Theory of Discrete Attractors

By Andre Michaud

Introduction to causality based fundamental physics.

Description of the various verified characteristics of stable elementary particles.

Discussion of Quantum Mechanics, Maxwell's theory
and of the gravitation theories of Newton and Einstein from a causality viewpoint.

****

Book whose title metaphorically alludes to Coulomb interaction between elementary scatterable particles.

Description of the various aspects of what is known about stable fundamental particles.

Detailed explanation of how logic and reference frames must be used to allow optimal use of the boundless capacity of our neocortex.

This work is designed to fire up youth's imagination so that more of them become interested in broadening as much as possible the extent of their knowledge base in all directions, and direct their careers in greater numbers towards fundamental research.

• Language: English
• Publisher: Andre Michaud
• Release date: May 6, 2012
• ISBN: 9780988052727

Andre Michaud

President of SRP Inc. Involved since 1982 in manufacturing a popular physics demonstration laboratory Air Table to help teaching classical mechanics (http://www.srpinc.org/airtable.htm). Born in 1944. Initial professional areas: Computer sciences, systems analysis, data processing, computer languages, electronics and equipment-computer interface. Areas of scientific interest: early literacy in children, fundamental physics. Knowledge of electromagnetic theory and particle physics leading to understanding the electromagnetic mechanics of scatterable particles. Knowledge in neurophysiology and neural networks leading to understanding the need for early literacy in children for them to reach optimal intellectual development. Member of the IALFI (International Association for Literacy from Infancy). Current administrator of the General Science Journal (http://www.gsjournal.net/). ------------------------------------------- Published papers: 1 – "On an Expanded Maxwellian Geometry of Space", presented at the International Congress on Physics CONGRESS-2000 Held at St.-Petersburg State University in St.-Petersburg, Russia, from July 3 to 8 of year 2000. (pages 291 to 310 of the Proceedings). 2 - "Field Equations for Localized Photons and Relativistic Field Equations for Localized Moving Massive Particles". International IFNA-ANS Journal. No. 2 (28), Vol. 13, 2007, p. 123-140. Kazan State University, Kazan, Russia. (http://www.gsjournal.net/Science-Journals/Essays/View/2257). ===> по-русски: (http://www.gsjournal.net/Science-Journals/Research%20Papers/View/6049). ===> en français: (http://www.gsjournal.net/Science-Journals/Research%20Papers/View/6650). ===> En español: (http://www.gsjournal.net/Science-Journals/Research%20Papers/View/6672). ===> auf Deutsch: (http://www.gsjournal.net/Science-Journals/%7B$cat_name%7D/View/6689). 3 - "From Classical to Relativistic Mechanics via Maxwell", International Journal of Engineering Research and Development, e-ISSN: 2278-067X, p-ISSN: 2278-800X, www.ijerd.com. Volume 6, Issue 4 (March 2013), PP. 01-10. (http://www.gsjournal.net/Science-Journals/Essays/View/3197). ===> en français: (http://www.gsjournal.net/Science-Journals/Research%20Papers/View/6591). ===> En español: (http://www.gsjournal.net/Science-Journals/Research%20Papers/View/6610). ===> Auf Deutsch: (http://www.gsjournal.net/Science-Journals/Research%20Papers/View/6621). 