Hebrews 1-8, Volume 47A

By William L. Lane

The Word Biblical Commentary delivers the best in biblical scholarship, from the leading scholars of our day who share a commitment to Scripture as divine revelation. This series emphasizes a thorough analysis of textual, linguistic, structural, and theological evidence. The result is judicious and balanced insight into the meanings of the text in the framework of biblical theology. These widely acclaimed commentaries serve as exceptional resources for the professional theologian and instructor, the seminary or university student, the working minister, and everyone concerned with building theological understanding from a solid base of biblical scholarship.

Overview of Commentary Organization

• Introduction—covers issues pertaining to the whole book, including context, date, authorship, composition, interpretive issues, purpose, and theology.
• Each section of the commentary includes:
• Pericope Bibliography—a helpful resource containing the most important works that pertain to each particular pericope.
• Translation—the author’s own translation of the biblical text, reflecting the end result of exegesis and attending to Hebrew and Greek idiomatic usage of words, phrases, and tenses, yet in reasonably good English.
• Notes—the author’s notes to the translation that address any textual variants, grammatical forms, syntactical constructions, basic meanings of words, and problems of translation.
• Form/Structure/Setting—a discussion of redaction, genre, sources, and tradition as they concern the origin of the pericope, its canonical form, and its relation to the biblical and extra-biblical contexts in order to illuminate the structure and character of the pericope. Rhetorical or compositional features important to understanding the passage are also introduced here.
• Comment—verse-by-verse interpretation of the text and dialogue with other interpreters, engaging with current opinion and scholarly research.
• Explanation—brings together all the results of the discussion in previous sections to expose the meaning and intention of the text at several levels: (1) within the context of the book itself; (2) its meaning in the OT or NT; (3) its place in the entire canon; (4) theological relevance to broader OT or NT issues.
  • General Bibliography—occurring at the end of each volume, this extensive bibliographycontains all sources used anywhere in the commentary.

• Language: English
• Publisher: Zondervan
• Release date: Oct 10, 2017
• ISBN: 9780310585954

William L. Lane

William L. Lane was Professor Religious Studies at Western Kentucky University for fifteen years, having served before that as Professor of New Testament and Judaic Studies at Gordon-Conwell Theological Seminary. He is no Dean of the School of Religion at Seattle and Professor of Biblical Studies at Seattle Pacific University. He holds degrees from Gordon Divinity School and Westminster Theological Seminary, with a Th.D. in Biblical Studies from Harvard University. His prior publications include the New International Commentary volume on the Gospel of Mark.

Book preview

Editorial Board

Old Testament Editor: Nancy L. deClaissé-Walford (2011–)

New Testament Editor: Peter H. Davids (2013–)

Past Editors

General Editors

Ralph P. Martin (2012–2013)

Bruce M. Metzger (1997–2007)

David A. Hubbard (1977–1996)

Glenn W. Barker (1977–1984)

Old Testament Editors:

John D. W. Watts (1977–2011)

James W. Watts (1997–2011)

New Testament Editors:

Ralph P. Martin (1977–2012)

Lynn Allan Losie (1997–2013)

Volumes

*forthcoming as of 2014

**in revision as of 2014

Word Biblical Commentary

Volume 47A

Hebrews 1–8

William L. Lane

General Editors: David A. Hubbard, Glenn W. Barker

Old Testament Editor: John D. W. Watts

New Testament Editor: Ralph P. Martin

ZONDERVAN

Hebrews 1–8, Volume 47A

Copyright © 1991 by Thomas Nelson, Inc

Previously published as Hebrews 1-8.

Formerly published by Thomas Nelson, now published by Zondervan, a division of

HarperCollinsChristian Publishing.

Requests for information should be addressed to:

Zondervan, 3900 Sparks Dr. SE, Grand Rapids, Michigan 49546

ePub Edition August 2017: 978-0-310-58595-4

The Library of Congress has cataloged the original edition as follows:

Library of Congress Control Number: 2005295211

All Scripture quotations, unless otherwise indicated, are taken from The Holy Bible, New International Version®, NIV®. Copyright © 1973, 1978, 1984 by Biblica, Inc®. Used by permission. All rights reserved worldwide.

The author’s own translation of the text appears in italic type under the heading Translation.

