Bible Study Guide: 1 Peter: Ancient Words Bible Study Series

By Andrew J. Lamont-Turner

In a world marked by uncertainty, suffering, and trials, the book of 1 Peter emerges as a timeless guide for those seeking hope, resilience, and unwavering faith. Join us on a transformative journey through the pages of this profound epistle as we delve deep into the wisdom of the apostle Peter.

Discover the significance of being 'elect exiles,' a chosen people, and a royal priesthood. Explore the powerful themes of suffering for righteousness' sake, submitting to authorities, and enduring with joy. Unearth the beauty of living stones, holy living, and humble service.

In this comprehensive study, you'll find detailed summaries of each chapter, thought-provoking questions, and reflective prompts that will deepen your understanding of 1 Peter. Together, we'll uncover the interconnectedness of this epistle with the broader tapestry of Scripture and unearth its relevance for contemporary Christian living.

Prepare to be inspired, encouraged, and equipped as you embark on this study of 1 Peter. Let its message of enduring hope and unwavering faith transform your perspective and empower you to live as lights in a world in need of the hope you carry.

Are you ready to dive into the profound teachings of 1 Peter and embrace a faith that shines in the midst of adversity? Join us on this extraordinary journey of discovery and transformation.

• Language: English
• Publisher: Andrew J. Lamont-Turner
• Release date: Apr 19, 2024
• ISBN: 9798224021505

Andrew J. Lamont-Turner

Andrew Lamont-Turner is a theological scholar, author, and Bible teacher who has dedicated his life to pursuing theological knowledge and disseminating spiritual wisdom. With a profound understanding of the scriptures and a passion for teaching, Andrew has emerged as a leading voice in the field of theology. His extensive academic qualifications and love for God and his family have shaped him into a multifaceted individual committed to nurturing spiritual growth and intellectual exploration. Academic Journey: Andrew's academic journey reflects his thirst for theological understanding. He holds a Bachelor of Theology, Bachelor of Theology (Honours), Master of Theology, and a Doctor of Philosophy in Theology. These qualifications represent years of rigorous study and a commitment to excellence in his field. Furthermore, Andrew's intellectual curiosity extends beyond theology, as he also possesses a Bachelor of Education (Honours) and several Postgraduate Certificates in various commercial fields. This interdisciplinary approach has enriched his perspective and broadened his ability to connect theological principles with everyday life. Teaching and Writing: Andrew's knowledge of theology has been expressed through his teaching and writing endeavours. As an educator, he has inspired countless students through his engaging lectures and insights into the scriptures. His ability to distil complex theological concepts into accessible teachings has garnered him a reputation as an exceptional communicator. In addition to his teaching, Andrew is a prolific author who has published several books and a comprehensive Bible study series. His books delve into various aspects of Christian theology, offering insights, practical guidance, and thought-provoking reflections. With meticulous research, clear exposition, and a genuine desire to bridge the gap between academic theology and everyday faith, Andrew's writings have touched the lives of many, nurturing their spiritual growth and deepening their understanding of God's Word. Pastoral Leadership: Living his faith ensures Andrew takes his Pastoral Leadership very seriously. He is the Pastor of a community church in rural South Africa, where he ensures the flock entrusted to him by God is well-fed and looked after.

Book preview

Foreword

Welcome to this comprehensive study guide on the book of 1 Peter from the New Testament Bible. This guide is designed to lead you through an in-depth exploration of the key themes, teachings, and messages found within the pages of this remarkable epistle. As you embark on this journey of study and reflection, you'll discover the timeless wisdom, guidance, and encouragement that the apostle Peter offers to believers facing challenges, uncertainties, and trials.

The book of 1 Peter is a letter written by the apostle Peter to a group of believers scattered throughout various regions, facing persecution and opposition due to their faith in Christ. Peter's words in this epistle provide insights into how to live out one's faith in adversity, cultivate a deep sense of hope, and navigate the complexities of life as a follower of Christ.

Throughout this study guide, you will find detailed summaries of each chapter, explorations of the interconnectedness of 1 Peter with the rest of Scripture, thought-provoking questions to deepen your understanding, prayers inspired by the text's teachings, and reflective prompts to encourage personal introspection. Whether you're seeking to deepen your faith, are a group leader guiding discussions, or are a learner eager to explore the depths of biblical wisdom, this guide is crafted to cater to your spiritual journey.

As you engage with the content of 1 Peter, may you find inspiration, comfort, and strength in the face of challenges. May you be encouraged to embrace your identity as a chosen and royal people, to stand firm in your faith amidst trials, and to live as lights in a world that desperately needs the hope you possess.

