations implied with respect to the material set forth herein, and the publisher takes no responsibility with respect to such material. The publisher shall not be liable for any special, consequential, or exemplary damages resulting, in whole or part, from the readers’ use of, or reliance upon, this material.

Printed in the United States of America

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BRIEFCONTENTS

Preface

Glossary

Index

CONTENTS

Preface

CHAPTER 1

Going Places: An Overview of the Travel Industry

Jennifer Wright

Some Definitions

Other Travel Terminology

Sectors of the Travel Industry

How Travel Is Sold

Distributing the Travel Product

Why People Travel

Plog’s Continuum

Review Questions

It’s All About You Questions

Activity 1: Why and Who?

Activity 2: Your Future, Maybe

Gale Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure Database Assignment

CHAPTER 2

Ribbons in the Sky: The Air Transportation Industry

Dave Hilfman

The Aviation System

Controlling the Skies—and More

Airline Service and Routes

Flight Types and Routes

Hubs and Spokes

Aircraft

Pitch, Width, and Recline

Classes of Service

Seating Assignments

The Airlines

The Major North American Airlines

Secondary Airlines

Low-Fare Airlines

Regional Airlines

Review Questions

It’s All About You Questions

Activity 1: What’s It Like?

Activity 2: Flying the Net

Gale Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure Database Assignment

CHAPTER 3

Taking to the Skies: Airports, Airfares, and Airline Tickets

Helen Brixey

The Airport Experience

Airport and Aviation Management

Airfares

Fares and Ticketing

Who Sells Airline Tickets?

More This and That

Review Questions

It’s All About You Questions

Activity 1: What’s Your Priority?

Activity 2: Getting to Africa

Gale Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure Database Assignment

CHAPTER 4

Homes Away from Home: The Hospitality Industry

Julius W. Robinson

Kinds of Accommodations

Hotels

Resort Hotels

Business Hotels

All-Suite Hotels

Other Kinds of Lodging

Who Owns Lodging Facilities?

Brands and Brand Families

What Rooms Cost

How Lodging Is Sold

Hotel Booking Procedures

More This and That

Food Services

Key Terms

Types of Service

More This and That

Review Questions

It’s All About You Questions

Activity 1: Coming to a Hotel Near You

Activity 2: And On Our Tour Menu Today . . . 100

Gale Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure Database Assignment

CHAPTER 5

Dealing with Dreams: The Travel Agency Industry

Paula Mitchell Manning

A Travel Agent’s Value

A Travel Agent Is More Skilled at Finding the Best Travel Solution

A Travel Agent Can Find the Best Deal

A Travel Agent Saves Time and Trouble

A Travel Agent Is Accountable

A Travel Agent Knows Suppliers Better

A Travel Agent Knows Destinations Better

A Travel Agent Is Largely Impartial

Kinds of Travel Agencies

Conventional, Full-Service Agencies

Online Agencies

Specialized Agencies

Home-Based Agencies

Corporate Travel Management

Travel Agent: Sales or Service Person?

How Agents Obtain Information

More This and That

Review Questions

It’s All About You Questions

Activity 1: Searching

Activity 2: Let Your Fingers Do the Walking

Gale Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure Database Assignment

CHAPTER 6

Better by the Bunch: The Tour Industry Today

Frank Marini

Kinds of Tours

Escorted Tours

Hosted Tours

Independent and Fly-Drive Tours

Hybrid Tours

City, Site, and Personal Tours

Other Types of Tours

Who Owns Tour Companies?

Why People Take Tours

Time and Money

Quest for Knowledge

Camaraderie

Lack of Options

What Determines Price?

How Tours Are Sold

More This and That

Review Questions

It’s All About You Questions

Activity 1: How Outgoing Are You?

