Taping Encyclopedia

By Yuliia Nazarko

I am glad to present you a unique manual that contains all the main areas of application of taping from rehabilitation to aesthetics. This encyclopedia book contains basic knowledge on muscular, joint, pediatric, aesthetic, sports, neurological, obstetric, podological, postpartum, and zoological taping. The book describes the basics of anatomy, physiology, fascial system, as well as the principle of the effect of taping on the human body and the basic rules for selecting applications.
This book, like many of my other original books, will help you improve your knowledge in rehabilitation, aesthetics, pediatric and, of course, taping. Everything is in your hands, the main
thing is to correctly apply this technique for the fastest result.
Tape is a safe and effective method of treatment and support.
The tape is drug-free and is a safe alternative that can help relieve many symptoms.

• Language: English
• Publisher: Publishdrive
• Release date: Mar 16, 2024
• ISBN: 9789663739908

Book preview

Preface

I am glad to present you a unique manual that contains all the main areas of application of taping from rehabilitation to aesthetics. This encyclopedia book contains basic knowledge on muscular, joint, pediatric, aesthetic, sports, neurological, obstetric, podological, postpartum, and zoological taping. The book describes the basics of anatomy, physiology, fascial system, as well as the principle of the effect of taping on the human body and the basic rules for selecting applications.

This book, like many of my other original books, will help you improve your knowledge in rehabilitation, aesthetics, pediatrics and, of course, taping. Everything is in your hands, the main thing is to correctly apply this technique for the fastest result. Tape is a safe and effective method of treatment and support. The tape is drug-free and is a safe alternative that can help relieve many symptoms.

And, of course, we will know each other: I, Yulia Nazarko, Doctor of Philosophy (Phd), physical rehabilitation specialist, international teacher and instructor in kinesio taping, international instructor of fascial training and craniosacral osteopathy, nutritionist, certified fitness instructor, psychologist and author of books on sports, psychosomatics, taping, children's fairy tales. Also a practicing master and founder of the Health and Beauty Center in Kyiv. This book contains all the most interesting and useful things for you.

As always, I'll start with a quote:

There is nothing more expensive than illness and ignoring it. (Sigmund Freud). Knowledge is priceless, and I continue to give it to you. Let's start exploring this topic and traveling through my encyclopedia. Let's go!

1.Kinesio taping as a new method of rehabilitation and aesthetics.

Tape is not a magic tape, it is a master’s tool that has its own operating principles. By influencing the body with tapes, you can strengthen, tone one muscle group and relax another. Kinesio taping is a method of complex therapy based on the technology of applying special elastic bands, which are used in the treatment, rehabilitation and prevention of many diseases.

Kinesio taping: [kinezio] - movement and [tare] - tape that works in movement. Most quality tapes are made from cotton fabric. The tapes are covered with a hypoallergenic adhesive layer on an acrylic base, which is activated by body temperature; the adhesive is most often wavy. Tapes can remain on the skin for up to 5 days. The properties of tape - their thickness, elasticity - are close to the properties of human skin.

The main point of the technique is the modeling of the muscular-fascial segment using a certain tension and direction when gluing tapes. That is, when gluing the tape, we adjust the tension of the tape, thereby determining the force with which it will affect the problem area. It is very important what method the tape itself will be applied. The expected effect depends on the method.

The elastic properties of kinesio tapes are close to the elasticity of the epidermis. The cotton base of the tapes does not affect skin breathing and evaporation from its surface. You are completely unrestricted in your movements; the tapes easily withstand contact with water and dry quickly.This allows you to use kinesio tapes in various situations and does not create restrictions on body care

Since the properties of the tape are similar to human skin, it takes on part of the load in the problem area. It reduces the load on damaged areas (for example, ligaments), thereby facilitating their work. This supports the weakened body. This is also useful because it allows the muscles to perform movements in full amplitude without any negative sensations. The tape also improves lymphatic drainage, which has a positive effect on the healing of hematomas and bruises, as well as on the aesthetic effect on the body and face.