The words of 1 Peter transcend time and culture, providing a relevant and transformative message for contemporary Christians. May your study of this epistle bring you closer to the heart of God and empower you to live a life marked by faith, love, and enduring hope. Open your heart to the teachings of Peter, and may your journey through the book of 1 Peter be a source of growth, inspiration, and deepened intimacy with our Lord Jesus Christ.

Blessings on your study,

Andrew

Introduction to this Study

This study comprises questions based on the various verses of Scripture taken from the Book of 1 Peter.

Part 1 of this study explores the background information of the book, for example, who wrote it, when, to whom, why and other aspects of the book.

Part 2 consists of the verse-by-verse study and draws particular attention to specific knowledge that can be gained from verses within the Book of 1 Peter.

Part 3 is the knowledge check, which consists of true or false questions, multiple choice questions, fill-in-the-gap questions, and reflective questions.

Suppose you are using the ebook version of this study. In that case, it is advisable to have a notebook handy to record the answers to the questions. Additional space may also be required to work through the test your knowledge questions.

Answering the questions is not a race. Careful thought should go into writing down the answers, specifically the life application of these questions and their answers.

Engaging in a Bible Study suggests that the reader recognises their need to understand Scripture and the depth of wisdom that follows knowing and understanding God and His ways. This is a spiritual journey and takes time as you investigate the verses, their meaning as the writer intended and their life application. Ensure prayer precedes each step of the way, allowing the Holy Spirit to guide you and opening your heart and mind to the knowledge of God.

This study matters as it might apply to your life’s reality. In other words, this study considers the Book’s Theology and other principles derived from the book within a framework that makes it easier to apply principles to our daily lives. This study is not a commentary, and although specific information about each book is provided, this study does not engage in textual criticism.

PART 1: Book Information

Writer & Audience

The authorship of the first epistle attributed to Peter, the Apostle, is traditionally credited to him (1 Peter 1:1). The singular reference to Peter aligns with the understanding that the letter emanates from him. Throughout the New Testament, only one individual named Peter is recognised as an apostle.

Examining certain passages can offer insights into the parallels between 1 Peter and Peter's teachings in the book of Acts. For instance, comparing 1 Peter 1:20 with Acts 2:23 reveals a connection between Peter's words in his epistle and his speeches recorded in Acts. Similarly, a comparison between 1 Peter 2:7-8 and Acts 4:10-11, along with a reference to Matthew 21:42, elucidates further parallels. Additionally, juxtaposing 1 Peter 4:5 with Acts 10:42 highlights another alignment between the content of 1 Peter and Peter's preaching.

It's worth noting that doubts regarding the direct authorship by Peter arose primarily in the nineteenth century with the advent of critical biblical analysis. Since then, various theories have emerged among scholars. These include the proposition that Silvanus (also known as Silas) authored the epistle, the suggestion of a collaborative effort between Peter and Silvanus, or the notion that an anonymous writer penned it under Peter's name posthumously.

These diverging viewpoints reflect ongoing scholarly discourse surrounding the authorship of biblical texts and the historical contexts in which they were written. Nonetheless, the attribution to Peter remains a central aspect of traditional understanding, supported by internal textual evidence and longstanding theological interpretation.

The authenticity of one of Peter's letters, commonly known as the First Epistle, enjoys widespread acceptance within Christian tradition. From the early centuries of the church, this letter has been revered and included in the works of numerous early church fathers who regarded it as undoubtedly originating from the apostle Peter himself.

From the second century onward to contemporary times, the recognition of this epistle as Peter's own work has remained steadfast and widespread. Its attribution to Peter has been consistently upheld, contributing to its enduring significance in Christian theology and literature.

In terms of external attestation, the support for the authenticity of 1 Peter is robust, rivalling or surpassing that of many other New Testament writings. Apart from the four Gospels and the epistles attributed to Paul, 1 Peter stands out for the strength of its external validation. Throughout history, no credible evidence has challenged its authorship or authority, underscoring its esteemed position among the sacred texts of Christianity.

The authorship of the second epistle attributed to Peter has sparked significant scholarly debate over the centuries. Addressed to believers in the northern regions of the Roman province of Asia Minor, corresponding to present-day western Turkey (2 Peter 1:1), this letter's origins have posed intriguing questions.

One notable aspect contributing to the discussion is the absence of historical evidence indicating that the apostles Peter and Paul directly evangelised this particular geographic area during their lifetimes. Furthermore, the epistle's references and allusions suggest a predominantly Gentile audience, with some inclusion of Jewish believers (2 Peter 1:14, 18; 2:9-10, 25; 3:6; 4:3-4).