Activity 2: Touring the Internet

Gale Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure Database Assignment

CHAPTER 7

Magic at Sea: The Cruise Industry

Kristin Karst

Why People Cruise

Kinds of Cruise Lines and Ships

The Ship Experience

Before You Sail

Bon Voyage

At-Sea Days

In-Port Days

The End of the Cruise

Who Owns Cruise Lines

What Cruises Cost

Pre-, Post-, and Off-Ship Experiences

Precruise and Postcruise Packages

Intermediary Port Stops and Shore Excursions

How Cruises Are Sold

More This and That

Review Questions

It’s All About You Questions

Activity 1: Interviewing a Cruiser

Activity 2: Profiling the Lines

Gale Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure Database Assignment

CHAPTER 8

Extra Specials: Other Segments of the Travel Industry

Jason Coleman

Car Rentals

Car Rental Motivations

The Business of Car Rentals

What Car Rentals Cost

How Car Rentals Are Sold

More This and That

Rail Travel

Kinds of Passenger Rail Travel

Why People Travel by Rail

The Onboard Experience

Foreign Rail Experiences

More This and That

Destination Marketing Organizations

How DMOs Are Funded

Miscellaneous Travel Suppliers

Meetings and Conventions

Shopping Venues

Attractions, Activities, and Events

Review Questions

It’s All About You Questions

Activity 1: Bon Voyage and Buon Viaggio

Activity 2: Motoring Around Los Angeles

Gale Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure Database Assignment

CHAPTER 9

Here, There, Almost Anywhere: The Geography of Travel

Hugh Riley

A Little Information About Maps

The Winds of Travel

Bodies of Water

Landforms

The Nations We Visit

North America

South America

Europe

Africa

The Middle East

Asia

Australia, New Zealand, and the South Pacific

Cultural Geography

Conclusion

Review Questions

It’s All About You Questions

Activity 1: Researching the World

Activity 2: A Wonderful Trip

Gale Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure Database Assignment

CHAPTER 10

Making Connections: How to Market, Sell to, and Serve the Traveling Public

Jeffrey Anderson

Marketing the Travel Product

More Definitions

The Major Steps of Marketing

Selling Travel

Transactional Selling

Consultative Selling

Other Kinds of Travel Sales

Serving the Traveling Public

Delivering Great Service

More This and That

Review Questions

It’s All About You Questions

Activity 1: Analyzing Our Travel Agent

Activity 2: Not Just the Travel Business

Gale Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure Database Assignment

CHAPTER 11

Techno-Travel: How Technology Has Changed Everything

Lee Rosen

CRS and GDS Systems

Travel and the Internet

Web Sites

Strengths of Web-based Technology

Weaknesses of Web-based Technology

Social Media

Kinds of Social Media

CRM

CRM Programs

Other Travel-Related Technologies

More This and That

Review Questions

It’s All About You Questions

Activity 1: Here or Gone?

Activity 2: What Will They Think of Next?

Gale Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure Database Assignment

CHAPTER 12

This and That

Jennifer Doncsecz

Crossing Borders

Documents

Immigration and Customs

Cost, Currencies, and Exchange Rates

Exchange Rates

Exchanging Money—and Paying for Things with It

More About Currency and Exchange

Health Concerns

Safety and Security Issues

Transportation Security and Concerns

Natural Disasters

The Future

Review Questions

It’s All About You Questions

Activity 1: Predicting the Future

Activity 2: Looking Back

Gale Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure Database Assignment

Glossary

Index

PREFACE

Few careers are as exciting, dynamic, and rewarding as travel. Helping people go places, enjoy themselves, and collect wonderful memories—that’s what you’ll do on a daily basis if you decide to work in the travel, hospitality, and tourism business.

What makes such a career so attractive? Here are five reasons:

1. Employment opportunities are excellent. By many estimates, travel- and tourism-related firms employ more people in the world than any other industry. Although the volume of travel ebbs and flows—prosperity and peace can fuel it, economic recession and political upheavals can dampen it—the trend, averaged out, is always upward.

2. Advancement comes swiftly. People employed in travel and tourism quickly discover that upward mobility is the norm for this business. If you perform to the best of your ability, you will probably rise quickly on the ladder of success.

3. Your options will be plentiful. Each segment of this industry—lodging, air, cruises, tours, travel agent operations, and more—has its own unique and distinct identity, giving you more choice for career paths than most other businesses.

4. It’s fun. People in the insurance business don’t get excited about insurance. People who work at office supply stores aren’t likely to be passionate about office products. But those who choose to work in travel and hospitality? That’s different. The best of them take pride in providing travelers with a satisfying experience—and so will you.

5. It will help your own travels, too. Industry professionals often get major discounts on their own travels. More important, what you’ll learn from this book will serve as insider information, ensuring that you will travel better and smarter.

More About This Book

Access’s title conveys precisely what it’s about: gaining access to a treasure trove of travel, tourism, and hospitality knowledge. Its approach is highly practical: You’ll learn exactly what you need to know about these industries, without extraneous content and details that may be nice to know but won’t contribute to your future success.

If you’re currently a student, Access will open a window onto a vast landscape of possibilities. And if you’re already a working professional, you’ll learn more about how your job relates to others in this vast industry, explore segments of this business that you once only vaguely understood, and discover others you never even knew existed. No matter where you are on your career path, this book will provide you with those facts, insights, and knowledge that industry professionals must know. It uses real-world terminology that you’ll actually and regularly employ. And it will form the foundation for all of your courses and career moves to come.