The kinesio taping method originated in Japan in 1973. Japanese doctor and chiropractor Kenzo Kase began using a regular patch as a treatment. Kenzo Kase tells the story this way: One day a woman came to me with severe pain in her shoulder. I did various manipulations, but the pain did not go away. Then I put my hand under her deltoid muscle and moved it up a little, the woman’s pain went away. I decided to fix the muscle in this position using a regular patch. The woman returned a few days later, reporting that the pain had gone away.

The method of using a regular patch interested American partners, and Kenzo Kase moved to the States, where production and a research center were organized.

The first tape was released in beige color; it was not hypoallergenic, but it worked and showed excellent results. Then colored tapes appeared: black, blue and pink. In 1979, the first description of the method of muscular kinesiological taping and the principles of application appeared. In 1982, the first book on kinesiology taping was published in Japanese. And since 1983, Dr. Kase has become famous and popular in Japan and the USA. At the same time, Dr. Kase begins to conduct the first educational seminars and master classes on the use of kinesiological taping in Japan, Europe and the USA.

The method received particular recognition and distribution after the 1988 Olympic Games in Seoul, where it proved its high effectiveness on athletes. Since 1995, the method has been introduced into some medical care and rehabilitation protocols, first in the USA and then in several European countries. In 2007, the International Kinesio Taping Association (KTAI) was created, which is still headed by the creator of the classical technique, Kenzo Kase.

New directions using tapes are emerging in restorative medicine, sports, zoology, speech therapy and even aesthetics. Taping is used by sports medicine doctors and physiotherapists around the world. At the moment, special hypoallergenic tapes have been created that can be used for children, pregnant women and the elderly, in a word, for everyone.

In the book we will consider kinesio taping methods, simply called taping. But it is important to understand that there are two main directions: sports taping and kinesiotaping - these are methods of rehabilitation and prevention of traumatic injuries. The difference between the types of taping is that sports tapes most often limit the movement of damaged fibers, while kinesio tapes allow muscles to move, sometimes even more freely than without tape. In essence, kinesio tape is an extension of the master’s hands, and in the book, using the term taping, we will talk specifically about kinesiological taping.

Kinesio tapes have long ceased to be exclusive at the global level, and have recently been gaining momentum in all countries. And these tapes are used not only in sports, but also in everyday life. On many, even on the street you can notice the presence of colored patterns.

2. General information about kinesio taping.

As we wrote earlier, today the kinesio taping method has gone beyond the scope of professional sports and is fully used for the treatment of various disorders of the musculoskeletal system, used in rehabilitation therapy, cosmetology, weight loss and many other industries. The higher the popularity of tapes, the more myths appear about this technique that have nothing to do with reality.

Taping is an innovative method of treating and preventing diseases of the musculoskeletal system by applying special elastic patches to damaged areas. To figure out what is true and what is false in statements about this unique technique, let’s look at the most common myths about kinesio taping.

MYTH ONE: THE KINESIOTAPE METHOD IS UNPROVED

Some consider the effectiveness of kinesio tapes to be unproven and without any scientific basis. This is far from true. Research into the effects of kinesio taping on human health is ongoing. Their results show that proper use of tapes allows you to:

• achieve a reduction in pain symptoms and improved functionality;

• improve lymphatic drainage;

• significantly increase the range of motion of injured muscles and joints, as well as their activity.

The widespread use of elastic tapes in various fields of medicine confirms that it is unrealistic to study all aspects of the use of this method in one single study. Clinical trials are still ongoing, and new and amazing possibilities for kinesio tape are being discovered regularly. The most research and information was left to us by Kinesio University, where there is a complete evidence base confirming the work of tape.

In many countries in Europe and America, the practice of applying tapes is officially used by doctors in the process of rehabilitation after various injuries. Therefore, we cannot say that the method is absolutely unproven. This myth can be scientifically disproved.

MYTH TWO: THE COLOR OF THE TAPE IS IMPORTANT

This is the most common myth about kinesio tape. There is an opinion that blue tapes are cooling and help with swelling, pink and red have a warming effect, and black tapes are considered to have the strongest effect and are used only in special cases.

