Kikuchi Disease, A Simple Guide To The Condition, Diagnosis, Treatment And Related Conditions

By Kenneth Kee

This book describes Kikuchi Disease, Diagnosis and Treatment and Related Diseases

Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease, also known as histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis, is a very rare benign (non-cancerous) disorder of the lymph nodes.

Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease was first described in Japan in 1972, as a benign and self-limiting disease that mainly involves young women of Asian origin.

Most patients are younger than 30 years of age, but this disorder has been reported in patients varying in age from six to 80 years, most of whom were well previously.

The mean age at manifestation in a USA series was 30 years.

Kikuchi disease mostly involves young adults (younger than 30 years) and is most often found in East Asian and Japanese populations but rare in the United States and Europe.

This geographic link can be related to certain HLA alleles such as HLA class II alleles, HLA-DPA1, and HLA-DPB1, frequent in Asian Kikuchi disease patients and rare in Caucasians.

Kikuchi disease can involve both males and females.

The ratio of involved males to females in 3 series was 1:4, 1:1.6, and 1:1.26, respectively.

Kikuchi disease has since been found in all racial ethnic groups and many countries e.g., the USA.

In a study of patients with Kikuchi disease in the USA, 75 % were Caucasian.

The incidence of this disorder differs widely in different groups, but it has been most often reported from Asia.

While the precise cause of Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease is not known, infectious and autoimmune causes have been indicated.

Several infectious micro-organisms have been indicated as possible causative agents, herpes simplex virus type 1 and 2, varicella-zoster virus, cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), parvovirus B19, human papillomavirus, human herpesvirus (HHV 6, 7, 8)hepatitis B virus, human T-lymphotropic virus 1, Brucella, toxoplasma, and Yersinia.

Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease has an autoimmune cause induced by virus-infected transformed lymphocytes and is also linked with systemic lupus erythematosus.

This is because histopathological findings in the lymphocytes and the endothelial cells in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus are similar to those found in patients with Kikuchi disease

Kikuchi disease is now suggested to be a nonspecific hyper-immune reaction to a range of infectious, chemical, physical, and neoplastic agents.

Other autoimmune disorders and presentations such as antiphospholipid syndrome, polymyositis, systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis, bilateral uveitis, arthritis and cutaneous necrotizing vasculitis have been linked to Kikuchi disease.

The main symptoms of Kikuchi disease are:
1. Enlargement of the lymph nodes (lymphadenopathy),
2. Skin rashes,
3. Mild fever,
4. Headache and
5. Night sweats.

Less frequent symptoms are:
1. Weight loss,
2. Nausea,
3. Vomiting, and
4. Sore throat.

Lymphadenopathy features are:
1. Cervical nodes are involved in about 80% of cases
2. Posterior cervical nodes are often involved (70% of cases)
3. Lymphadenopathy is isolated to a single location in 83% of cases, but multiple chains may be involved
4. Less often affected nodes are in axillary, mediastinal, celiac, abdominal, and inguinal sites

Medically, Kikuchi disease appears like a lot of other diseases, and the differential is broad such as reactive lymphadenitis, viral infections, tuberculosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, lymphoma, and metastasis.

The gold standard diagnostic test for Kikuchi disease is the histopathological analysis of excised lymph node biopsy specimen.

Kikuchi disease is normally a self-limiting disease with spontaneous resolution

The treatment is mainly supportive with NSAID and steroids.

TABLE OF CONTENT
Introduction
Chapter 1 Kikuchi Disease
Chapter 2 Causes
Chapter 3 Symptoms
Chapter 4 Diagnosis

• Language: English
• Publisher: Kenneth Kee
• Release date: Sep 2, 2020
• ISBN: 9781005826277

