Rural Development Policies in Sub-Saharan Africa and Cooperation with the European Union : United Republic of Tanzania

By Joannes Maria De Luca

What is the European Union's role in the third millennium geopolitical environment in Sub-Saharan Africa?

What are Rural Development Policies in Tanzania? In agriculture they are considered a driver for the development of the entire Country System.

What can be created from convergence and cooperation in an African model nation such as The United Republic of Tanzania and the European Vision 2014-2020 in East Africa.

This book represents a useful compendium for political scientists and professionals, scholars of the African continent and the evolution of bilateral relations with Europe. It is for those who are interested in updating and deepening the dynamics and characteristics of the European Union's Foreign Policy and Rural Development Policies in Tanzania and their evolution within the East Africa Community.

This present research work Rural Development Policies in Sub-Saharan Africa and Cooperation with the European Union: The United Republic of Tanzania has been published to celebrate the tenth anniversary in 2017 of the Joint Africa-European Union Strategy. The author believes in the modernisation of African agriculture, which also goes beyond understanding the policies and their formation. This research work clearly describes the two protagonists the European Union and Tanzania and their respective policies: 2 Visions 1 Future.

• Language: English
• Publisher: BadPress
• Release date: Oct 1, 2017
• ISBN: 9781507193006

Book preview

Rural Development Policies in Tanzania and Cooperation with the European Union

Rural Development Policies in Tanzania and Cooperation with the European Union

LIST OF FIGURES

CHAPTER 1 TANZANIA:

GEOGRAPHICAL–HISTORICAL–POLICY–ECONOMIC FRAMEWORK

1.2 Geographical-Physical Framework

1.2 Historical background

1.3 Economic framework

1.4 Political framework

CHAPTER 2

RURAL DEVELOPMENT IN TANZANIA

Chapter 2.1 Agriculture and rural development in Tanzania

Chapter 2.2 Tanzania Investment Plan (TAFSIP)

Agriculture and food security specific initiatives

Kilimo Kwanza

2.3 Analysis of investment project in Tanzania

Chapter 3

EUROPEAN UNION AND THE TANZANIA

DEVELOPMENT COOPERATION

3.1 Rural Development Guidelines of

the European Union in Africa and Tanzania

3.2. Partnerships in support of CAADP

3.3 Analysis of intervention programmes

in relation to Bilateral ER and Tanzania

Sustainable Agriculture

CONCLUSIONS

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

BIBLIOGRAPHY

WEBSITE LINKS

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1.1: Political map of Tanzania

Figure 1.2 Physical map of Tanzania

Figure 1.3: John Magufuli (right) the new president of Tanzania.

Source: AGENCE FRANCE PRESSE

Figure 2.1: Partner Countries, JAST Programme

Figure 2.2: Map of Crops in Tanzania

Figure 2.3: EU and Global biofuel consumption in 2008 and 2020

Figure 2.4: Structure of the TAFSIP Agricultural Plan for Food Safety

Figure 2.5. Land use in Tanzania

Figure 2.6 Map of Precipitation in Tanzania

Figure.2.7: Commercial farming deals for paddy and sugar

Figure 2.8: Sagcot Project

Figure 2.9: Mkulazi Project, Rice and Sugar.

Figure 2.10: Placement area for the Mkulazi project

Figure 2.11: Production capacity of agricultural area Mkulazi

Figure 2.12: Conditions of Land Supply in Mkulazi

Figure 3.1: Dimensions and sub-dimensions of rural development governance

Figure 3.3: NIP EU Tanzania

Figure 3.4: NIP Tanzania and 11th FES

Figure 3.5: Annual programme of activities 2015 in favour of Tanzania

Figure.3.6: Conceptual pathways between agriculture and nutrition

Figure 3.7: ERS research focused on two zones

Figure 3.8: Areas of operation VICOBA

CHAPTER 1 TANZANIA:

GEOGRAPHICAL–HISTORICAL–POLICY–ECONOMIC FRAMEWORK

1.2 Geographical-Physical Framework

TANZANIA

Surface

945 000

Population

45 040 000

Density

48 inhabitants/km²

Capital

Dodoma (1 699 000 inhabitants)