These misconceptions are due to the fact that the history of taping originates in Asia, where a lot of attention is paid to color therapy. In reality, the change in temperature under the tape is quite insignificant. To create a cooling or warming effect, it is necessary to use products specially designed for these needs. Speaking about tension, there are indeed tapes that determine the elasticity of the tape by color, but these are other types of taping, namely sports and dynamic.

The color of the tape rather has a psychological effect on the patient. It creates a positive mood, which helps you go through the recovery period faster.

MYTH THREE: KINESIOTAPE IS A COMPLEX PROCEDURE

To safely and effectively use taping at home, there is no need for a thorough knowledge of human anatomy and many years of training in the process of applying tapes. After watching several video tutorials and studying simple instructions, even a beginner will be able to make a high-quality application, but we are, of course, talking about simpler applications.

When applying for the first time, follow these simple rules:

• give preference to simple applications;

• stretch the skin, not kinesio tape;

• rub the surface of the tape after applying it for perfect fixation.

It is worth remembering that in case of serious injuries, the taping procedure must be entrusted to a specialist.

MYTH FOUR: TAPE IS A PLACEBO

There are a number of clinical studies that compare the therapeutic effect of kinesio tape with placebo tape, which only imitates kinesiology tape. All of them lead to the conclusion that the effect of tapes cannot be reproduced by any other types of tapes.

MYTH FIFTH: USING TAPES IS ADDICTIVE

Kinesio taping is one of the safest therapeutic techniques that has an analgesic effect. Tape is an elastic tape made of natural cotton with an adhesive base. It does not contain any drugs, so even after a long period of use, addiction cannot occur. Here, addiction can only be compared to addiction from sports.

MYTH SIX: ALL TAPES ARE THE SAME

Today you can find a huge variety of different kinesio tapes on the market, due to their increasing popularity. But, despite their external similarity, tapes can have different properties and quality. Therefore, it is recommended to buy only certified products from well-known manufacturers with a good reputation.

Having considered all the myths about kinesio taping, we can conclude that it is truly an effective, safe and effective method of physical therapy for the treatment of injuries and their prevention.

Now let’s talk a little about the basic principles of how tape works:

1. Fascia - it is this that is very important for understanding the Kinesio Taping method, we will talk about it separately. Fascia has a three-dimensional structure and permeates our entire body from bottom to top. It not only mechanically connects all parts into a single whole, but also informationally connects all structures of the body.

The tape activates and includes the FASCIA in the work, but it is important to understand how to work with it. The inclusion occurs due to the fact that we glue the anchor of the tape (3-5 cm from the beginning of the tape) in a neutral body position (lying, sitting, standing). Then we glue the therapeutic zone, stretching the muscle with a certain movement, and the tape begins to stretch towards the anchor. This effect occurs 24 hours a day for 3-5 days. Fascia is very important for understanding our body and the Kinesio Taping method in general.

2. Normalization of microcirculation in the connective tissue of the skin and subcutaneous fat.

Clinical studies have shown that the mechanism of action of kinesio taping is based on the creation of favorable conditions for sanogenetic processes, manifested in the normalization of microcirculation of the connective tissue of the skin and subcutaneous fatty tissue. Some studies have proven that tape, when applied, lifts the skin above the tissue, increasing the intercellular space. Due to this, pressure decreases and fluid outflow increases. In addition, the tape, combined with body movements, massages the skin, thanks to constant movement towards the anchor. It is also important for us to work with the lymphatic system, which is achieved by gluing special applications, which we will talk about a little later.

In the human body, in addition to the circulatory system, there is a lymph circulation system that returns fluid that has entered the tissues into the blood - lymph. It is part of the vascular system that ensures lymph formation and lymph circulation.

The lymphatic system is a network of capillaries, vessels and nodes through which lymph moves in the body. Lymphatic capillaries are closed at one end, i.e. end blindly in tissues. Lymphatic vessels of medium and large diameter, like veins, have valves. Along their course there are lymph nodes - filters that retain viruses, microorganisms and the largest particles found in the lymph.

