Crafting Minoanisation: Textiles, Crafts Production and Social Dynamics in the Bronze Age southern Aegean

By Joanne Elizabeth Cutler

The mid second millennium BC material record of the southern Aegean shows evidence of strong Cretan influence. This phenomenon has traditionally been seen in terms of ‘Minoanisation’, but the nature and degree of Cretan influence, and the process/processes by which it was spread and adopted, have been widely debated. This new study addresses the question of ‘Minoanisation’ through a study of the adoption of Cretan technologies in the wider southern Aegean: principally, weaving technology.

By the early Late Bronze Age, Cretan-style discoid loom weights had appeared at a number of settlements across the southern Aegean. In most cases, this represents not only the adoption of a particular type of loom weight, but also the introduction of a new weaving technology: the use of the warp-weighted loom. The evidence for, and the implications of, the adoption of this new technology is examined. Drawing upon recent advances in textile experimental archaeology, the types of textiles that are likely to have been produced at a range of sites both on Crete itself and in the wider southern Aegean are discussed, and the likely nature and scale of textile production at the various settlements is assessed.

A consideration of the evidence for the timing and extent of the adoption of Cretan weaving technology in the light of additional evidence for the adoption of other Cretan technologies is used to gain insight into the potential social and economic strategies engaged in by various groups across the southern Aegean, as well as the motivations that may have driven the adoption and adaptation of Cretan cultural traits and accompanying behaviors. By examining how technological skills and techniques are learned and considering possible mechanisms for the transmission of such technical knowledge and know-how, new perspectives can be proposed concerning the processes through which Cretan techniques were taken up and imitated abroad.

• Language: English
• Publisher: Oxbow Books
• Release date: Oct 31, 2021
• ISBN: 9781785709678

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Front cover: Left, detail from the ‘Mistress of Animals’ fresco, and right, detail from the ‘Saffron Gatherers’ fresco, both from Xeste 3, Akrotiri (courtesy Christos Doumas)

Contents

Ancient Textiles Series’ editor preface

Editorial preface

Publications of J. E. Cutler

List of figures

Abstract

Acknowledgements

1. Introduction

2. The nature of the evidence for ‘Minoanisation’

A brief history of archaeological research in the southern Aegean

The Cyclades

The southeast Aegean

The southwest Aegean

The material evidence

The Cyclades

The southeast Aegean

The southwest Aegean

3. The interpretative background

4. Social identity, technological choice and technological change

A ‘Minoan’ identity?

The socially situated nature of technological practices

The transmission of craft skills

The adoption of new technologies

Thinking about connections

5. Textiles and textile technology

Textile production

Bronze Age Aegean textiles: raw materials

Flax and wool: fibre procurement, fibre preparation and associated land and labour requirements

Thread production

Weaving techniques

Loom types

Dyeing

Finishing

Weaving and spinning in the Bronze Age southern Aegean: female technologies?

From textile tools to textiles

Spindle whorls and thread

Loom weights and fabrics

6. Textile production on Crete

The Neolithic and Prepalatial background

Documentary evidence for organised textile production on Crete

Production and exchange of textiles in the wider eastern Mediterranean and Middle East, and implications for the Cretan Bronze Age

Archaeological evidence for the nature of textile production in Protopalatial and Neopalatial Crete

Knossos

Other sites in north central Crete

Phaistos

Ayia Triada

Kommos

Myrtos Pyrgos

Mallia

Sissi

Pseira

Mochlos

Petras

Palaikastro

Other sites in east Crete

Chania

Other sites in west Crete

Summary

7. Textile production in the wider southern Aegean

The Cyclades

Ayia Irini

Phylakopi

Akrotiri

Elsewhere in the Cyclades

The southeast Aegean

Miletus

Iasos

Elsewhere in the southeast and northern Aegean

Warp-weighted loom technology in the southeast Aegean

The southwest Aegean

Kythera

Other islands in the southwest Aegean

The southern Greek mainland

Summary

8. Crafts production and social dynamics

The adoption of Cretan weaving technology: externally and/or internally driven change?

Weaving pan-Aegean fabrics?

Female mobility and the transmission of craft skills

Differential scales of use of the warp-weighted loom?