4 - "Unifying All Classical Force Equations", International Journal of Engineering Research and Development, e-ISSN: 2278-067X, p-ISSN: 2278-800X, www.ijerd.com. Volume 6, Issue 6 (March 2013), PP. 27-34. (http://www.gsjournal.net/Science-Journals/Essays/View/2256). ===> En français: (http://www.gsjournal.net/Science-Journals/Essays/View/3354). ===> En español: (http://www.gsjournal.net/Science-Journals/Research%20Papers/View/6626). ===> Auf Deutsch: (http://www.gsjournal.net/Science-Journals/Research%20Papers/View/6636). 5 - "The Expanded Maxwellian Space Geometry and the Photon Fundamental LC Equation", International Journal of Engineering Research and Development, e-ISSN: 2278-067X, p-ISSN: 2278-800X, www.ijerd.com, Volume 6, Issue 8 (April 2013), PP. 31-45. (http://ijerd.com/paper/vol6-issue8/G06083145.pdf). ===> En français: (http://www.gsjournal.net/Science-Journals/Essays/View/2265) 6 - "The Mechanics of Electron-Positron Pair Creation in the 3-Spaces Model". International Journal of Engineering Research and Development, e-ISSN: 2278-067X, p-ISSN: 2278-800X, www.ijerd.com Volume 6, Issue 10 (April 2013), PP. 36-49. (http://ijerd.com/paper/vol6-issue10/F06103649.pdf). 7 - "On the Einstein-de Haas and Barnett Effects". International Journal of Engineering Research and Development. e-ISSN: 2278-067X, p-ISSN: 2278-800X, www.ijerd.com Volume 6, Issue 12 (May 2013), PP. 07-11. (http://ijerd.com/paper/vol6-issue12/B06120711.pdf). 8 - "On the Electron Magnetic Moment Anomaly". International Journal of Engineering Research and Development. e-ISSN: 2278-067X, p-ISSN: 2278-800X, www.ijerd.com. Volume 7, Issue 3 (May 2013), PP. 21-25. (http://ijerd.com/paper/vol7-issue3/E0703021025.pdf). 9 - "Deriving eps0 and mu0 from First Principles and Defining the Fundamental Electromagnetic Equations Set". International Journal of Engineering Research and Development. e-ISSN: 2278-067X, p-ISSN: 2278-800X, www.ijerd.com. Volume 7, Issue 4 (May 2013), PP. 32-39. (http://ijerd.com/paper/vol7-issue4/G0704032039.pdf). 10 - "On The Magnetostatic Inverse Cube Law and Magnetic Monopoles". International Journal of Engineering Research and Development e-ISSN: 2278-067X, p-ISSN: 2278-800X, www.ijerd.com. Volume 7, Issue 5 (June 2013), PP.50-66. (http://www.ijerd.com/paper/vol7-issue5/H0705050066.pdf). 11 - "The Mechanics of Neutrinos Creation in the 3-Spaces Model". International Journal of Engineering Research and Development. e-ISSN: 2278-067X, p-ISSN: 2278-800X, www.ijerd.com. Volume 7, Issue 7 (June 2013), PP.01-08. (http://www.ijerd.com/paper/vol7-issue7/A07070108.pdf). 12- "The Mechanics of Neutron and Proton Creation in the 3-Spaces Model". International Journal of Engineering Research and Development. e-ISSN: 2278-067X, p-ISSN : 2278-800X, www.ijerd.com. Volume 7, Issue 9 (July 2013), PP.29-53. (http://ijerd.com/paper/vol7-issue9/E0709029053.pdf). 13- "The Corona Effect". International Journal of Engineering Research and Development. e-ISSN: 2278-067X, p-ISSN: 2278-800X, www.ijerd.com. Volume 7, Issue 11 (July 2013), PP. 01-09. (http://www.ijerd.com/paper/vol7-issue11/A07110109.pdf). ===> En français: (http://www.gsjournal.net/Science-Journals/Research Papers/View/3630). 