Kenneth Kee

Medical doctor since 1972.Started Kee Clinic in 1974 at 15 Holland Dr #03-102, relocated to 36 Holland Dr #01-10 in 2009.Did my M.Sc (Health Management ) in 1991 and Ph.D (Healthcare Administration) in 1993.Dr Kenneth Kee is still working as a family doctor at the age of 74However he has reduced his consultation hours to 3 hours in the morning and 2 hours inthe afternoon.He first started writing free blogs on medical disorders seen in the clinic in 2007 on http://kennethkee.blogspot.com.His purpose in writing these simple guides was for the health education of his patients which is also his dissertation for his Ph.D (Healthcare Administration). He then wrote an autobiography account of his journey as a medical student to family doctor on his other blog http://afamilydoctorstale.blogspot.comThis autobiography account “A Family Doctor’s Tale” was combined with his early “A Simple Guide to Medical Disorders” into a new Wordpress Blog “A Family Doctor’s Tale” on http://ken-med.com.From which many free articles from the blog was taken and put together into 1000 eBooks.He apologized for typos and spelling mistakes in his earlier books.He will endeavor to improve the writing in futures.Some people have complained that the simple guides are too simple.For their information they are made simple in order to educate the patients.The later books go into more details of medical disorders.He has published 1000 eBooks on various subjects on health, 1 autobiography of his medical journey, another on the autobiography of a Cancer survivor, 2 children stories and one how to study for his nephew and grand-daughter.The purpose of these simple guides is to educate patient on health disorders and not meant as textbooks.He does not do any night duty since 2000 ever since Dr Tan had his second stroke.His clinic is now relocated to the Buona Vista Community Centre.The 2 units of his original clinic are being demolished to make way for a new Shopping Mall.He is now doing some blogging and internet surfing (bulletin boards since the 1980's) startingwith the Apple computer and going to PC.The entire PC is upgraded by himself from XT to the present Pentium duo core.The present Intel i7 CPU is out of reach at the moment because the CPU is still expensive.He is also into DIY changing his own toilet cistern and other electric appliance.His hunger for knowledge has not abated and he is a lifelong learner.The children have all grown up and there are 2 grandchildren who are even more technically advanced than the grandfather where mobile phones are concerned.This book is taken from some of the many articles in his blog (now with 740 posts) A Family Doctor’s Tale.Dr Kee is the author of:"A Family Doctor's Tale""Life Lessons Learned From The Study And Practice Of Medicine""Case Notes From A Family Doctor"

Book preview

Kikuchi Disease,

A

Simple

Guide

To

The Condition,

Diagnosis,

Treatment

And

Related Conditions

By

Dr Kenneth Kee

M.B.,B.S. (Singapore)

Ph.D (Healthcare Administration)

Copyright Kenneth Kee 2020 Smashwords Edition

Published by Kenneth Kee at Smashwords.com

Dedication

This book is dedicated

To my wife Dorothy

And my children

Carolyn, Grace

And Kelvin

This book describes Kikuchi Disease, Diagnosis and Treatment and Related Diseases which is seen in some of my patients in my Family Clinic.

(What You Need to Treat Kikuchi Disease)

This e-Book is licensed for your personal enjoyment only. This eBook may not be re-sold or given away to other people. If you would like to share this book with another person, please purchase an additional copy for each reader.

If you’re reading this book and did not purchase it, or it was not purchased for your use only, then please return to Smashwords.com and purchase your own copy.

Thank you for respecting the hard work of this author.

Introduction

I have been writing medical articles for my blog: http://kennethkee.blogspot.com (A Simple Guide to Medical Disorder) for the benefit of my patients since 2007.

My purpose in writing these simple guides was for the health education of my patients.

Health Education was also my dissertation for my Ph.D (Healthcare Administration).

I then wrote an autobiography account of my journey as a medical student to family doctor on my other blog: http://afamilydoctorstale.blogspot.com.

This autobiography account A Family Doctor’s Tale was combined with my early A Simple Guide to Medical Disorders into a new Wordpress Blog A Family Doctor’s Tale on http://kenkee481.wordpress.com.

From which many free articles from the blog was taken and put together into 800 eBooks.

Some people have complained that the simple guides are too simple.

For their information they are made simple in order to educate the patients.

The later books go into more details of medical disorders.

The first chapter is always from my earlier blogs which unfortunately tends to have typos and spelling mistakes.

Since 2013, I have tried to improve my spelling and writing.

As I tried to bring the patient the latest information about a disorder or illness by reading the latest journals both online and offline, I find that I am learning more and improving on my own medical knowledge in diagnosis and treatment for my patients.

My diagnosis and treatment capability has improved tremendously from my continued education.

Just by writing all these simple guides I find that I have learned a lot from your reviews (good or bad), criticism and advice.

I am sorry for the repetitions in these simple guides as the second chapters onwards have new information as compared to my first chapter taken from my blog.

I also find repetition definitely help me and maybe some readers to remember the facts in the books more easily.

I apologize if these repetitions are irritating to some readers.

Chapter 1

Kikuchi Disease

What is Kikuchi Disease?

Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease, also known as histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis, is a very rare benign (non-cancerous) disorder of the lymph nodes.

Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease was first depicted in Japan in 1972, as a benign and self-limiting disease that mainly involves young women of Asian origin.

Most patients are younger than 30 years of age, but this disorder has been reported in patients varying in age from six to 80 years, most of whom were well previously.