Discover millions of ebooks, audiobooks, and so much more with a free trial

Only $11.99/month after trial. Cancel anytime.

The Odyssey
The Odyssey
The Odyssey
Ebook478 pages7 hours

The Odyssey

Rating: 0 out of 5 stars

()

Read preview

About this ebook

The Odyssey is one of two major ancient Greek epic poems attributed to Homer. It is one of the oldest extant works of literature still widely read by modern audiences. As with the Iliad, the poem is divided into 24 books. It follows the Greek hero Odysseus, king of Ithaca, and his journey home after the Trojan War. After the war, which lasted ten years, his journey lasted for ten additional years, during which time he encountered many perils and all his crew mates were killed. In his absence, Odysseus was assumed dead, and his wife Penelope and son Telemachus had to contend with a group of unruly suitors who were competing for Penelope's hand in marriage.

The Odyssey was originally composed in Homeric Greek in around the 8th or 7th century BCE and, by the mid-6th century BCE, had become part of the Greek literary canon. In antiquity, Homer's authorship of the poem was not questioned, but contemporary scholarship predominantly assumes that the Iliad and the Odyssey were composed independently and that the stories formed as part of a long oral tradition. Given widespread illiteracy, the poem was performed by an aoidos or rhapsode and was more likely to be heard than read.

Crucial themes in the poem include the ideas of nostos (νόστος; "return"), wandering, xenia (ξενία; "guest-friendship"), testing, and omens. Scholars still reflect on the narrative significance of certain groups in the poem, such as women and slaves, who have a more prominent role in the epic than in many other works of ancient literature. This focus is especially remarkable when contrasted with the Iliad, which centres the exploits of soldiers and kings during the Trojan War.
LanguageEnglish
Release dateJan 8, 2024
ISBN9781915932341
Author

Homer

Although recognized as one of the greatest ancient Greek poets, the life and figure of Homer remains shrouded in mystery. Credited with the authorship of the epic poems Iliad and Odyssey, Homer, if he existed, is believed to have lived during the ninth century BC, and has been identified variously as a Babylonian, an Ithacan, or an Ionian. Regardless of his citizenship, Homer’s poems and speeches played a key role in shaping Greek culture, and Homeric studies remains one of the oldest continuous areas of scholarship, reaching from antiquity through to modern times.

Read more from Homer

Related authors

Related to The Odyssey

Related ebooks

General Fiction For You

View More

Related articles

Reviews for The Odyssey

Rating: 0 out of 5 stars
0 ratings

0 ratings0 reviews

What did you think?

