This week, please join author Vincent Aengevaeren and Associate Editor Jarett Berry as they discuss the article "Exercise Volume Versus Intensity and the Progression of Coronary Atherosclerosis in Middle-Aged and Older Athletes: Findings From the MARC-2 Study." Dr. Gregory Hundley: Welcome listeners to this March 28th issue, and I am one of your co-hosts, Dr. Gregory Hundley, Associate Editor and Director of the Pauley Heart Center at VCU Health in Richmond, Virginia. Dr. Peder Myhre: And I'm Dr. Peder Myhre, Social Media Editor from Akershus University Hospital and University of Oslo in Norway. And today, Greg, we have such an interesting feature paper. It comes to us from Professor Aengevaeren and it discusses the progression of coronary atherosclerosis in middle-aged and older athletes. They're looking at exercise volume versus intensity in the MARC-2 study. So Greg, this is really something us master athletes are interested in, and I'm really excited to hear this discussion. Dr. Gregory Hundley: Very nice. Well, how about we jump into some of the other articles first, Peder? And I could go first. So Peder, my first article involves pregnancy related complications. And as you know, these pregnancy complications are associated with increased risk of developing cardiometabolic diseases and an earlier mortality. However, much of the prior research has been limited to individuals of White race. So these investigators led by Professor Cuilin Zhang from the National Institutes of Health aimed to investigate pregnancy complications in association with total and cause specific mortality in a racially diverse cohort, and then evaluate whether associations differ between Black and White individuals. And they performed their work using the Collaborative Perinatal Project, which was a prospective cohort study of 48,197 pregnant women across 12 US clinical centers from the period of time of 1959 through 1966. Dr. Peder Myhre: Oh wow, Greg. Almost 50,000 pregnant women. Very huge initiative. So what did they find? Dr. Gregory Hundley: Right, Peder. So overall, 15% of participants had preterm delivery, 5% had hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, and 1% had gestational diabetes or impaired fasting glucose. Now, the preterm delivery was higher in individuals of Black race at 20% relative to those of White race, which were 10%. Now, in relation to all-cause mortality, the following were associated with increase adjusted hazard ratios. One, spontaneous labor; two, induced labor; three, pre-labor cesarean delivery. And all of those, those adjusted hazard ratios in comparison with a full term delivery. Next, in the world of blood pressure, preeclampsia and eclampsia as well as superimposed preeclampsia and eclampsia were all associated with adjusted hazard ratios that were elevated compared to individuals with normal blood pressure. And then finally, in those individuals with gestational diabetes or impaired fasting glucose, their adjusted hazard ratio, again for all-cause mortality, was elevated relative to those with normal glycemia. Now interestingly, in comparing the two racial groups, preterm induced labor was associated with greater mortality risk among those of Black race relative to those of White race. However, or while, preterm pre-labor cesarean delivery interestingly and conversely was associated with a higher adjusted hazard ratio for those of White race as compared to individuals of Black race. So Peder, in summary, within this large diverse US cohort, pregnancy complications were associated with higher mortality almost 50 years later. And the higher incidents of some complications occurred in individuals of Black race. And differential associations with mortality risk indicate that because of these racial differences, there could really be disparities in pregnancy related health. And finally, that these disparities and their relationship with overall health really could have long life implications for earlier mortalit