14- "Inside Planets and Stars Masses". International Journal of Engineering Research and Development. e-ISSN: 2278-067X, p-ISSN: 2278-800X, www.ijerd.com. Volume 8, Issue 1 (July 2013), PP. 10-33. (http://ijerd.com/paper/vol8-issue1/B08011033.pdf). ===> En français: (http://www.gsjournal.net/Science-Journals/Research%20Papers/View/3630) 15- "The Last Challenge of Modern Physics". General Science Journal. (September 25, 2011). (http://www.gsjournal.net/Science-Journals/Essays/View/3650). ===> En français: (http://www.gsjournal.net/Science-Journals/Essays/View/3353). ===> En español: (http://www.gsjournal.net/Science-Journals/Research%20Papers/View/5566). ===> Auf Deutsch: (http://www.gsjournal.net/Science-Journals/Essays/View/5645). 16- "The Birth of the Universe and the Time Dimension in the 3-Spaces Model". American Journal of Modern Physics. (July 2016) doi: 10.11648/j.ajmp.s.2016050401.17. (http://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/html/10.11648.j.ajmp.s.2016050401.17.html). 17- "On de Broglie's Double-Particle Photon Hypothesis". Phys Math 7: 153. doi:10.4172/2090-0902.1000153. (http://www.omicsonline.com/open-access/on-de-broglies-doubleparticle-photon-hypothesis-2090-0902-1000153.php?aid=70373). ===> En français: (http://www.gsjournal.net/Science-Journals/Research%20Papers/View/5834). ===> En español: (http://www.gsjournal.net/Science-Journals/Research%20Papers/View/5905). ===> Auf Deutsch: (http://www.gsjournal.net/Science-Journals/Research%20Papers/View/6026). 18- "On Adiabatic Processes at the Elementary Particle Level". J Phys Math 2016, 7:2. doi:10.4172/2090-0902.1000177. (http://www.omicsonline.com/open-access/on-adiabatic-processes-at-the-elementary-particle-level-2090-0902-1000177.pdf). 19- "Comprehension Process Overview" (November 2016). J Biom Biostat 7: 317. doi:10.4172/2155-6180.1000317. (https://www.omicsonline.org/open-access/comprehension-process-overview-2155-6180-1000317.php?aid=81693). ===> En français: (http://www.gsjournal.net/Science-Journals/Research%20Papers/View/6146). 20- "General Neurolinguistics". General Science Journal. (July 26, 2015). (http://www.gsjournal.net/Science-Journals/Research%20Papers/View/6144). ===> En français: (http://www.gsjournal.net/Science-Journals/Research%20Papers/View/6149). 21- "Electromagnetic Mechanics of Elementary Particles" (2016). Scholar's Press. Saarbrücken, Germany. 2016. ISBN: 978-3-659-84420-1. (https://www.morebooks.de/store/fr/book/electromagnetic-mechanics-of-elementary-particles/isbn/978-3-659-84420-1). 22- "Intelligence and Early Mastery of the Reading Skill" (December 2016). J Biom Biostat 7: 327. doi:10.4172/2155-6180.1000327. (https://www.omicsonline.org/open-access/intelligence-and-early-mastery-of-the-reading-skill-2155-6180-1000327.php?aid=84128). ===> En français: (http://www.gsjournal.net/Science-Journals/Research%20Papers/View/6742). 23- "Critical Analysis of a Field Research Report on ADD and ADHD". (January 2017) Int J Swarm Intel Evol Comput 5: 142. doi: 10.4172/2090-4908.1000142. (http://www.omicsonline.com/open-access/critical-analysis-of-a-field-research-report-on-add-and-adhd-2090-4908-1000142.pdf) ===> En français: (http://www.gsjournal.net/Science-Journals/Research%20Papers/View/6750) 24- "On the Relation Between the Comprehension Ability and the Neocortex Verbal Areas". (January 2017). J Biom Biostat 8: 331. doi:10.4172/2155-6180.1000331. (https://www.omicsonline.org/open-access/on-the-relation-between-the-comprehension-ability-and-the-neocortexverbal-areas-2155-6180-1000331.pdf) ===> En français: (http://www.gsjournal.net/Science-Journals/Research%20Papers/View/6825)