The lymphatic system begins in the tissues of organs in the form of an extensive network of closed lymphatic capillaries that do not have valves, and their walls have high permeability and the ability to absorb colloidal solutions and suspensions. Lymphatic capillaries turn into lymphatic vessels, equipped with valves that prevent the reverse flow of lymph, and it flows only towards the veins. Lymphatic vessels flow into the lymphatic thoracic duct, through which lymph flows from 3/4 of the body. The thoracic duct drains into the cranial vena cava or jugular vein. Through the lymphatic vessels, lymph enters the right lymphatic trunk, which enters the cranial vena cava. Pay attention to the diagram of the location of lymph nodes in a person, it will be useful to us in further work.

Functions of the lymphatic system

The lymphatic system performs several functions:

· the protective function is provided by the lymphoid tissue of the lymph nodes, which produces phagocytic cells, lymphocytes and antibodies;

· filtration function is also associated with the lymph nodes, in which various foreign substances and bacteria are mechanically retained;

· the transport function of the lymphatic system is that through this system the main amount of fat enters the blood, which is absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract;

· homeostatic function, maintains the constancy of the composition and volume of interstitial fluid;

· the drainage function removes excess tissue (interstitial) fluid located in the organs.

The formation and circulation of lymph ensures the removal of excess extracellular fluid, which is created due to the fact that filtration exceeds the reabsorption of fluid into the blood capillaries. This drainage function of the lymphatic system becomes obvious if the outflow of lymph from some area of the body is reduced or stopped (for example, when the limbs are compressed by clothing, blockage of the lymphatic vessels due to injury, or intersection during surgery). In these cases, local tissue swelling develops distal to the compression site. This type of edema is called lymphatic.

Lymph is part of the system that provides humoral connections between organs and tissues. With its participation, the transport of signal molecules, biologically active substances, and some enzymes (histaminase, lipase) is carried out. In the lymphatic system, the processes of differentiation of lymphocytes are completed, transported by lymph along with immune complexes that perform the functions of the body's immune defense.

The protective function of the lymphatic system is also manifested in the fact that foreign particles, bacteria, remains of destroyed cells, various toxins, and tumor cells are filtered out, captured and in some cases neutralized in the lymph nodes. With the help of lymph, red blood cells released from blood vessels are removed from tissues (in case of injuries, vascular damage, bleeding). Often the accumulation of toxins and infectious agents in the lymph node is accompanied by its inflammation.

Tape works with our circulatory and, of course, lymphatic system. To achieve a good result, you just need to glue the tape correctly.

3. Stabilization of electrical impulses and restoration of neural connections.

The tape constantly moves across our body as it slides towards the anchor. Remember the situations when, having hit your foot or hand, you mechanically rubbed the bruised area and immediately felt relief? The tape works on the same principle: when glued to the skin, it interferes with the passage of pain signals and normalizes electrical connections at the site of sizing. This is why the pain disappears or is significantly reduced.

A correctly made application causes delight in people: they think that it is magic, and even decide that they have gotten rid of the problem forever. In fact, the tape only changes your perception of pain, reducing the intensity of painful sensations, and to consolidate this result you need to undergo a course of procedures.

4. Work thanks to the elasticity of the tape.

The elasticity of the tape is 100%, which corresponds to the elasticity of human skin. A high-quality adhesive layer ensures a tight fit to the skin. After application, the tape can be worn for 5-7 days, and even take a shower with it.

Thanks to the elasticity of the tape, we can improve muscle function by applying different tensions to it and form correct muscle movement. This is especially true for postural applications for kyphosis, lordosis and scoliosis. Of course, joint support is also achieved thanks to the elasticity of the tape. The tape provides mechanical support. Stimulation of deep receptors in the body, in turn, improves the sense of movement when changing the balance in a specific muscle group. All this leads to a positive effect on joint function.

5.Blocking the appearance of wrinkles.