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means—electronic, mechanical, photocopy, recording, or any other—except for brief quotations in printed reviews, without the prior permission of the publisher.

To

the Memory of My Mentors

Glenn W. Barker

a commanding presence in the classroom

a creative theologian

and a man radiant for God

who fashioned me as a teacher

and taught me to delight in Scripture

and

Ned B. Stonehouse

a commanding presence in the forum

an engaging teacher

and a man valiant for faith

who encouraged me to be a commentator

and taught me to listen to the text

Editor’s Note

For the convenience of the reader, content headings for both volumes of this commentary on Hebrews (47A and 47B) are included below. Headings included in the volume in hand are printed in boldface type, while those for the other volume are in lightface.

In addition, all of the front matter from Vol. 47A but the Introduction has been repeated in Vol. 47B so that the reader may have abbreviations, bibliography, and other pertinent information readily at hand.

Editorial Preface

Author’s Preface

Abbreviations

Commentary Bibliography

Main Bibliography

Introduction

The Writer

Intended Audience

Profile of the Audience

Past Stance and Present Crisis

The Social Location of the Intended Audience

Circumstances and Date of Composition

Circumstances of Composition

Date of Composition: General Considerations

The Edict of Claudius

Integrity

Genre

The Homily or Sermon Form

Defining the Genre

Reflections of the Genre

Rhetorical Analysis

Discourse Analysis

Literary Structure

Early Suggestive Approaches

The Synthetic Approach of A. Vanhoye

The Tripartite Scheme of W. Nauck

The Absence of a Consensus

Addendum: The Text-Linguistic Approach of G. H. Guthrie

Purpose and Plan

Conceptual Background

Proposals of Non-Christian Backgrounds

Proposals of Christian Backgrounds

Importance and Appropriation of the Old Testament Text

The Function of OT Texts in the Structure of Hebrews

The Extent of the Writer’s Indebtedness to the OT

Primary Sources for the Writer’s Theology

Mode of Citation

The Writer’s Preferred Text

The Writer’s Appropriation of the OT Text

Hebrews and Judaism: Faith, Polemic, and Pastoral Strategy

The Central Theme of Hebrews

The Treatment of Moses in Hebrews

The Writer’s Use of Comparison

New Priesthood

New Covenant

New Sacrifice

Conclusion

Christology as Pastoral Response

An Orchestrated Christology

Jesus as the Humiliated and Exalted Son

Sonship Interpreted in Terms of Priesthood

Concluding Observations

Hebrews and the Theology of the Hellenistic Church

Stephen and the Hellenists

Locating Hebrews in the Hellenistic Tradition

Recognition

Recognition in the West

Recognition in the East

Concluding Observations

Text

Hebrews: Text and Commentary

I. The Revelation of God through His Son (1:1–2:18)

A. God Has Spoken His Ultimate Word in His Son (1:1–4)

B. The Transcendent Dignity of the Son (1:5–14)

C. The First Warning: The Peril of Ignoring the Word Delivered by the Son (2:1–4)

D. The Humiliation and Glory of the Son (2:5–9)

E. The Solidarity of the Son with the Human Family (2:10–18)

II. The High Priestly Character of the Son (3:1–5:10)

A. A High Priest Worthy of Our Faith Because He Is the Son of God Who Was Faithful (3:1–6)

B. The Second Warning: The Peril of Refusing to Believe God’s Word (3:7–19)

C. Rest as Sabbath Celebration for the People of God (4:1–14)

D. A High Priest Worthy of Our Faith Because He Is Son of God Who Is Compassionate (4:15–5:10)

III. The High Priestly Office of the Son (5:11–10:39)

A. The Third Warning: The Peril of Spiritual Immaturity (5:11–6:12)

B. A Basis for Confidence and Steadfastness (6:13–20)

C. Melchizedek, the Royal Priest (7:1–10)

D. Jesus, Eternal Priest Like Melchizedek (7:11–28)

E. Sanctuary and Covenant (8:1–13)

F. The Necessity for New Cultic Action (9:1-10)

G. Decisive Purgation through the Blood of Christ (9:11-28)

H. The Ultimate Character of Christ’s Single, Personal Sacrifice for Sins (10:1-18)

I. The Fourth Warning: The Peril of Disloyalty to Christ (10:19-39)