These observations have led scholars to explore various theories regarding the authorship of 2 Peter. Some suggest that it may have been composed by Peter's later disciple or follower, writing in his name to address a specific community. Others propose the possibility of multiple authors contributing to the letter, with later editors compiling and attributing it to Peter.

The geographical and cultural context of the recipients, coupled with the complexities surrounding authorship, continue to fuel scholarly inquiry into the origins and significance of 2 Peter. While its precise authorship remains elusive, the epistle's theological content and relevance within the New Testament canon persist as subjects of study and reflection for scholars and believers alike.

Date

According to tradition, Peter's death occurred in the 60s A.D., following his purported residence in Rome during the final decade of his life. The exact date of Peter's martyrdom remains a matter of scholarly debate, with various theories proposing different years for his demise. Some scholars suggest the year 64 A.D., while others advocate for 67 A.D. as the possible time of Peter's passing.

Peter's choice of referring to Rome as Babylon (2 Peter 5:13) has intrigued interpreters throughout history. Many have understood this symbolic designation to critique Rome's pagan practices and moral decadence. By employing the term Babylon, Peter may have intended to evoke imagery of a corrupt and morally bankrupt city, drawing parallels between the ancient city of Babylon and the decadence perceived in Rome during his time.

Interpretations of this cryptic reference vary, with some viewing it as a veiled critique of Rome's political and religious landscape. In contrast, others see it as a symbolic condemnation of worldly power and immorality. Regardless of the exact interpretation, Peter's use of Babylon underscores his concerns about the spiritual and moral challenges faced by the early Christian community in Rome and serves as a poignant reminder of the enduring relevance of his teachings for believers today.

The historical context surrounding the term Babylon, as used by Peter in his epistle, offers valuable insights into its significance. The ancient city of Babylon, prominently featured in the Old Testament, lacked a Jewish population during Peter's era, as documented by Josephus (Ant. 18.371-79). Moreover, by the time Emperor Trajan visited in A.D. 115, Babylon was nearly deserted, further dispelling the notion that Peter wrote his letter there.

While a smaller Roman military colony known as Babylon existed in Egypt during Peter's time, it seems unlikely that this location was the setting for the writing of 1 Peter.

Considering these historical factors, it is plausible to conclude that Peter penned his epistle from Rome around 64 A.D. This aligns with the traditional understanding of Peter spending his final years in Rome and supports the notion that his reference to Babylon was symbolic rather than indicating a specific geographic location.

Theology & Purpose

The first epistle of Peter delves deeply into eschatology, or the study of the end times, a focal point of its theological discourse. However, alongside exploring the world's end, the epistle addresses many other significant themes central to Christian theology.

Among these themes, the letter emphasises the importance of holiness, extending across individual, societal, and communal levels, and the enduring hope and salvation found in Christ. Community and the believer's relationship to the world are also prominent topics, reflecting the tension between living as exiles in a foreign land while striving to embody the values of the Kingdom of God. Furthermore, the epistle offers insights into the nature of the Trinity, affirming the foundational beliefs of the Christian faith.

The intertwining of suffering and glory is central to the theological analysis of 1 Peter. The letter extensively discusses the reality of suffering, with the term suffer appearing fifteen times, underscoring the challenges faced by early Christians. Yet, amid suffering, the epistle also points to the promise of glory, with the term glory occurring ten times, highlighting the ultimate hope and vindication awaiting believers.

Scholars have noted that 1 Peter not only addresses the suffering experienced by Christians but also emphasises their role in engaging with the wider world. The letter encourages believers to navigate the complexities of societal and cultural challenges while remaining steadfast in their faith and witness.

1 Peter provides a rich tapestry of theological reflection, weaving together themes of suffering, hope, salvation, community, and the believer's relationship to the world. Its enduring relevance resonates across centuries, offering guidance and encouragement to believers facing trials and tribulations in every age.

In 1 Peter, we find a unique intertwining of the priestly and prophetic aspects of Christianity, unlike any other place in the New Testament. This epistle blends these dimensions seamlessly, presenting a holistic view of the Christian faith.

Unlike some of the more complex theological treatises in the Pauline texts, 1 Peter predominantly focuses on fundamental Christian doctrine. Rather than assuming prior mastery of theological concepts, it is a foundational text, laying the groundwork for deeper understanding and spiritual growth.

Despite its brevity, comprising only 105 verses, 1 Peter encapsulates the essence of Christian faith and responsibility. It serves as a model of pastoral guidance, addressing a diverse range of topics and elements crucial to the Christian life.

While drawing heavily from traditional material, 1 Peter stands out for its extensive reliance on Old Testament references and imagery. Scholars note that, apart from Hebrews and Revelation, no other book in the New Testament integrates Old Testament themes and passages to the same extent as 1 Peter.