Book preview

Theory of Discrete Attractors

André Michaud

Published by SRP Books at Smashwords

Copyright 2012 André Michaud

Smashwords Edition, Licence Note

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Abstract

Introduction to causality based fundamental physics.

Description of the various verified characteristics of stable elementary particles.

Discussion of Quantum Mechanics, Maxwell's theory and of the gravitation theories of Newton and Einstein from a causality viewpoint.

****

Book whose title metaphorically alludes to Coulomb interaction between elementary scatterable particles.

Description of the various aspects of what is known about stable fundamental particles.

Detailed explanation of how logic and reference frames must be used to allow optimal use of the boundless capacity of our neocortex.

This work is designed to fire up youth's imagination so that more of them become interested in broadening as much as possible the extent of their knowledge base in all directions, and direct their careers in greater numbers towards fundamental research.

****

Table of contents

FOREWORD

FUNDAMENTAL PHYSICS

What Holds Particles Together?

Who Is Wrong? Who Is Right?

Available Information

Why Verify?

RECAPITULATION

The Structure Of Matter

The composition of atoms

The dimensions of atoms

The mass and dimensions of particles

Protons and neutrons

The stable states of matter

The granularity of matter

The Evolution of Concepts Regarding Matter

The First Ideas

Newton's Ideas

The Attraction and Repulsion of Charges

The Magnetostatic Field

The Electrostatic Charges

Einstein's Ideas

Verification of Time Contraction

Verification of Spacetime Curvature

Other Proofs of Spacetime Curvature

Quantum Mechanics

The Ideas of James Clerk Maxwell

Energy

The Absorption of Kinetic Energy

The Emission of Kinetic Energy

The Gradual Induction of Kinetic Energy

REASONING METHOD

Reasoning By Perception Of Coherences

Example Of Reasoning By Perception Of Coherences

The Function Of Mathematics

THE FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES

The Principle Of Inertia

The Principle Of Conservation

Potential Energy

The Principle Of Least Action

The Second Principle Of Thermodynamics

Summary Of The Fundamental Principles

The Fundamental Constants

Planck's constant

The charge of an electron

The speed of light

The inverse square law

The inverse cube law

The Neutrinos

ACCELERATION

What Is Acceleration?

Any Object Is Subjected To Acceleration

THE PHOTON

The Mechanics Of The Photon

The Equation Of The Photon

Interactions Between Photons

THE BIRTH OF AN ELECTRON AND A POSITRON

The Units Of Measure Of Energy

The 1.022 Mev Threshold

Positronium

The Spin

The Mechanics Of Conversion

Creation/Annihilation Or Change In Direction?

ASSAULTING THE 4TH DIMENSION

THE BIRTH OF A PROTON AND A NEUTRON

Internal Structure Of The Triad

The Conversion Of A Neutron Into A Proton

Experimental Verification

GRAVITATION

The Quaternary Attractors

Inside Planetary Masses

The Birth Of A Photon

The Death Of A Photon

The Slowing Down Of Atomic Clocks

The Orbit Of Mercury

REGULARITIES

The Atoms

The Solar System

The Titius-Bode's Law

Why Are Orbits Elliptical?

Are Planetary Orbits Stable?

THE UNIVERSE

THE IMPLICATIONS

THE TREASURE HUNT

REFERENCES

BACK COVER

Foreword

This is the final installment of a trilogy introduced in 1996 to re-publicize the discoveries of Pavlov and Chauchard regarding human intelligence. This volume introduces fundamental physics from a causality viewpoint and elaborates on how logic must be used in correlation with the identification of reference frames to take optimal advantage of the incommensurable processing capacity of our neocortex.

Although apparently unrelated both these issues are intimately linked due to the fact that to clearly understand physical objective reality, it is imperative to first understand the workings of the only instrument we have to explore it, namely our neocortex, a 6-layer neural network, which is the most complex single structure in the universe and the seat of our thinking processes.

This book, first published in 1999, is now reissued in eBook format and is aimed at firing up youth’s imagination so that more of them will eventually generalize their academic education and direct their careers towards the various fields of fundamental research.

This trilogy also includes the two following volumes:

1 - Einstein's Operating System

The first book of this series describes the various aspects of the comprehension process common to all humans, but that few have learned to master to full potential.

Up to now, mastery of this process has been left mostly to chance family and social circumstances. Few seem aware however of the dramatic breakthroughs that have been made in the comprehension of this process that we now know can be mastered by all humans.

Such an optimal development results in the eventual awakening of an unquenchable thirst for learning the various aspects of what has been understood in the past, on top of an insatiable curiosity for aspects of reality that have not yet been understood.

2 - A Future as an Heirloom

The second book is meant to be a guide for parents. It is made up of three sections.

The first section is the actual guide for parents and describes the practices that help awaken intelligence in children as they learn to speak. It also provides convenient indicators to help protect their children against ill adapted teaching methods.

The second section explores our relationship with objective reality.

The third section describes how learning of language by children forces the establishment of a coherently structured network of synaptic connections in his neocortex, between the various aspects of his sequences of recollections and the memory imprints that the execution of the sequences of motions required from the speech organs to articulate each word, create in the speech centers, each imprint corresponding to one of the words that the child learns.