IV. Loyalty to God through Persevering Faith (11:1-12:13)

A. The Triumphs of Perseverance in Faith (11:1-40)

1. The Triumphs of Perseverance in Faith in the Antediluvian Era (11:1-7)

2. The Triumphs of Perseverance in Faith in the Patriarchal Era (11:8-22)

3. The Triumphs of Perseverance in Faith in the Mosaic Era (11:23-31)

4. The Triumphs of Perseverance in Faith in Subsequent Eras (11:32-40)

B. The Display of the Necessary Endurance (12:1-13)

V. Orientation for Life as Christians in a Hostile World (12:14-13:25)

A. The Final Warning: The Peril of Refusing God’s Gracious Word (12:14-29)

B. Life within the Confessing Community (13:1-25)

1. Pastoral Precepts (13:1-6)

2. Communal Directives (13:7-19)

3. Closing Doxology (13:20-21)

4. Personal Note (13:22-25)

Indexes

Table of Contents

Editorial Preface

Author’s Preface

Abbreviations

Commentary Bibliography

Main Bibliography

Introduction

The Writer

Intended Audience

Profile of the Audience

Past Stance and Present Crisis

The Social Location of the Intended Audience

Circumstances and Date of Composition

Circumstances of Composition

Date of Composition: General Considerations

The Edict of Claudius

Integrity

Genre

The Homily or Sermon Form

Defining the Genre

Reflections of the Genre

Rhetorical Analysis

Discourse Analysis

Literary Structure

Early Suggestive Approaches

The Synthetic Approach of A. Vanhoye

The Tripartite Scheme of W. Nauck

The Absence of a Consensus

Addendum: The Text-Linguistic Approach of G. H. Guthrie

Purpose and Plan

Conceptual Background

Proposals of Non-Christian Backgrounds

Proposals of Christian Backgrounds

Importance and Appropriation of the Old Testament Text

The Function of OT Texts in the Structure of Hebrews

The Extent of the Writer’s Indebtedness to the OT

Primary Sources for the Writer’s Theology

Mode of Citation

The Writer’s Preferred Text

The Writer’s Appropriation of the OT Text

Hebrews and Judaism: Faith, Polemic, and Pastoral Strategy

The Central Theme of Hebrews

The Treatment of Moses in Hebrews

The Writer’s Use of Comparison

New Priesthood

New Covenant

New Sacrifice

Conclusion

Christology as Pastoral Response

An Orchestrated Christology

Jesus as the Humiliated and Exalted Son

Sonship Interpreted in Terms of Priesthood

Concluding Observations

Hebrews and the Theology of the Hellenistic Church

Stephen and the Hellenists

Locating Hebrews in the Hellenistic Tradition

Recognition

Recognition in the West

Recognition in the East

Concluding Observations

Text

Hebrews: Text and Commentary

I. The Revelation of God through His Son (1:1–2:18)

A. God Has Spoken His Ultimate Word in His Son (1:1–4)

B. The Transcendent Dignity of the Son (1:5–14)

C. The First Warning: The Peril of Ignoring the Word Delivered by the Son (2:1–4)

D. The Humiliation and Glory of the Son (2:5–9)

E. The Solidarity of the Son with the Human Family (2:10–18)

II. The High Priestly Character of the Son (3:1–5:10)

A. A High Priest Worthy of Our Faith Because He Is the Son of God Who Was Faithful (3:1–6)

B. The Second Warning: The Peril of Refusing to Believe God’s Word (3:7–19)

C. Rest as Sabbath Celebration for the People of God (4:1–14)

D. A High Priest Worthy of Our Faith Because He Is Son of God Who Is Compassionate (4:15–5:10)

III. The High Priestly Office of the Son (5:11–10:39)

A. The Third Warning: The Peril of Spiritual Immaturity (5:11–6:12)

B. A Basis for Confidence and Steadfastness (6:13–20)

C. Melchizedek, the Royal Priest (7:1–10)

D. Jesus, Eternal Priest Like Melchizedek (7:11–28)

E. Sanctuary and Covenant (8:1–13)

Indexes

Editorial Preface

The launching of the Word Biblical Commentary brings to fulfillment an enterprise of several years’ planning. The publishers and the members of the editorial board met in 1977 to explore the possibility of a new commentary on the books of the Bible that would incorporate several distinctive features. Prospective readers of these volumes are entitled to know what such features were intended to be; whether the aims of the commentary have been fully achieved time alone will tell.