Also, unlike many other introductory texts, Access will provide you with an overview of all major industry segments. At this point, you may not have yet decided which precise part of this industry appeals to you the most. Remain open-minded. There are jobs in travel that, at this point, you don’t know about, yet may prove to be the right, even perfect, choice for you. And no matter which path you take, knowing the context of your chosen career—the other parts of the industry that intersect with yours—is vital to your success.

One other hallmark of Access: It explores the potential motives behind travel and travel-related purchases. Buyer psychology is essential to understanding why a traveler might, say, rent a car instead of flying or taking a train, or how travelers think of their hotel as a second (and perfect) home. (Topics like these are rarely covered in other introductory texts.)

We also have tried to create a text that, in the language of publishing, is evergreen. You’ll encounter only modest statistical content, because stats can become obsolete almost as soon as the ink dries on the page. This is especially true of these industries, where dynamic change is the sole constant. You’ll read only about those brands that have proven themselves over the long run, that are tried, true, and near-permanent parts of the industry. There will be little about rules, regulations, and prices, because these can change so swiftly. And the Internet permits you to look up such things easily and get perfectly up-to-date information.

Your journey through this book should be a pleasant one, too. That’s why you’ll encounter all sorts of design elements to help you along the way, such as multiple headings, boldfaced items, bullet points, photos, sidebars, and charts. You’ll find the prose to be brisk, airy, and—we hope—a pleasure to read.

Students: Keep This Book! Should you resell Access after your course is over? (This assumes, of course, that you, not your school, own the book.) In the future, you almost surely will be traveling a lot. And you may very well want to revisit something you remember reading about in these pages . . . Unlike some textbooks, Access’s value to you will extend beyond the class you’re presently taking. And if you go into the business, Access will be doubly valuable as a reference tool. So, consider this book a lifetime investment. Someday, you’ll be glad you kept it.

Some Specific Features

What features will you encounter as you read Access?

• A list of learning goals , as well as a set of key terms to be used launches each chapter. They serve as a roadmap to the content to come.

• Boldfaced and italicized items underscore the most important words and concepts. This helps you organize and prioritize your learning as you work through each chapter.

• A Telling Terms box defines additional and accepted industry terminology that the book’s main prose does not cover.

• A Careers box tells you about the main jobs available in each industry segment.

• A This and That box and a More This and That section gather bits of information that go beyond the main text and help fill the gaps in your understanding of the industry.

• Insider Info notes reveal information or unusual facts that the average traveler doesn’t know about but that industry experts do.

• Pacesetter Profiles describe high achievers in the travel, tourism, and hospitality industries—and the paths they took to attain current success. To make these even more interesting for you, we’ve put them in a social media format.

• Review Questions help you test your understanding of key concepts.

• It’s All About You Questions help you relate the book’s content to your own future travels.

• Several Activities conclude each chapter and enable you to creatively apply what you’ve learned to interesting, real-world situations. You can do these activities on your own or as part of a project team, along with other students or trainees.

Getting into this business was one of the best things that ever happened to me. It can be the same for you. I hope you enjoy Access, and I wish you great success in the career and travels that lie ahead.

Marc Mancini

To the Instructor

Thank you so much for selecting Access as your textbook of choice. I hope it serves as a solid, stimulating, and entertaining introduction to our industry and effectively supports your efforts to excite your students or trainees about a potentially rewarding and exciting future.

New to this Edition

In response to your feedback, as well as suggestions from students and reviewers, we have:

• Updated content, expanded certain topics, made several changes in chapter and topic order, and added an entire chapter devoted to technology. We’ve also taken steps to make each of our chapters a stand-alone. You can assign chapters in whatever order you wish, with only minimal adjustments.

• Added new It’s All About You questions that require highly personal responses to hypothetical situations, scenarios, and assessments.

• Introduced additional activities, including many tied to the Gale Hospitality, Tourism & Leisure Collection, a vast online database of articles, book extracts and scholarly studies. Instructors have found our activities to be especially useful for online courses, since they encourage creative and personal solutions, rather than the rote learning and open-book testing that can so easily occur online. Instructors, your Cengage Learning sales representative can help you obtain access to this database for yourself and your students. Ask for Gale’s Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure Collection The ISBN is listed in the instructor’s companion website to accompany this text . This database is available at a nominal fee with the adoption of this book.

• Introduced profiles of industry leaders and pacesetters—formatted in a contemporary Facebook-like style. Each profile traces the career path that a noteworthy person in travel and hospitality took to achieve notable success.