1 Peter emerges as a distinctive and multifaceted epistle within the New Testament canon. Its synthesis of priestly and prophetic elements, its foundational teachings, and its reliance on Old Testament tradition render it a significant and enduring contribution to Christian theology and practice.

The Greek language in the epistle of 1 Peter displays a high level of fluency and skill, adorned with occasional rhetorical flourishes. Alongside Luke-Acts and Hebrews, it ranks among the finest examples of Greek prose within the New Testament.

1 Peter shares notable similarities with the epistle of James, both in terms of length and thematic content. Both letters address Christian communities dispersed throughout the ancient world, offering guidance and encouragement to believers facing various trials and challenges. While James is directed primarily towards messianic Jews, 1 Peter addresses predominantly Gentile Christians. However, both groups share a common experience of living as diaspora communities.

In terms of content, James provides an exegetical exploration of Jesus' Sermon on the Mount, found in Matthew 5—7. At the same time, 1 Peter draws upon similar themes and teachings from Jesus' discourse on discipleship, recorded in Matthew 10. Both epistles offer practical instructions for living out the ethical and moral imperatives of the Christian faith in everyday life.

Despite these similarities, Peter's perspective and motivations differ from those of Paul and John. While each apostle brings unique insights and emphases to their writings, Peter's experiences and theological outlook shape his approach to addressing the challenges and opportunities facing the early Christian community.

In summary, 1 Peter is a testament to Peter's distinct voice within the New Testament canon, offering a blend of eloquent Greek prose, pastoral wisdom, and theological depth. Its parallels with James and its unique contributions to Christian thought enrich our understanding of the diverse perspectives within early Christianity.

Indeed, while all three apostles—Paul, John, and Peter—emphasise the importance of living a life of faith in Christ and obeying His commands, their motivations for action stem from distinct theological perspectives.

For Paul, the cornerstone of his exhortations lies in the realities of justification, also known as positional facts. He frequently points believers to what God has already accomplished through Christ's atoning work, urging them to live in light of their new identity in Christ.

In contrast, John's motivation for action revolves around the realities of sanctification—the ongoing process of being conformed to the image of Christ. He emphasises the transformative work of God in believers' lives. He encourages them to align their actions with the character and will of God as they grow in holiness.

Peter, drawing inspiration from the glory already manifested in Christ and the promises of God, presents a unique perspective. While acknowledging the foundational truths of justification, Peter's focus extends beyond mere descriptive accounts of salvation. He frequently directs believers' attention to the realities of glorification—looking forward to the culmination of their salvation in the future eschatological hope.

While Peter occasionally references justification when discussing salvation, his primary emphasis lies on the ultimate fulfilment of God's promises and the hope of future glory. By highlighting the transformative power of God's promises, Peter motivates believers to live faithfully in anticipation of the future inheritance awaiting them.

While all three apostles emphasise living by faith and obedience, their motivations for action vary, reflecting the diverse theological nuances in the New Testament writings.

In 1 Peter, the apostle clearly articulates the purpose of his letter: to encourage and exhort his readers to remain steadfast in their faith despite the suffering and persecution they were enduring (1 Peter 5:12). The widespread persecution faced by early Christians is evident, with many believers experiencing hostility and opposition due to their commitment to the gospel.

The persecution depicted in 1 Peter mirrors the broader pattern of Christian communities facing challenges and hostility throughout the Roman Empire. While some churches established by Paul encountered opposition from their surrounding communities, others may have experienced relative peace and acceptance. However, in northern Asia Minor, the region addressed by Peter, the persecution of Christians was particularly pronounced.

The persecution intensified following Nero's decision to scapegoat Christians for the devastating fire that ravaged Rome in July of A.D. 64. While it may not have been officially legalised at this point, the targeting of Christians persisted, creating an atmosphere of fear and uncertainty among believers.

Despite their adversity, Peter urges his readers to stand firm in their faith, trusting in God's sustaining grace and the hope of their future inheritance. His letter is a source of encouragement and strength for believers enduring persecution, reminding them of their ultimate victory in Christ.

The persecution faced by early Christians was not solely characterised by state action; rather, it often manifested in forms of social ostracism, hostility from neighbours, and various pressures placed upon believers in their daily lives. While there were instances where state authorities took action against Christians, such interventions were relatively uncommon. They typically occurred in response to specific prosecutions that could not be overlooked.

In these challenges, the letter of 1 Peter emphasises the importance of living a life marked by victory in conduct, character, and conflict. Despite their trials and tribulations, believers were encouraged to maintain a victorious demeanour, reflecting the transformative power of their faith in Christ.

Victory in conduct entails living lives characterised by integrity, righteousness, and love, even in the face of opposition and