First, we have tried to cast a wide net to include as contributors a number of scholars from around the world who not only share our aims, but are in the main engaged in the ministry of teaching in university, college, and seminary. They represent a rich diversity of denominational allegiance. The broad stance of our contributors can rightly be called evangelical, and this term is to be understood in its positive, historic sense of a commitment to Scripture as divine revelation, and to the truth and power of the Christian gospel.

Then, the commentaries in our series are all commissioned and written for the purpose of inclusion in the Word Biblical Commentary. Unlike several of our distinguished counterparts in the field of commentary writing, there are no translated works, originally written in a non-English language. Also, our commentators were asked to prepare their own rendering of the original biblical text and to use those languages as the basis of their own comments and exegesis. What may be claimed as distinctive with this series is that it is based on the biblical languages, yet it seeks to make the technical and scholarly approach to a theological understanding of Scripture understandable by—and useful to—the fledgling student, the working minister, and colleagues in the guild of professional scholars and teachers as well.

Finally, a word must be said about the format of the series. The layout, in clearly defined sections, has been consciously devised to assist readers at different levels. Those wishing to learn about the textual witnesses on which the translation is offered are invited to consult the section headed Notes. If the readers’ concern is with the state of modern scholarship on any given portion of Scripture, they should turn to the sections on Bibliography and Form/Structure/Setting. For a clear exposition of the passage’s meaning and its relevance to the ongoing biblical revelation, the Comment and concluding Explanation are designed expressly to meet that need. There is therefore something for everyone who may pick up and use these volumes.

If these aims come anywhere near realization, the intention of the editors will have been met, and the labor of our team of contributors rewarded.

General Editors: David A. Hubbard

Glenn W. Barker*

Old Testament: John D. W. Watts

New Testament: Ralph P. Martin

Author’s Preface

When the invitation arrived to contribute the volume on Hebrews in the Word Biblical Commentary, I was advancing some preliminary studies toward a monograph on the christology of Hebrews. That research had made me alert to the distinctiveness and richness of the writer’s understanding of Jesus and redemption, and to the depth of his pastoral concern for a community in crisis. I welcomed the opportunity to immerse myself in the text and the discussion it had prompted. I was convinced that I would be able to advance both projects in tandem. I had forgotten that an invitation to prepare a comprehensive commentary, especially on a document as complex and richly textured as Hebrews, is an invitation to humiliation. You never know enough. Confidence outstrips competence. And then confidence can falter.

When I took my place at the table among those who were vigorously engaged in the discussion of the text, I quickly realized that it was presupposed that all the participants were linguistically competent. They were speaking at least eleven Western European languages. And to make matters worse, there was no consensus among them. They all claimed to have listened to the text, but they had a tendency not to listen to each other or to learn from one another. The writing of a commentary is often an exercise in discrimination of the relative merits among competing arguments and opinions. Responsible interpretation is never a private affair. The writing of a commentary is a collaborative event. There is no autonomy of insight.

I have frequently had to disengage myself from the discussion of the text within the academy and simply to sit before the text itself, learning again how to listen to the text both in its detail and its totality. The past twelve years have been devoted to a sustained dialogue with the text in order to sharpen my ability to listen responsibly. I have just as frequently returned to the discussion prompted by the text because listening is not accomplished in isolation. Some of my colleagues have grown impatient while waiting for this commentary. When they ask me what I have been doing, I respond that I have been dismantling the mufflers erected between me and the text.

The task of a commentator is not only to organize and summarize the discussion of the text but to contribute to that discussion in a substantial way. For one who makes a theological commitment to the authority of the text in its canonical form, that is a demanding task. One cannot make facile decisions and then move on. At stake is the determination of the meaning of a text of ultimate significance and the expression of that meaning in a clear modern idiom that is faithful to the original and that communicates its intention forcefully to a contemporary reader. I have sought to contribute to the discussion of the text by introducing lesser-known participants in the discussion as well as by my own synthetic response to the text. Undergirding the commentary presented here is the conviction that commitment to the claims of the text is the essential condition for creative exegetical insight.