Tap to rate

Review must be at least 10 words

    Book preview

    The Odyssey - Homer

     >ebook_preview_excerpt.html}r$DZ寤b4+@xE 4Қ& ETfTUQDGh1o_h/?# hlH4xxw?yڇׯ.n?^i_|ơﶸ+ Uo޾'z'ϟ_E$CLqe/a~S:ie+p,Q.}5ZU-ӈC1Km=ʿ+Bw,6O#Fb%,mc_p+yx{q"6kc shqWC-?L 98uJ>uFI*C#?!E\)~NEl}UJy.=:̩*8A6e-M)&EV[ӄev1!848XCUv%y?~(S|=1?~Q]Wv՟|OAm&+eJy򂄍co"FyVŦ.GY~JQd)QB9A~j-nRA Tmb2Χ_\|ݻW3QjT?!Y]%% M{Vš8mcN$%gD:<N$Ï/Uu)(DcŶ|a7_CcIZ*Ψ>xa35M>E!=)'z;C/}3X9nW\?MIf ,VW]U0XS>ޒjb3-" cr/ AKŊ]G>֥ŨVb#FlT5,~c~ʉ A|]:dC˺ M^x*v!1#߈\XP2v1]a]bSYE6N!dH} ئ(? 6f^ubP067LY4.,@DlDTb:/x9ע8C1#<_upHQ]xx/ 7oG ,_~Չ|E R,8rVM򾾯ϴn,紞2 ђ~jJCQ[ -d(K1Q:~^2l [|-^}TՉŮ&P9%A{cK:zm/Z96 Q bME2aN'v󩇏T ͲBn`"!Q'hG*q-yțܡUt(P #Kb9N%Gbf_PSPa.&0dL& u'ySau^0(N.4PQqNq68 q76#+uE5BaJ)@P\pHTԲV &PðD4m\5d a]8JfqM1mZED."$/)BSQ7i,!ԛm?!L~K lú*!S[#L)*7D`?D%g¯~t  zY:%W!j*xQfopY݂T+9Nfk*=#M]kAFwL#^hѳ"뚞 w~{/.¹EߍPYAaJ-iiCh9RO?yވ4-yYz_Cii,A5Pq;L"5;Uy3qi{_%x'1{3W: \oz~ yD5Ž^I+\ Jj(vr~F4/dN'4Y#O@´Mhš?5LKWfxb*ƟR3;%#p{+Aq.`f̕*d/!PԋdO[[AZ>xo'Q-Dcw9I4<}ZB͘'n4frXdAa#~D,9 q$p#2KUFDv8tE9G7Co v!5 @ }?,qY@}+z7_OʏU!G:Pp{3+O1^"%\E[H,ܕk88)6p,F qv0jWŖ~?ࡆ%KC?a_TCi]K# l!=R{=ĂlZ4_eaiR`mQ [D,Fc6+&3Ӭ] voo?`Ӻ-D3 ?{16P:bɜ 'wq-t^eFFlþniT&_`5g((Qן;qj/hy;~l&DHmUCP=aGm@ŦSۭAZ8Nl s90qt`gǔ 7-Vh1J;EO& gH4WhAZu˹`:;}ӢkDVīeqanD-Ϻep qt^_=  b`plu ї 5u8JI(8 njT"@# I5`&6aPfx 6Zdj!6 B4g,{a`֢ȌU~{)#ӋHO-c)40ӁPYk%=ʵy=l4l^H-!T5<0GDU ,RP2HX^isoqR_fϡzXLL! "<SN)Z24zdC]=1BN#7_Dq.|y4b?Fcuglq1(0Z ~lPŖ1԰^dS01AAtb;a# "$&Be`0'>M-߸Cd+~?ל`[!6d~'(~-K}'W// mH]+FG3'k"~<4,rRlh /uq*jE\@W|48B-}w[A~*˶5,r#XESI ]  wQ!+w1|C-¥Rw /ORn Okub.+]+I &ugA(\bBLY[Q+##1k: DXd#_Tu95C,)KDUDkT6uH# #Jq*_ Q3,5fm?ǜvaf>NCˤКQ HeuQ˨,@XNٱBΛSLn֖,.#(̀Ǟo6TO)Soi6ơ0;ő7)=`IuOIpG]1+l]E^ΙL5c94+l,>cg/!qWO.*6:`o 0s&eAТhp~d- @c5ȃ[K HY::Z$CɸYfYN_|dK6u%G~ #z<ů~]|ĐWs]E}k__A1c*s=g\WUC} \TjCKkl5LL޿3~^$ϤƠtMq`VUT*Fݱr{Q"NO>TjwMF|/&ń:2OY{?^kz _zÃ|OBͼˑ yeyWyӋgUaA3Z.3>ŧjpt`Dst1X33!j zTiꋧɖ'$ 4xց!rA}&((Zj[O@^Ri 4`` kщ(ʦnI@G/N.X\px# &$]*[e_:V+5~HBpY܎>DUR3riR>2$EQT$Lv1a\3ZRd)W? ”-)Se%zH~V_?SKto_~Vn:Z#T}-z ?cz~ߧbe*8C{Is9<<Ç9UU"3> ^ˌ}zroH<:0Wq ft>L~w7=ן|秊q:Ɛݓ<3ّTi=)vV-gZzy-Zċ+Lu+9tQ3={ q,8 .)oF|s<W9'tTy67?#-^ѥ_~hFr식QqD%]tWqD_A9e^#'!htJjjz@a 4ZH{HZ1G>oLzQU &n={<ޡbKNQe5 `&F#ԺDڨr|g dHPEF#Mv/qB=x(]E3r_{İa'՘do[L{o Bkr|氰.