Ceramic and stone vessel technologies

Cretan ceramic and weaving technologies: a comparative perspective

Strong ties, weak ties

9. Conclusions

References

Ancient Textiles Series’ editor preface

As the lead editor of the Ancient Textiles Series, I am very happy to see this book published. When Joanne Cutler finished her PhD in 2011, we discussed the possibility of publishing her great contribution in this series. Regrettably, Jo’s illness and sudden and tragic death came between us and that goal. It has therefore been a long editorial process. I extend warm thanks to Eva Andersson Strand, Margarita Gleba and Todd Whitelaw for all the hard work they have put in over the years to bring this to completion under very difficult and sad circumstances.

In 2021, Cyprian Broodbank (Jo’s co-supervisor), Carl Knappett and Nicoletta Momigliano (Jo’s PhD examiners) kindly read a few chapters and provided some advice, for which I am likewise grateful.

Christos Doumas graciously granted us permission to use the image of the Akrotiri fresco for the cover, and numerous other colleagues have likewise given their kind permissions to reproduce images. Anne Drewsen dealt with the image copyright permissions and Bela Dimova rescanned many of the images. I am also thankful to Malcolm Wiener for his support and interest in Jo’s research. The publication of this volume has been generously funded by the Institute for Aegean Prehistory and the Centre for Textile Research.

This book is truly a testament to friendship and collegial spirit.

Copenhagen, May 2021

Marie-Louise Nosch

Editorial preface

Joanne Cutler (1962–2018) began her journey in archaeology as a mature student, but within a short time she was flourishing and went on to enjoy an extremely successful career. She earned two BA degrees concurrently, one in Archaeology at the Institute of Archaeology, University College London, in 2005, and the other in Humanities with Classical Studies at the Open University, which she completed in 2006, while also working on her MA. She was awarded First Class Honours for both. She was awarded the Institute of Archaeology’s Roy Hodson prize for her dissertation, and in 2006 received the John Stephen Kassman national prize from the Open University for the best essay on a Classical subject. In 2006 she also completed her MA in Archaeology of the Eastern Mediterranean and Middle East at UCL funded by the UK Arts and Humanities Research Council, with a dissertation Production Systems and Social Dynamics: Towards a Cross-Media Approach to the Minoanisation of the Southern Aegean in the Mid-Second Millennium BC. This was explicitly designed as a library-based exploration of the questions she planned to address through field studies in her doctoral research. Always fascinated by the process of Minoanisation, particularly in the Cyclades, she anchored that interest practically through participating in a field school at Akrotiri on Thera (2002), in fieldwork at Phylakopi on Melos (2003), and studies of survey material on Kythera (2004–2007) and Antikythera (2005).

Returning to UCL in 2006, she embarked on a PhD, also supported by a UK Arts and Humanities Research Council grant, under the supervision of Prof. Todd Whitelaw and Prof. Cyprian Broodbank, entitled Crafting Minoanisation: Textiles, Crafts Production and Social Dynamics in the Bronze Age Southern Aegean. This aimed to address the variable patterns of interaction between communities on Bronze Age Crete, with other communities across the southern Aegean, through the medium of textile techniques and production patterns. However, to establish a Cretan backdrop, it was necessary to conduct systematic comparative research on textile production in later Prehistoric Crete. In 2009, Jo spent four months as a Visiting Scholar at the Danish National Research Foundation’s Centre for Textile Research (CTR) in Copenhagen, beginning a long-term collaboration with the Centre and its researchers. She interrupted her PhD research for eight months to work as Research Associate on the Tools and Textiles, Texts and Contexts: Textile Production in the Bronze Age Eastern Mediterranean research programme. Results of her research were published in various co-authored contributions in E. Andersson Strand and M.-L. Nosch (2015), and in other technical reports. She completed her dissertation in 2011, examined by Prof. Nicoletta Momigliano and Prof. Carl Knappett.