I have been encouraged and instructed by those who have prepared commentaries, especially O. Michel and C. Spicq, monographs, dissertations, and articles. They have stimulated me to look at the text from different angles of vision. It has been a high privilege to interact with so many gifted scholars who have sought to interpret the witness of Hebrews. The divergence in their conclusions was an incentive to a fresh investigation of the text. I am especially indebted to those who called my attention to unpublished dissertations on Hebrews and who frequently assisted me by securing them for me. I was in the Netherlands when H. W. Attridge’s commentary on Hebrews in the Hermeneia series became available, and regrettably I enjoyed access to it only when this commentary was in its final stage.

A major problem in the preparation of a commentary is that concentration on issues of a textual, grammatical, syntactical, rhetorical, or theological nature within a unit of text can foster a fragmented perception of the unit as a whole, just as concentration upon an individual section can interfere with the discernment of the document as a whole. A serious problem in making use of a commentary is that the concerns of the commentator in an individual section can direct the attention to the details of the text but divert it from the flow of the statement within the section and the document as a whole. In this commentary readers will be advised to read the Introduction to each of the five major divisions discerned in Hebrews before consulting the commentary on a particular section. This will allow the pastoral thrust of the document, as opposed to the section, to be grasped. When turning to individual sections, it will be helpful to read first the Explanation for an overview of the section before consulting the commentary on individual units of the text.

This commentary has been prepared for professional colleagues and seminary students, but also for pastors and teachers in the churches. I have sought to expose myself to the significant work that has been done on Hebrews in any Western European language in order to make that research accessible to those who work primarily in English. This has been a labor of love for the Church. This commentary will provide a resource for determining the state of scholarship on Hebrews. It will also seek to advance the claims of the text for unwavering commitment to God, who continues to speak decisively in his Son to a culture not unlike that to which Hebrews was addressed, one that appears to lack order, structure, and meaning.

Hebrews has acquired a reputation for being formidable and remote from the world in which we live. Consequently, it has been neglected in the liturgy and preaching of the churches, in the curriculum of seminaries, and in the devotional reading of the laity. There has been no dearth of commentaries, monographs, dissertations, and articles on Hebrews. In the course of my own research, I have come to appreciate that significant descriptive phrase from the computer age, informational overload. But Hebrews tends to remain unappreciated and unused in the classroom, the pulpit, and the pew.

Ironically, Hebrews is a call for ultimate certainty and ultimate commitment. James Olthuis has described Hebrews as a certitudinal Book: it concerns itself with the issue of certainty by confronting ultimate questions about life and death with ultimate realities. Its presentation of the way in which God responds to the human family as one who speaks, creates, covenants, pledges, calls, and commits himself is intended to breathe new life into men and women who suffer a failure of nerve because they live in an insecure, anxiety-provoking society. Hebrews participates in the character of Scripture as gift. It is a gift the Church sorely needs.

My debts to others are large, but not easy to define. I am especially indebted to the two mentors who did so much to train me for scholarship, to whose memory this volume is dedicated. A number of graduate students have assisted me in my research: Robert Herron, Kern Trembath, Joseph Causey, Paul Schmidgall, Bedford Smith, Jack Thomas, Bill Bailey, Alan Carter, David Wornam, Michael Card, Brian Yorton, Chris Steward, Pat Cely, Greg Salyer, Roy Swisher, and Alan Lewis. To each of them I express my appreciation. I owe a special debt of gratitude to my colleagues Joe Trafton and Jim Davis, with whom I discussed decisions to which I felt driven by the text, but for which I could find no other support. The writing of a commentary is happily a collegial experience. I am grateful to Robert Hanna of Seminario Evángelico in Maracay, Aragua, Venezuela, who responded to my grammatical questions and kindly presented me with a prepublication copy of his helpful Grammatical Aid.

Access to the splendid collection and the ideal setting for scholarship at Tyndale House in Cambridge, England, first in 1981, and then again in 1988 and 1989, was indispensable to the beginning of my research and to its completion. A year spent at the Institute for Ecumenical and Cultural Research in Collegeville, MN, in 1981–82, and the warm support of the director, Dr. Robert Bilheimer, made it possible for me to draft the commentary on the first eight chapters of Hebrews. A year spent in community in Amsterdam in 1988–89, with the men and women of Youth with a Mission, made it possible to return to the task of completing the commentary in a supportive environment and to sharpen my perspective through engagement in mission. I am appreciative of the careful editing of the manuscript by Dr. R. P. Martin and Dr. L. A. Losie, and for those on the editorial staff at Word Books who have seen the manuscript through the press.