We explore here the infrastructure of interconnections thus created and within which our awareness circulates, so to speak, as well as how language can be used to refine even further this extraordinary structure even after the age of 7, the age at which the physiological construction of the brain is practically completed which allows us to continue increasing our comprehension ability, that is, our level of intelligence in the generally understood sense of the word.

Since it is the physical seat of our intelligence, this infrastructure of interconnections could metaphorically be compared some sort of infinitely rich network of paths that become intensely illuminated, so to speak, as our awareness wanders through this extraordinary maze, sometimes at random, such as when we daydream, sometimes with purpose, as when we consciously try to understand or recall something.

For those interested in the actual discoveries and formal references confirming these breakthroughs, a pertaining formal synthesis is regrouped in the following book The Neurolinguistic Foundations of Intelligence also available in eBook formats.

Fundamental Physics

What Holds Particles Together?

Man does not accept so easily to remain eternally ignorant of the nature of things.

All that the scientist creates when he states a fact is the language that he uses to state it.

Henri Poincaré, 1905

When I was young, as I was discovering atoms, protons, neutrons and company, in popular works, I asked myself, like many, What in the world can hold them together?

I became deeply intrigued, as I read various popular works, to discover that scientists thought that it apparently was not gravitation that did the job, and even more so, when I realized that contemporary scientists were not in agreement as to the cause of gravitation.

What surprised me the most was, despite the fact that practically the whole mass of matter was concentrated in the nuclei of atoms, that gravitational attraction as described by Newton was considered much too weak to hold the components of atoms together! I thought: How could they make such an assertion if they don't even know what gravitation is?

Other works asserted that gravitational attraction did not even exist, but that it was some sort of curvature of space-time that explained the apparent attraction between celestial bodies, and that they did not really attract one another!

Moreover, in still other works, it was asserted that it wasn’t the curvature of space-time, nor Newton’s force of attraction that held the atoms together, but an exchange of virtual energy between the nuclei and electrons, and that the particles were not really attracted to one another.

By associating the idea of a Maxwellian electromagnetic field with the theory of quantum mechanics, and with the fabric, so to speak, of Einstein's space-time curvature, some even put forward the idea of the existence of hypothetical particles, gravitons, that would be the cause of attraction between celestial bodies in conjunction with gravitational waves that would vibrate, so to speak, the fabric of this space-time curvature that we have just spoken about.

How confused can one get!

Who is Wrong? Who is Right?

[Back to TOC]

"Epistemologically, the fundamental theories must develop in converging lines of investigation, and if they do not converge, it is an indication that there are flaws in the theories, and they are revised.(f1)"

Alfred Korzybski, 1921

In the wake of this first contact with the subject, even without having understood the various explanations in detail, it appeared to me that a certain degree of confusion seemed to reign in the scientific community. The more so, because many of the greatest physicists of our century have publicly questioned the admitted theories. But a curiously defeatist attitude, that appears rather widespread in fundamental physics, seems to have diverted many physicists from fundamental research.

Here is what Louis de Broglie, whose 1924 thesis on matter waves was at the origin of quantum mechanics, said in 1971, after having adhered for decades to the Copenhagen school of thought on quantum mechanics that considers fundamental particles in atoms as immaterial stationary waves:

But for the past twenty years now, I have been convinced again that we must return to the idea that a particle is a very tiny localized object describing a trajectory.(f2)

Louis de Broglie, 1971

Referring to de Broglie's state of mind before this change in opinion, Georges Lochak, Director of the Louis de Broglie Foundation and Director of Research at the C.N.R.S., said in the Preface of the second edition of Louis de Broglie's magnificent book La physique nouvelle et les quanta:

A book that I highly recommend to all those who really want to comprehend fundamental physics.

He had even yielded to that strange delight that many physicists in our century seem to feel in discovering that things are not clear and thus feel more human because they feel more ignorant.

Georges Lochak, 1973

I am convinced that as he wrote this sentence, Georges Lochak particularly had in mind physicists such as Richard Feynman, who was telling his students in his courses:

"We can only predict the odds! This would mean, if it were true, that physics has given up on the problem of trying to predict exactly what will happen in a definite circumstance. Yes! Physics has given up.