After being awarded her doctorate, Jo received several research fellowships: in 2012, a Michael Ventris Award, and in 2013, a Postdoctoral Research Fellowship from the Institute for Aegean Prehistory to extend the site coverage of textile tools beyond those studied for her doctoral research. In 2013–2015, she held a Marie Curie Intra-European Postdoctoral Fellowship through the Gerda Henkel Stiftung, during which she was based at the Danish National Research Foundation’s Centre for Textile Research, University of Copenhagen, Denmark, with a project Weaving the fabric of society: Bronze Age Aegean economies of cloth. This was designed to extend her Aegean research chronologically into the later phases of the Late Bronze Age, when the deciphered Linear B tablets provide detailed information on the palatial administration of textile production, which she hoped to compare with the archaeological evidence. In 2015, Jo joined the McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research at the University of Cambridge as a European Research Council Research Associate in the project Production and Consumption: Textile Economy and Urbanization in Mediterranean Europe 1000–500 BCE (PROCON). As part of her work with this last project, Jo co-organised a workshop at the British School at Athens in March 2016: Weaving the past: the archaeology of textiles and textile production in Greece in the first millennium BCE, and a symposium at the McDonald Institute at Cambridge in May 2017: Making cities. Economies of production and urbanization in Mediterranean Europe 1000-500 BCE (published in 2021 in the McDonald Institute Conversations Series).

Jo spent happy years travelling around many sites in the Aegean, recording and analysing archaeological materials, particularly textile tools and pottery. She was a specialist on numerous international archaeological projects across the Aegean, including Knossos, Myrtos Pyrgos, Sissi, Mochlos, Pefka, Chryssi, Papadiakambos, Gournia, Galatas, the Pediada survey, Petras and Skinias on Crete, Ayia Irini on Keos, Phylakopi on Melos, Serraglio on Kos, and Miletus in western Turkey. She was also studying for publication stone vessels from Ayia Irini and Phylakopi, to consider cross-craft comparisons. One of her favourite places was Knossos, where she worked in the summers between 2005 and 2016 – a place to which she always returned, both for her own research on textile tools from many Knossos excavations, and also to contribute to all aspects of the Knossos Urban Landscape Project, where she led field teams and developed her expertise in Neopalatial pottery, taking responsibility for the documentation and analysis of the Neopalatial survey pottery. The PROCON project, meanwhile, expanded her work chronologically into the first millennium BC, and geographically into Italy and Spain. During the course of 2015–2016 she recorded and analysed thousands of textile tools across the northern Mediterranean – and the completion of this monumental task by the PROCON team will have a profound impact in the fields of textile studies and Mediterranean archaeology (full publication forthcoming in the McDonald Institute Monographs Series).

Alongside her research, Jo was an engaging teacher and contributed to teaching at UCL (2007–2008, 2014), Birkbeck College (2007–2009), the University of Kent (2012), the University of Copenhagen (2014) and the University of Cambridge (2015–2016). She presented her research through participation at over 20 conferences between 2010 and 2016, and public lectures in London, Athens, Amsterdam, Philadelphia and Pachyammos in Crete.

Jo’s meticulous research resulted in over 40 articles on the textile technology and economy of the Aegean and broader Mediterranean (see Publications below). Unfortunately, Jo’s life and brilliant career in archaeology were cut short by cancer. The present volume stems from her PhD thesis, fulfilling her wish for it to be published.

Apart from Chapter 5, which has been updated by Eva Andersson Strand, Margarita Gleba and Todd Whitelaw with the author’s approval when she was already very ill, the rest of the chapters largely reflect her thesis and the state of knowledge up to the date of Jo Cutler’s voce viva examination in 2011. More works on Minoanisation and relevant subjects are now in print, and much information from various sites that she refers to as ‘under investigation’ has now been published (for example, Momigliano 2012; Bevan and Conolly 2013; Abell 2014, 2016, 2020; Gorogianni, Abell and Hilditch 2016; Gorogianni, Pavúk and Girella 2016; Kiriatzi and Knappett 2016; Nikolakopoulou 2019; Vitale 2019; Morgan 2020). These have been updated or added in the Editorial footnotes where deemed relevant. The list of Jo’s publications will guide the reader towards her other relevant works, which in some cases expand specific sections of the present book – these have also been referenced in the footnotes.

Figure 0. Jo Cutler at the Stratigraphic Museum, Knossos, 2013 (M. Gleba).