Speaking about aesthetic applications on the face, all the rules stated above apply. Also, by gluing problem areas on the face, we block the appearance of wrinkles. Thanks to the same elasticity of the tape, which is equal to the elasticity of the skin, additional support and restoration of lost muscle memory are provided. The tape prevents your skin from forming wrinkles again and stimulates muscle function, which allows you to better control them. This helps smooth out wrinkles and prevent new ones from appearing. After removing the application, the skin remembers its tightened state for a long time and remains in this position.

So we got acquainted with all the secrets of how tape works. Agree, everything is brilliant and simple at the same time. Next, let's focus on the important thing, namely contraindications.

CONTRAINDICATIONS TO TAPING

Absolute:

– Malignant neoplasms (tapes can lead to tumor enlargement and metastases throughout the body).

– Infectious diseases (tapes can accelerate the spread of the disease throughout the body, this applies to ordinary ARVI, FLU and more serious ones, such as AIDS).

– Open wounds (non-sterile tape).

– Purulent, pustular and putrefactive skin lesions (tape can lead to blood poisoning – sepsis).

Relative:

– Benign tumors (the tape cannot be glued in the place where the tumor itself is located, so as not to lead to its enlargement).

– Diabetes mellitus (tapes activate muscles and more glycogen is produced, accordingly, more insulin is required to suppress it. If there is insufficient amount of insulin, there is an additional load on the pancreas).

– Kidney failure (tapes work with the lymphatic and circulatory systems, a large part of which is water; first of all, tapes will begin to remove water from the body, and if there are problems with the kidneys, this is dangerous).

– Heart failure, coronary artery disease (work with microcirculation, tapes can have an additional negative effect if a person has heart problems).

– Thrombophlebitis and thrombosis (you cannot glue tapes locally, because tapes work with microcirculation; consultation with a phlebologist is required).

– Lymphadenitis and lymphangitis (tapes work with the lymphatic system, so any inflammatory processes of the lymph nodes are dangerous during taping).

- 1st trimester of pregnancy (it is during this period that you should take a little care and not put too much stress on the body, being careful about miscarriage).

– Allergic reactions (a person with allergies is always at risk; you should start with sizing one zone and then increase the number of zones as needed).

It is also important to know the main parts of the tape:

The anchor of the tape is 2.5-5 cm from the beginning of the tape, always glued in a neutral position without tension.

The therapeutic zone of the tape is the part of the tape that we glue onto the stretched part of the body, glue it with paper-off tension (factory tension when you remove the backing).

Tape backing is the paper base of the tape.

The tip of the tape is 2.5-5 cm of tape, which is glued at the end with 0 tension in a stretched position.

Paper off tension - factory tension 10 - 15%.

And the last thing we will focus on is the criteria for choosing kinesio tapes.

1. Tape composition (cotton or silk). All base patches are made from this organic material. It breathes well, does not cause irritation, and its elasticity properties are close to human skin. Cotton patches are suitable for light to medium-intensity workouts; they are used in cosmetology and aesthetics. Artificial silk is made from viscose, so the material is more durable and at the same time thin, fits tightly to the skin. It also breathes well, is not afraid of water and is pleasant to the touch. Most often, such patches are used for sensitive areas - face, neck, chest - and when taping children.

2. Hypoallergenic tape. Since we wear tapes for up to 7 days, we glue all areas of the body, in order to complete the course, it is important that the skin is free of irritation. The hypoallergenic nature of the tape is an important part of successful rehabilitation and does not cause harm to the client.

3. Adhesive glue, similar in composition to that used in adhesive plasters. This adhesive generally does not cause skin reactions and is suitable for all activities and people of all ages. The adhesive base is not afraid of water. With kinesiology tapes you can take a shower, swim in open reservoirs and pools. The coating is not destroyed by sunlight or exposure to detergents.

4. Elasticity of the tape. Since the tape follows the movement of the master’s hands, it should glide freely over the skin. And the good elasticity of the tape makes it possible to make various applications with tension, maintaining the maximum therapeutic effect.

5. Shelf life of the tape. This is a basic characteristic, but