My deepest debt is to my wife, Brenda, who believed in me when I felt inadequate to the task and who has been a source of constant encouragement. We talked at length about the problems presented by the text with which I was wrestling. Her ability to ask instinctively the right questions consistently pointed me in the direction of a solution. She has rejoiced in the completion of every section of the commentary and typed the bulk of the manuscript. I especially appreciate the counsel she gave me one day on a slip of paper tucked in with my work sheets: The commentary is the Lord’s. Do it in his strength! I also appreciate the commitment to the project of my daughter, Debra Gensheimer, who completed the typing of the manuscript and the preparation of the copy for the publisher. I would be remiss if I did not mention the gracious hospitality of Dr. and Mrs. Ben Burgoyne, who made available to me a portion of their home in an exquisite setting where I was able to prepare the pages for the Introduction without distraction.

The writing of this commentary has been an act of love and devotion to God and to the Church. May it serve the Church and the guild well by directing attention to the remarkable gift we possess in the discourse that we call Hebrews.

WILLIAM L. LANE

July 12, 1991

School of Religion

Seattle Pacific University

Seattle, Washington

Abbreviations

A. General Abbreviations

Note: The textual notes and numbers used to indicate individual manuscripts are those found in the apparatus criticus of Novum Testamentum Graece, ed. E. & E. Nestle, rev. K. Aland et al., 26th ed. (Stuttgart: Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft, 1979). This edition of the Greek NT is the basis for the Translation sections.

B. Abbreviations for Translations and Paraphrases

C. Abbreviations of Commonly Used Periodicals, Reference Works, and Serials

D. Abbreviations for Books of the Bible, the Apocrypha, and the Pseudepigrapha

OLD TESTAMENT

Gen

Exod

Lev

Num

Deut

Josh

Judg

Ruth

1 Sam

2 Sam

1 Kgs

2 Kgs

1 Chr

2 Chr

Ezra

Neh

Esth

Job

Ps(Pss)

Prov

Eccl

Cant

Isa

Jer

Lam

Ezek

Dan

Hos

Joel

Amos

Obad

Jonah

Mic

Nah

Hab

Zeph

Hag

Zech

Mal

NEW TESTAMENT

Matt

Mark

Luke

John

Acts

Rom

1 Cor

2 Cor

Gal

Eph

Phil

Col

1 Thess

2 Thess

1 Tim

2 Tim

Titus

Philem

Heb

Jas

1 Pet

2 Pet

1 John

2 John

3 John

Jude

Rev

APOCRYPHA

E. Abbreviations of the Names of Jewish, Pseudepigraphical, and Early Patristic Books

F. Abbreviations of Names of Dead Sea Scrolls and Related Texts

G. Abbreviations of Targumic Material

*optional title

H. Abbreviations of Other Rabbinic Works

I. Abbreviations of Orders and Tractates in Mishnaic and Related Literature

Sources of tractates are indicated as follows: m. (Mishnah), t. (Tosepta), b. (Babylonian Talmud), and y. (Jerusalem Talmud).

J. Abbreviations of Nag Hammadi Tractates

Commentary Bibliography

Andriessen, P., and Lenglet, A. De Brief aan de Hebreeën. Roermond: Roman and Zonen, 1971.

Aquinas, T. Ad Hebraeos. In Super Epistolas S. Pauli Lectura. ed. R. Cai. Turin/Rome: Marietti, 1953.

Attridge, H. W. A Commentary on the Epistle to the Hebrews. Hermeneia. Philadelphia: Fortress, 1989.

Barclay, W. The Epistle to the Hebrews. Daily Study Bible. Philadelphia: Westminster, 1957.

Bénétreau, S. L’ÉpiÆtre aux Hébreux. Vol. 1. Commentaire Evangélique de la Bible 10. Vaux-sur-Seine: ÉDIFAC;, 1989.

Bleek, F. Der Brief an die Hebräer, erläutert dutch Einleitung, Uebersetzung und fortlaufenden Kommentar. 2 vols. in 3. Berlin: Dümmler, 1828–40.