The monumental task of collecting data on thousands of objects across dozens of Aegean sites carried out by Jo will likely remain unsurpassed, making this a landmark publication on the important role of textiles and other crafts production in processes of Minoanisation and Mycenaeanisation in the Bronze Age southern Aegean. One of Jo’s main contributions to scholarship, and a key theme in this volume as well as two papers, from 2012 and 2019, is her research on skill acquisition and the role of women’s networks of knowledge in the shaping of wider historical processes, such as Minoanisation. It was Jo’s hope that other scholars will pick up where she left off, and continue her work on a crucial subject that has long remained overlooked. The publication of her thesis in Oxbow’s Ancient Textiles Series will assuredly inspire both more detailed investigations into the sites that Jo explored and textile tool studies at other settlements across the Aegean and beyond.

Jo was an enormously talented, dedicated and determined scholar and above all a person of immense generosity, loyalty and enthusiasm for life. It is our hope that the publication of this volume will serve as another step in preserving her academic and personal legacy.

May 2021

Eva Andersson Strand

Margarita Gleba

Todd Whitelaw

Publications of Joanne Cutler

2012

Cutler, J. 2012. Ariadne’s thread: the adoption of Cretan weaving technology in the wider southern Aegean in the mid-second millennium BC. In Nosch, M.-L. and Laffineur, R. (eds), KOSMOS. Jewellery, Adornment and Textiles in the Aegean Bronze Age. Leuven and Liège: Peeters, Aegaeum 33, 145–54.

Gleba, M. and Cutler, J. 2012. Textile production in Bronze Age Miletos: first observations. In Nosch, M.-L. and Laffineur, R. (eds), KOSMOS. Jewellery, Adornment and Textiles in the Aegean Bronze Age. Leuven and Liège: Peeters, Aegaeum 33, 113–20.

2013

Gleba, M., Harris, S. and Cutler, J. 2013. Production and consumption: textile economy and urbanisation in Mediterranean Europe 1000–500 BCE (PROCON). Archaeology International 16, 54–8.

2014

Cutler, J. 2014. The fabric of Minoanization: textiles, the transmission of craft knowledge and social dynamics in the Bronze Age southern Aegean (Mycenaean Seminar summary). Bulletin of the Institute of Classical Studies 57:2, 138–9.

Cutler, J. and Gleba, M. 2014. A preliminary study of the textile fragment on GR 1919, 11–19.8. Appendix to C. Morgan, A fifth-century BC grave group from Karabournaki in the British Museum. In Valavanis, P. and Manakidou, E. (eds), Essays on Greek Pottery and Iconography in Honour of Professor Michalis Tiverios. Thessaloniki: University Studio Press, 253.

Cutler, J., Andersson Strand, E. and Nosch, M.-L. 2014. Textile production in Quartier Mu. In Poursat, J.-C. with contributors, Fouilles exécutées à Malia. Le Quartier Mu V: Vie quotidienne et techniques au Minoen Moyen II. Athens: École française d’Athènes, Études crétoises 34, 95–119.

Cutler, J., Andersson Strand, E. and Nosch, M.-L. 2014. Technical textile tools report on Phaistos. In Militello, P. Festòs e Haghia Triada. Rinvenimenti Minori I: Materiale per la tessitura. Padova: Bottega D’Erasmo, 291–8.

Cutler, J., Andersson Strand, E. and Nosch, M.-L. 2014. Technical textile tools report on Ayia Triada. In Militello, P., Festòs e Haghia Triada. Rinvenimenti Minori I: Materiale per la tessitura. Padova: Bottega D’Erasmo, 299–306.

2015

Alberti, M.-E., Aravantinos, V., Fappas, I., Papadaki, A., Rougemont, F., Andersson Strand, E., Nosch M-L. and Cutler, J. 2015. Textile tools from Thebes, mainland Greece. In Andersson Strand, E. and Nosch, M.-L. (eds), Tools, Textiles and Contexts. Investigating Textile Production in the Aegean and Eastern Mediterranean Bronze Age. Oxford: Oxbow Books, Ancient Textiles Series 21, 279–92.

Andersson Strand, E., Nosch, M.-L. and Cutler, J. 2015. Textile tools and textile production – studies of selected Bronze Age sites: introduction. In Andersson Strand, E. and Nosch, M.-L. (eds), Tools, Textiles and Contexts. Investigating Textile Production in the Aegean and Eastern Mediterranean Bronze Age. Oxford: Oxbow Books, Ancient Textiles Series 21, 191–5.