• Refined graphics, introduced more full-color photos, and increased use of illustrative and organizing elements to make the learning process easy, effective, and entertaining.

And to support your efforts, we have prepared an Instructor’s Guide that contains thematic outlines for your lectures, PowerPoint slides, a list of useful Web sites, answers to activities and discussion questions, and an extensive bank of quiz questions. This will make it easy for you to implement Access with minimal extra work on your part.

Finally, what educational level is Access targeted to? All of them. It condenses a great deal of essential information and analysis into a colorful, easy-to-absorb but academically rigorous package. It works in both a traditional classroom setting and, with its unique activities, in online applications. It goes beyond rote learning and encourages original and creative thought.

Again, my sincerest thanks for adopting Access and my best wishes for continued success in your teaching.

Acknowledgments

My sincerest thanks to Karen Fukushima, Rick Scarry, and Glenn Fukushima, my assistants on this project; to the instructors who reviewed the manuscript and provided wonderful feedback; to those at Delmar who carefully shepherded this project; and to the countless travel professionals who, over the years, have educated me on this wonderfully complex industry.

Reviewers

The author and Delmar Learning would like to thank the following reviewers:

ACCESS

Introduction to Travel and Tourism

SECOND EDITION

1

Going Places: An Overview of the Travel Industry

KEY TERMS

• All-inclusive resort

• Attractions

• Business travel

• Centrics

• Charter

• Commodity

• Consortia

• Consumers

• Convention and visitors bureau

• Corporate travel manager

• Demographics

• Dependables

• Discretionary money

• DMO

• Ecotourist

• Escorted tour

• Experience

• High season

• Hospitality

• Incentive trip

• Independent tour

• Intermediary

• Leisure travel

• Low season

• Psychographics

• Shore excursion

• Shoulder season

• Supplier

• Tourism

• Tourist bureau

• Tourist office

• Transportation

• Travel

• Travel agent

• Travel package

• Venturers

• VFR travel

After studying this chapter, you’ll be able to:

• Define key terms used in the travel business

• Explain what each major segment of the travel industry represents

• Describe how travel is typically sold

• Analyze different kinds of consumers and what satisfies their travel needs

pacesetter profile

Jennifer Wright

CURRENT POSITION/TITLE:

Account Supervisor, R&R Partners

SHORT DESCRIPTION OF WHAT YOUR RESPONSIBILITIES ARE:

I manage the Norwegian Cruise Line Trade Marketing Account for R&R. I’m responsible for all aspects of our Norwegian initiatives, including NCL University, their online training program.

EDUCATION:

BS, West Virginia University

FIRST JOB IN TRAVEL/HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY:

Account Coordinator, Kaiser Marketing

FIRST PAID JOB (IF DIFFERENT FROM ABOVE):

Waitress at a sports bar/restaurant. I may have been the world’s worst waitress. I dropped everything.

FAVORITE PART OF WHAT I DO:

Relationship building. Being in two fields, travel and PR, I get to meet some really amazing people. It feels less like work and more like fun.

THING I WISH I DIDN’T HAVE TO DO:

Daily time sheets.

BEST CAREER MEMORY I HAVE:

Being part of a Second City shoot on a Norwegian cruise. To be around a comedy troupe for seven days is quite an experience.

STRANGEST OR FUNNIEST CAREER-RELATED THING I’VE EVER EXPERIENCED:

Not travel-related but: I was working on the movie, Cloverfield. The lead actress was unavailable for re-shoots. They needed a body double. The producer suddenly looked at me. Same build and coloring. And that’s why, for a moment, I was the star of Cloverfield.

SOMETHING ALMOST NO ONE KNOWS ABOUT ME:

I am a huge science nerd!

If there’s something predictable about human behavior, it’s this: we love to travel. Some of the greatest adventures of humankind have been fueled by a need to experience fresh, new places.

Many of these journeys were prompted by practical concerns. Asians traveled across the Bering Strait (where, today, Alaska and Russia meet) to pursue food-providing herds. In the process, they eventually populated all of North and South America. Around AD 700, Polynesians from the Marquesas Islands sailed northward across more than 2,000 miles of open ocean to reach a new home in what we now call Hawaii. Some evidence suggests that they may have even visited South America. Still later, the great Italian explorer Marco Polo may have traveled even greater distances to reach China. His purpose: to open trade routes. In the process, he became the most famous business traveler the world has ever known.