Bonsirven, J. Saint Paul, Épître aux Hébreux. 2nd ed. VS 12. Paris: Beauchesne, 1953.

Bose, W. P. du. High Priesthood and Sacrifice: An Exposition of the Epistle to the Hebrews. New York: Longmans, Green, 1908.

Bourke, M. M. The Epistle to the Hebrews. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall, 1990.

Bowman, G. M. Don’t Let Go! An Exposition of Hebrews. Phillipsburg: Presbyterian & Reformed, 1982.

Bowman, J. W. Hebrews. Richmond: Knox, 1962.

Braun, H. An die Hebräer. HNT 14. Tübingen: Mohr, 1984.

Bristol, L. O. Hebrews: A Commentary. Valley Forge, PA: Judson, 1967.

Brown, R. Christ above All: The Message of Hebrews. Downers Grove, IL: Inter-Varsity Press, 1982.

Bruce, A. B. The Epistle to the Hebrews, The First Apology for Christianity: An Exegetical Study. 2nd ed. Edinburgh: Clark, 1899.

Bruce, F. F. The Epistle to the Hebrews. NICNT Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1964.

Buchanan, G. W. To the Hebrews. AB 36. Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1972.

Calvin, J. The Epistle of Paul the Apostle to the Hebrews. tr. W. B. Johnston. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1963.

Casey, J. Hebrews. Dublin: Veritas Publications, 1980.

Caudill, R. P. Hebrews: A Translation with Notes. Nashville: Broadman, 1985.

Chadwick, G. A. The Epistle to the Hebrews. London: Hodder & Stoughton, –

Chilstrom, H. W. Hebrews: A New and Better Way. Philadelphia: Fortress, 1984.

Chrysostom, J. Homiliae xxxiv in Epistolam ad Hebraeos. PG 63 (1862) 9–256.

——— Homilies on the Gospel of John and the Epistle to the Hebrews. tr. P. Schaff and F. Gardiner. NPNF 14. New York: Scribner’s, 1889.

Corbishley, T. Good News in Hebrews: The Letter to the Hebrews in Today’s English Version. Cleveland: Collins & World, 1976.

Davidson, A. B. The Epistle to the Hebrews. Edinburgh: Clark, 1882.

Davies, J. H. A Letter to Hebrews. Cambridge Bible Commentary. Cambridge: UP, 1967.

Delitzch, F.J. Commentary on the Epistle to the Hebrews. 2 vols. tr. T. L. Kingsbury. Edinburgh: Clark, 1871–72.

Edwards, T. C. The Epistle to the Hebrews. New York: A. C. Armstrong and Son, 1903.

Ellingworth, P. and Nida, E. A Translator’s Handbook on the Letter to the Hebrews. New York: United Bible Societies, 1983.

Evans, L. H. Hebrews. The Communicator’s Commentary 10. Waco, TX: Word, 1985.

Farrar, F. W. The Epistle of Paul the Apostle to the Hebrews. CGTC Cambridge: UP, 1894.

Feld, H. Der Hebräerbrif Beiträge der Forschung. Darmstadt: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, 1985.

Gooding, D. An Unshakeable Kingdom: The Letter to the Hebrews for Today. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1989.

Graf, J. Der Hebräerbrief. Freiburg i/B: Wagner, 1918.

Grässer, E. An die Hebräer: 1. Hebr 1–6. EKKNT 17/1. Zürich: Benziger, 1990.

Gromacki, R. G. Stand Bold in Grace: An Exposition of Hebrews. Grand Rapids: Baker Book House, 1984.

Grosheide, F. W. De Brief aan de Hebreeën en de Brief van Jakobus. 2nd ed. Kampen: Kok, 1955.

Guthrie, D. The Letter to the Hebrews. TNTC Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1983.

Haering, T. Der Brief an die Hebräer. Stuttgart: Calwer, 1925.

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Reviews for Hebrews 1-8, Volume 47A

[atdcross · Rating: 5 out of 5 stars]

This is volume one of a two volume commentary in the Word Biblical Commentary set. This is an excellent commentary, which, although beyond may be beyond one's academic experience, it is not beyond a layman's ability to understand and grasp the full scope of Lane's meaning; and, it is an exciting read! See also my review on Lane's smaller commentary on Hebrews, "A Call to Commitment."