Cutler, J. 2015. Minoanization (encyclopedia entry). In Bagnall, R. S., Brodersen, K. C., Champion, B., Erskine, A. and Huebner, S. R. (eds), The Encyclopedia of Ancient History.1 (online edition). John Wiley and Sons.

Demakopoulou, K., Fappas, I., Andersson Strand, E., Nosch, M.-L. and Cutler, J. 2015. Textile tools from Midea, mainland Greece. In Andersson Strand, E. and Nosch, M.-L. (eds), Tools, Textiles and Contexts. Investigating Textile Production in the Aegean and Eastern Mediterranean Bronze Age. Oxford: Oxbow Books, Ancient Textiles Series 21, 247–52.

Elster, E., Andersson Strand, E., Nosch, M.-L. and Cutler, J. 2015. Textile tools from Sitagroi, mainland Greece. In Andersson Strand, E. and Nosch, M.-L. (eds), Tools, Textiles and Contexts. Investigating Textile Production in the Aegean and Eastern Mediterranean Bronze Age. Oxford: Oxbow Books, Ancient Textiles Series 21, 299–308.

Gorogianni, E., Cutler, J. and Fitzsimons, R. D. 2015. Something old, something new: non-local brides as catalysts for cultural exchange at Ayia Irini, Kea? In Stampolidis, N. C., Maner, Ç. and Kopanias, K. (eds), Nostoi: Indigenous Culture, Migration and Integration in the Aegean Islands and Western Anatolia during the Late Bronze Age and Early Iron Age. Istanbul: Koç University Press, 889–921.

Guzowska, M., Becks, R., Andersson Strand, E., Nosch, M.-L. and Cutler, J. 2015. Textile tools from Troia, Anatolia. In Andersson Strand, E. and Nosch, M.-L. (eds), Tools, Textiles and Contexts. Investigating Textile Production in the Aegean and Eastern Mediterranean Bronze Age. Oxford: Oxbow Books, Ancient Textiles Series 21, 309–28.

Militello, P., Andersson Strand, E., Nosch, M.-L. and Cutler, J. 2015. Textile tools from Ayia Triada, Crete, Greece. In Andersson Strand, E. and Nosch, M.-L. (eds), Tools, Textiles and Contexts. Investigating Textile Production in the Aegean and Eastern Mediterranean Bronze Age. Oxford: Oxbow Books, Ancient Textiles Series 21, 207–14.

Militello, P., Andersson Strand, E., Nosch, M-L. and Cutler, J. 2015. Textile tools from Phaistos, Crete, Greece. In Andersson Strand, E. and Nosch, M.-L. (eds), Tools, Textiles and Contexts. Investigating Textile Production in the Aegean and Eastern Mediterranean Bronze Age. Oxford: Oxbow Books, Ancient Textiles Series 21, 215–27.

Papadopoulou, E., Andersson Strand, E., Nosch, M.-L. and Cutler, J. 2015. Textile tools from Archontiko, mainland Greece. In Andersson Strand, E. and Nosch, M.-L. (eds), Tools, Textiles and Contexts. Investigating Textile Production in the Aegean and Eastern Mediterranean Bronze Age. Oxford: Oxbow Books, Ancient Textiles Series 21, 293–7.

Poursat, J.-C., Rougemont, F., Cutler, J., Andersson Strand, E. and Nosch, M.-L. 2015. Textile tools from Quartier Mu, Malia, Crete, Greece. In Andersson Strand, E. and Nosch, M.-L. (eds), Tools, Textiles and Contexts. Investigating Textile Production in the Aegean and Eastern Mediterranean Bronze Age. Oxford: Oxbow Books, Ancient Textiles Series 21, 229–41.

Rahmstorf, L., Siennicka, M., Andersson Strand, E., Nosch, M.-L. and Cutler, J. 2015. Textile tools from Tiryns, mainland Greece. In Andersson Strand, E. and Nosch, M.-L. (eds), Tools, Textiles and Contexts. Investigating Textile Production in the Aegean and Eastern Mediterranean Bronze Age. Oxford: Oxbow Books, Ancient Textiles Series 21, 267–78.