It must be recognized that this is a retrenchment in our earlier ideal of understanding nature. It may be a backwards step, but no one has seen a way to avoid it" (f4)

Richard P. Feynman, 1963

Well, I disagree with Mr. Feynman. It is possible to understand nature. And I have written this book to contribute to raising the high jump bar back to a level that will again permit progress.

Despite his science and his stack of diplomas, this famous physicist and others who shared this manner of thinking, have taught to a whole generation of physicists, in the middle of the century, to adjust the high jump bar of research in fundamental physics to zero, which has greatly contributed, in my opinion, to the almost complete lack of progress since the discovery of Gell-Mann and Zweig, in the early 1960’s.

The effects of gravitation are very well understood and mathematicians can compute with great precision all of its manifestations, but there is no agreement as to what causes it. Since Einstein, astronomical calculations can be pushed to an extreme level of precision in some limit cases.

The same can be said regarding the precision of calculations of the energy levels of elementary particles since the advent of quantum mechanics that eventually brought about still greater refinements, with the advent of quantum electrodynamics and finally of the still shaky science of Quantum Chromodynamics.

____________________________

(f1) Manhood of Humanity, page liii

(f2) La physique nouvelle et les quanta, page 13

(f4) Six Easy Pieces, page 135

****

Available Information

[Back to TOC]

Bending facts to theories is a constant danger, whereas bending theories to facts is essential to science.

Alfred Korzybski

Since there exists only one reality, it appears reasonable to think that gravitation could have only one cause and not many. If we accept this as a premise, only one of the proposed explanations stands a chance of being valid. On the other hand, they could all be invalid, if the real cause of gravitation has not yet really been identified, despite an impression to the contrary of some physicists.

Those who have read and understood the first two books of this trilogy, or who have studied the subject in other books, are certainly aware of the indescribable complexity of the human neocortex and of the richness of the personal models of reality that the most imaginative among us can construct.

The theories that are currently accepted regarding fundamental physics are nothing else but the personal models of reality that were elaborated by those that we see as the geniuses of the past, Einstein, Maxwell, Newton, de Broglie and company, and to which the scientific community has adhered to.

To what extent do the personal models of these great thinkers truly describe reality? Here is the 60 million dollars question! One must consider that the degree of conformity of these models with reality could not surpass what could be imagined from the knowledge that was available when these great thinkers lived.

This observation was also made by Louis de Broglie in the 1930’s, when he emphasized that the work of Sommerfeld, although bringing us closer to reality, did not completely resolve the issue he was considering, despite the accuracy of the underlying idea. Lack of information prevented him from kept him from attaining the conclusion reached by Dirac, a little later.

It then appeared that the leading ideas of the eminent physicist (Sommerfeld) were exact, but that, at the time when he exposed his theory, the quantum doctrine on the one hand, and our knowledge of the electron, on the other, were not advanced enough to allow him to complete his work in an entirely satisfactory manner.(f5)

Louis de Broglie, 1936

In fact, the very same thing can be said of the work of Newton, Maxwell, Einstein, etc. As long as every aspect of fundamental physics has not been totally explained, this will remain true.

The unique objective reality exists no matter what we may think about it, and it is up to us to reassess our theories from time to time to see whether there still is an effective correspondence between all aspects of the accepted theories and what can be observed and extrapolated from objective reality, taking into account what was learned since the previous evaluation.

The fact that the most powerful known correlator, our neocortex, is so amazingly complex, does not prevent it from being extremely easy to use, as described in the book Einstein’s Operating System.

Why wouldn't it be the same for the external universe that could appear bafflingly complex, but whose fundamental laws could very well turn out much more simple than we imagine, because by its very nature, any complex structure is unavoidably made up of simpler elements whose properties allow its construction.

One thing is absolutely certain, it is that only one description, or should we rather say, only one model of reality will really correspond one day to the real objective universe, and we will know that we have finally identified it when all the premises of this unique theory have been verified and confirmed as really corresponding to what can be observed in objective reality.

It does not seem impossible, besides, that the enormous amount of information collected to date, on all aspects of the fundamental particles and on the universe in general, could be sufficient to