Basecamp co-founder David Heinemeier Hansson sparked a national controversy this week when he posted a series of livid tweets about how his wife received a much lower credit limit than he did on their Apple Cards, despite applying with the same financial information. What began as a rant against opaque algorithms turned into a regulatory investigation and more. In this episode, Dr. Ruha Benjamin of Princeton University and entrepreneur Mara Zepeda, co-founder of the XXcelerate Fund and Zebras Unite, talk about how the tech and financial sectors perpetuate systemic inequalities and how to start repairing the damage—or building something more equitable and inclusive from the ground up.Show NotesApple Card - 1:31DHH's Twitter thread - 1:53Steve Wozniak's response - 1:58The New York Department of Financial Services' announcement of its investigation into Goldman Sachs - 2:11"About the Apple Card" (Jamie Heinemeier Hansson) - 2:28Ruha Benjamin's website | Twitter - 2:57Race After Technology by Ruha Benjamin - 2:59University of Michigan article about the failures of the state's MiDAS system - 7:31"Racial bias in a medical algorithm favors white patients over sicker black patients" (Washington Post) - 8:18"Biased bots: Artificial-intelligence systems echo human prejudices" (Princeton University) - 12:40"Amazon scraps secret AI recruiting tool that showed bias against women" (Reuters) - 14:15Ruha Benjamin's Resources - 15:29Joy Buolamwini on Twitter - 16:52"Atlanta Asks Google Whether It Targeted Black Homeless People" (NYT) - 17:40Tuskegee Study, 1932-1972 (CDC) - 18:35Atlantic article about J. Marion Sims and his experiments on enslaved women - 18:51NYT article about China's use of facial recognition technology to oppress the Uighur minority - 20:10"Somerville Bans Government Use Of Facial Recognition Tech" (WBUR) - 20:38"Can you make AI fairer than a judge? Play our courtroom algorithm game" (MIT Technology Review) - 22:31"Brooklyn students hold walkout in protest of Facebook-designed online program" (New York Post) - 23:55Data for Black Lives - 26:25"St. Paul, Ramsey County to end youth data-sharing agreement after withering criticism" (Pioneer Press) - 26:58Mara Zepeda's website - 30:20Mara Zepeda's tweet - 31:00Mara's company, Switchboard - 30:39Business for a Better Portland | Zebras Unite | XXcelerate Fund - 30:47"Where Are the Start-Ups? Loss of Dynamism Is Impeding Growth" (NYT, 2018) - 33:21"Funding for Female Founders Stalled at 2.2% of VC Dollars in 2018" (Fortune) - 33:42Portland Business Journal article on "capital chasm" for black entrepreneurs - 34:37"2014: An Important Anniversary for Women and Credit" (NerdWallet) - 36:54Washington Post op-ed on redlining and other historical factors contributing to the racial wealth gap - 40:26"First Women's Bank would be Chicago's first bank startup in 12 years" (Crain's Chicago Business) - 42:52The Equal Opportunity Credit Act - 43:06Colorado Lending Source - 43:41"Here's Why So Many Americans Feel Cheated By Their Student Loans" (BuzzFeed News) - 44:10"Why Women-Owned Startups Are a Better Bet" (Boston Consulting Group) - 44:50Kauffman Foundation - 46:02Jason Fried's episode on Zebracast - 49:26Sen. Ron Wyden's PROGRESS Act - 52:38America's New Business Plan (PDF) - 53:40The Verge article about the proposed Algorithm Accountability Act - 54:15