Official Language

Swahili, English

Monetary Unit

Tanzanian Shilling

Borders

Land: 3 861 KM

Maritime: 1 424 km

membership in Major international Organizations

ACP Group, AU, Commonwealth, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCT, ICSID, IDA, IFAD, IFC, ILO, IMF, IMO, INTERPOL, IOM, ITU, MIGA, OPCW, SADC, UN, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO

Figure 1.1: Political map of Tanzania

Source: commons.wikimedia.org

Tanzania is a federal state in East Africa, comprising a continental section, Tanganyika, and an island, Zanzibar, which administratively also includes the other island of Pemba. In the north the country borders Uganda and Kenya, to the south Mozambique, southwest Zambia and Malawi, to the west Congo, northwest Rwanda and Burundi; includes large parts of the lakes Victoria, Tanganyica and Malawi; to the east it overlooks the Indian Ocean, where Pemba (north) and Zanzibar are located, and more, to the south, Mafia Island, with other minor islands. The continental section has absolute prevalence (99.7 percent of the area, and 97 percent of the population of the state). 

Figure 1.2 Physical map of Tanzania 

Source: commons.wikimedia.org

The continental territory of Tanzania is predominantly made up of a vast strip of the East African plain. 

The uniformity of tabular morphology (average altitude around 1 000 m) is animated by the marginal bands of mountain ranges originating from a system of faults (the Rift Valley), whose course divides into two branches. The main groove marks the western border along the line of the large tectonic lake (Lake Tanganyika, on the border with Congo), and is bounded by mountainous reliefs that to the south culminate at nearly 3 000 m with Mount Rungwe. The small branch to the northeast of the great tectonic trench is marked by an imposing bastion of volcanic masses, which culminates in Kilimanjaro (5 895 m), Africa's highest mountain. At the northern end of the plateau, the plateau rises to the large basin of Lake Victoria; to the east there is the space of a large, flat coastal region, which is sometimes covered by marshy and swampy areas, ending up on the ocean coast with a series of sandy, mangroves and coral reefs. The northern section of the plateau is hilly with depressions that accommodate a few lake basins (Rukwa, Manyara, Eyasi, Natron).

The most important waterway is the Rufiji, which, with Ruvu, Wami and Pangani, flows into the Indian Ocean after harvesting the waters of the coastal plain; the other rivers are lost in the swamps of the inner basins or enter the lakes.

1.2 Historical background

Already subject to the typical colonial economy, after independence, Tanzania assumed a particular direction, known as African socialism, which, by refusing Marxism, sought rather to unify the population of the country, formed by about 120 different ethnic groups, into a single national system. From the economic viewpoint, the new model sought to eliminate all forms of capitalism, preventing the concentration of wealth by spreading cooperation at all levels, and taking as a basis the forms of production and solidarity that were inherent in pre-colonial African society. However, the socialist-collectivist economic model did not yield good results, also because the financial difficulties did not allow for the provision of the necessary infrastructure to produce ujamaa (productive nucleus by aggregating the population in agricultural communities). The global recession in the late 1970s and the effects of a disastrous drought marked the end of the experience and the gradual restoration of a market economy. An improvement in the economic environment was achieved in the last decade of the twentieth century, following the launch of a macro-economic stabilisation programme (1995) that helped boost the recovery of foreign investment in the mining industry, which is steadily expanding. In 2013, the rate of gross domestic product growth was 7 percent but the state budget continues to be largely dependent on international aid and the social situation is critical: the aggregate human development figure calculated by the United Nations in 2011 (life expectancy at birth: 51, illiteracy: 31 percent) places Tanzania at 159th place in the global ranking of 177 countries.

1.3 Economic framework

Agriculture accounts for about 80 percent of the active population and contributes 26.6 percent (2009) to the formation of gross domestic product. Only 6 percent of the territorial area is cultivable; the best cultivars are for export crops: coffee (52 000 tonnes in 2007), cotton (fibre 109 000 tonnes, seeds 210 000 tonnes) and sisal (27 800 tonnes). Livelihood farming