This week, please join author Kavita Sharma and Associate Editor Svati Shah as they discuss the article "Myocardial Metabolomics of Human Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction." Dr. Greg Hundley: Welcome listeners, to this April 11th issue of Circulation on the Run. And I am one of your cohosts, Dr. Greg Hundley, director of the Pauley Heart Center at VCU Health in Richmond, Virginia. Dr. Peder Myhre: And I am Dr. Peder Myhre from Akershus University Hospital, and the University of Oslo in Norway. Dr. Greg Hundley: Well, Peder, wow. This week's feature discussion, very interesting. We spend a lot of time, especially with our colleague, Dr. Carolyn Lam, on heart failure preserved ejection fraction. But this week's feature discussion, it's going to focus on some of the myocardial metabolomics in this condition. But before we get to that, how about we grab a cup of coffee, and jump into some of the other articles in the issue? How about if I go first? Dr. Peder Myhre: Let's go, Greg. Dr. Greg Hundley: Okay. So Peder, some believe that cardiovascular disease may be the main reason for stagnant growth in life expectancy in the United States since 2010. And so, the American Heart Association, as you know, recently released an updated algorithm for evaluating cardiovascular health. Life's Essential 8, and it has a very nice score. So these authors, led by Dr. Lu Qi, from Tulane University, aimed to quantify the associations of the Life Essential 8 scores with life expectancy in a nationally representative sample of US adults. And the team included 23,000 non-pregnant non- institutionalized participants who were age 20 to 79 years, who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination survey, or NHANES, from 2005 to 2018. And whose mortality was identified through linkage to the National Death Index, from the period extending through December of 2019. Dr. Peder Myhre: Oh wow. So really, a validation of the Life's Essential 8. Greg, that's so interesting. What did they find? Dr. Greg Hundley: Right Peder, as you say, very interesting. So here are some of the data, and let's itemize them. So, during a median of 7.8 years of follow up, 1,359 total deaths occurred. Now, the estimated life expectancy at age 50 was 27.3 years, 32.9 years, and 36.2 years, in participants with low Life's Essential 8 scores, less than 50. Moderate, so Life's Essential 8 scores of greater than or equal to 50, but less than 80. And then, high scores, greater than 80. Okay? So equivalently, participants with high Life's Essential 8 scores had an average of 8.9 more years of life expectancy at age 50, compared to those with low scores. Next, on average, 42.6% of the gained life expectancy at age 50, from adhering to sort of that cardiovascular health, those recommendations, was attributable to reduced cardiovascular death. Next, significant associations with the Life's Essential 8 score and life expectancy were observed in both men and women. Next, similarly significant associations of cardiovascular health, Life's Essential 8, with life expectancy were observed in non-Hispanic Whites and non-Hispanic Blacks, but not in those originating from the country of Mexico. So Peder, finally, in summarizing all of this, adhering to the cardiovascular health lifestyle, defined by the Life's Essential 8 score, it was related to a considerably increased life expectancy. However, because of the findings from the individuals from the country of Mexico, more research is needed to be done in some of these minority groups, and particularly, those of Hispanic ethnicity, and perhaps other races. Dr. Peder Myhre: Oh, wow. Very interesting. And I would love to learn more about this subgroup analysis in future studies. So Greg, the next paper is about the hospitalization for heart failure measures. Because contemporary measures of hospital performance for heart failure hospitalization, the 30-day risk standardized readmission and mortality rate