But what about travel for pleasure? How far back does it go? Almost surely, the fierce curiosity that’s at the core of all journeys motivated even the most practical voyagers. Yet until recent times, leisure travel was something mostly undertaken by scholars, prosperous merchants, politicians, aristocrats, and royalty, not everyday people. For example, the fifth-century BC historian Herodotus journeyed the rim of the Eastern Mediterranean to visit its greatest attractions. Like several traveling scholars before him, he called the remarkable structures he saw the Seven Wonders of the World. A few centuries later, Emperor Hadrian became the Roman Empire’s most energetic tourist. He went as far as Great Britain, where a 76-mile wall he commissioned still stands.

During the centuries that followed, common people increasingly had the opportunity to travel. Their purposes, though, were limited: they went for religious reasons (for example, to visit a shrine), to engage in commerce, or to wage war. The desire to see incredible, exotic places was a strong motive, too, no matter what the official reason for their trip might be.

Beginning in the late nineteenth century, travel became easier. Roads were better, trains could carry passengers hundreds of miles in relative comfort, and more people could afford the time and expense of taking a holiday. These trends reached full force in the twentieth century, when almost everyone in industrialized nations gained the ability to indulge in travel. The result: travel and tourism soon became the world’s largest industry. It still is.

Wonderful Attractions—Then and Now

Though there were many lists of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, this is among the most widely accepted:

• The Pyramids (Giza, Egypt)

• The Hanging Gardens of Babylon (near Baghdad, Iraq)

• The Statue of Zeus at Olympia (Greece)

• The Temple of Diana at Ephesus (Turkey)

• The Mausoleum (Helicarnassus, Turkey)

• The Colossus (Rhodes)

• The Pharos Lighthouse (Alexandria, Egypt)

In 2007, 100 million people voted online to determine the New Seven Wonders of the World, and the results were:

1. Great Wall of China

2. Colosseum (Rome, Italy)

3. Taj Mahal (Agra, India)

4. Petra (Jordan)

5. Machu Picchu (Peru)

6. Chichen Itza (Mexico)

7. Christ the Redeemer statue (Rio de Janeiro, Brazil)

Source: www.new7wonders.com

We’re lucky to be among the first generations in human history to be able to experience the world in a way only the rich and the adventurous once could, even to work in that industry, building careers that others might envy. If you have such goals in mind, though, you must understand how this great, growing industry—and its multitude of parts—works.

Some Definitions

Let’s step back and ask ourselves a basic question: what is travel? It seems like an easy concept to define. Yet the term travel is actually rather complex, with multiple meanings that overlap one another. A dictionary would describe travel as going from one place to another. This clearly is too broad for our purposes. Otherwise, driving to the local mall would qualify.

Let’s refine the dictionary definition a bit to address what this book is about: travel is going from one place to another—and doing things when arriving there—for reasons not associated with everyday life. This definition isn’t perfect (for example, what about travel to relocate to a new home city?), but it’s as close as we can come to a universally applicable definition.

Travel is usually divided into two broad categories: leisure travel and business travel. Leisure travel is travel for the purpose of enjoyment. The person travels to take a vacation, to get away from his or her everyday home life and job. If you decide to go to Hawaii, hang out at the beach, do some snorkeling, go to a luau, or do other fun things, you’re clearly on a leisure trip. The same would apply to a trip to Paris to sightsee, eat at wonderful restaurants, and do some shopping. It might even apply to a day trip from home to a local amusement park, tourist attraction, or nearby ski resort.

On the other hand, business (also called corporate) travel is travel beyond one’s general home area for reasons related to work. If a person must travel from Detroit to Omaha to meet with clients or fly to Mexico City to attend a convention, that would be business travel. Business travelers may set up the trip themselves, book it through a corporate travel manager (a person employed by a company to arrange travel for its employees), or arrange it by using the services of a travel agent (more about them soon).

Leisure travel can be further subdivided in several ways. Many people today opt to travel through a travel package. In a travel package several travel components are bundled together and sold as one product.

insider info

A packaged trip to Hawaii or the Caribbean that includes air, hotel, transfers between the airport and the hotel, and perhaps a one-day car rental sometimes costs less than what an airline would charge for the flight alone.

For instance, a person might buy an escorted tour, for which transportation, sightseeing, some (or all) meals, lodging, and the services of a tour manager are all prearranged. On such an escorted tour, the person will be traveling with dozens of others who bought the same package. Other examples of travel packages are independent tours (in which many of the travel components are prearranged but the buyer travels independently of a group or a tour manager), cruises (where the cruise fare includes transportation, meals, the stateroom, and so on), and all-inclusive resorts (which

Reviews for Access

[Jessica · Rating: 5 out of 5 stars]

It was a awesome book to read and take down notes it had helped out alot!