(egBH[F'V.%i]] qGq:?;{/N/օN~Fm 5?ۘ0*&+&"| zlQqN13Ċ\}8!ap''x.*x Abx[嬇^=;y^7߳O!%諕,|c-pOJר>߱DAk2P&Q @gIV_^{0sEL;5G=o6NC4&U{f~Rq[ |nG䊁 t$tN#,h*l`଴j6z([׸RυF3"mFpT#N.)JUheN}?߼~mۛwnߞ=x_y*~u/e_ jkc.OP7D]w^^^{_do_^gw_|O7o^U7oWo^}nl\p뻛&ME"vD1TxYd/N>Xu -nG^6-@eͬKTJg'YP@056)`֑u+ #B''`$J!h`YFPZ6qq#I64,ulyɏsܱ^]"W0jZjdt{dGmV\To{.5FIl *9 prp(Ru=JxONR۴,,,-a)f HL]Y}#1t4/_bK3X<6@/W*uN^G۳>!bH.gR ,(5*ft bY{hk^\4>D\S6ԣ lxUXۚw) Ka⅞FCm!&x.  l6nhRrg1ZUFgSs Czx_u_^B2Qr I^ >lx_y໫,ژݳBg ‡?k ZlN&Q EXټLvMN~=YG^3l0Uspoq aS9@ VZPb2, +wy\Q] *J΅bXk1NOӵ({2X[)SUG<ժ{s]V Pq 4`B9ݲ՞GڊG9#У9 x>54 XX x{Cml˾Z=&xo_ƞwO[(c HZ-_lPVKĩNaq|mP4|w~(JѢQH#cAAJVg^זPWɾqx=? >B6HZyvk1^EMU* bsJZg<䠍(ƍC Te"ViOR}ڬ g,S2`hb[8x^n  1# EHE4K3%kgdы-h{XvO@Ҧe^Ƌ.#_bkӓKg٨5QqPIXGɰ¼S9Ho Nk"n(r"3f-+*\%_5HP'E56: "Oŕ,KduKX &UJz'8uYN6 ksv]}(+^BCbīyC9^ ZV:|a?e%% u(sPDbkrF3,~hwsX=ij[kG_ ptI7r+=7>m'FdxEX-g3#aSU%`{xnY!ǥ\ f/i,;Ws6}Ft7gS5bZ='tMyOU&m hg#{1Pwф01$fڲ҈6-5Emm-cQf+vw it n$(c71Ѳ9o{Vº,^y V^7<6gVkD[ /-fK04kMj9+SF Mx#J.9qGhTܫpLX!p0xTS?.6T2%#  R@mS~r}|Wղ>[[y3-lAk^m\Xq GX[`4‹4Bѵr9NGɹgC_p37pCd'5LCb#fEFA,xhs+K-VDQ*<Ա,yCgv]5|FkHnt#j>D|xJUKw CJڐ޻Rߏh<޲AHu6 L>t6Z\p+ڳzm!u=hN@ YOIL}%gɔ8 &V 6]˹! w,M3Xe? X;Cvn`׈z¢U!6{XA{4I^#)rﭕL ONFt-I1g'ìB@i`ɼƒ[;7U_3٢M:Y`k }ӨhbڍH&}j)5:5,@1]Z,#.Fdp^UmJXm_!&^ěC54 qn=~ƵnHLLI8FAoel*_hئhG`S~4 "N-`3$&{y=-Qh#<ĎP DJk}T ӤnTtDPE^iF#<o?ksM/Ɖ<Q#65瞱G`*R{5}>Dfxo g9.a&>LwּPgn ɂ6\e i7]Vy'^ [}&2tEL98tNZUr5&oϳbsz^tvq޶iSoꑣ#edR?ΥEs ,sR3WtᖳĘR%/K4#FǢMG~ck1]OmsnF"hafGu;G(:VHOP[/$- :%!#ѻھFfƐ\" z ۨ-;/,jU.yX9V.͐ݷծ'-LMi缴+5OW JD :)Ϸt91s0yY|Jcؘu"ϡD<™iV[j<+ "aĦ _ίݯAIP#F9[RY9;URy (>%;{T Yww,Ԭ:WJ3ּtO/ QImĶ=5ag̨V6~?G3抃9֣ d,6gAZ֋9dH4CXZ+bntj=>|Ͳ (qƶ;{!,=jPhٌݟfK ZB8P4'Oh*ՆYF x'#5FHUQM1Z)CJ0ٳ q >2b'MBYX+$U h[2vT_KM9-z kE.&q5xkM+x'SQ_kxT3̱\3oF֔#3&JWlCthg~_\\^0*[U6;ހ'8_XdefuP :4$L\?]RR\@Ɩf];,p6G^*e[ܹٗǼ.TczvXY|Z4S A<UNfUG+|D2F Knig5 0&9+3vb/gxQq|"R#)1ؐ/.euJhI3"8٣zHۨ4X\ m.[ &N48jkwR zdXFVƞ)eӣJpHOdb1$%;Cn5C7VfQ>+uVy|-&1XWTiˤ"c Y)I;0E}@5C4e\:z] ;[G6Fmm6Sj8$G~O_+Tv-t9,Wh§E:n0fZI fyL<ְzz{RJsqN7Y)ڸg~i/s]>Ew!<qQri/E>Vp2pw5<9s$UNdJ5ʉ^_б9njLCN`ifD!ɤ~hga*i5Z! w8r]vg4QEM%sTR{Ґ~T'1q4 !hXd+4zZ-dz]{W_ˬdi{ۃF抂+j4T2~f_4__M{BV0J_|!ٽVIoHUO_Q C2Irm-NTr
    Enjoying the preview?
    Page 1 of 1