Smith, J., Cutler, J., Andersson Strand, E. and Nosch, M.-L. 2015. Textile tools from Apliki, Cyprus. In Andersson Strand, E. and Nosch, M.-L. (eds), Tools, Textiles and Contexts. Investigating Textile Production in the Aegean and Eastern Mediterranean Bronze Age. Oxford: Oxbow Books, Ancient Textiles Series 21, 329–35.

Smith, J., Cutler, J., Andersson Strand, E. and Nosch, M.-L. 2015. Textile tools from Kition, Cyprus. In Andersson Strand, E. and Nosch, M.-L. (eds), Tools, Textiles and Contexts. Investigating Textile Production in the Aegean and Eastern Mediterranean Bronze Age. Oxford: Oxbow Books, Ancient Textiles Series 21, 337–45.

Tournavitou, I., Andersson Strand, E., Nosch, M.-L. and Cutler, J. 2015. Textile tools from Mycenae, mainland Greece. In Andersson Strand, E. and Nosch, M.-L. (eds), Tools, Textiles and Contexts. Investigating Textile Production in the Aegean and Eastern Mediterranean Bronze Age. Oxford: Oxbow Books, Ancient Textiles Series 21, 253–65.

Tzachili, I., Spantidaki, S., Andersson Strand, E., Nosch, M.-L. and Cutler, J. 2015. Textile tools from Akrotiri, Thera, Greece. In Andersson Strand, E. and Nosch, M.-L. (eds), Tools, Textiles and Contexts. Investigating Textile Production in the Aegean and Eastern Mediterranean Bronze Age. Oxford: Oxbow Books, Ancient Textiles Series 21, 243–6.

Yasur-Landau, A., Goshen, N., Andersson Strand, E., Nosch, M-L. and Cutler, J. 2015. Textile tools from Tel Kabri, Israel. In Andersson Strand, E. and Nosch, M.-L. (eds), Tools, Textiles and Contexts. Investigating Textile Production in the Aegean and Eastern Mediterranean Bronze Age. Oxford: Oxbow Books, Ancient Textiles Series 21, 347–49.

2016

Cutler, J. 2016. Mycenaeanization (encyclopedia entry). In Bagnall, R. S., Brodersen, K. C., Champion, B., Erskine, A. and Huebner, S. R. (eds), The Encyclopedia of Ancient History.1 (online edition). John Wiley and Sons.

Cutler, J. 2016. Fashioning identity: weaving technology, dress and cultural change in the Middle and Late Bronze Age southern Aegean. In Gorogianni, E., Pavúk, P. and Girella, L. (eds), Beyond Thalassocracies. Understanding Processes of Minoanisation and Mycenaeanisation in the Aegean. Oxford: Oxbow Books, 172–85.

Cutler, J. 2016. Producing textiles: the evidence from the textile tools. In Tsipopoulou, M. (ed.), Petras, Siteia I. A Minoan Palatial Settlement in Eastern Crete. Excavation of Houses I.1 and I.2 Philadelphia: INSTAP Academic Press, 175–84.

Cutler, J. and Gleba, M. 2016. Classical textile remains in the British Museum Collection. In Ortiz, J., Alfaro, C., Turell, L. and Martínez, M.J. (eds), Purpureae Vestes V. Textiles, Basketry and Dyes in the Ancient Mediterranean World, Valencia: Universitat de València, 45–8.

2017

Brogan, T. and Cutler, J. 2017. Textile tools. In Apostolaki, A., Brogan, T. and Betancourt, P. (eds), The Alatzomouri Rock Shelter. An Early Minoan III Deposit in Eastern Crete. Philadelphia: INSTAP Academic Press, 81–4.

Cutler, J., Gleba, M. and Cartwright, C. 2017. (Re)discovery of a new Classical textile from northern Karabournaki, Northern Greece, Appendix 2 to Morgan, C., The British Salonika Force, the British School at Athens, and the Archaic-Hellenistic Archaeology of Macedonia. In Shapland, A. and Stephani, E. (eds), Archaeology Behind the Battle Lines: the Macedonian Campaign (1915–19) and its Legacy. London: Taylor and Francis, 165–70.

2019

Cutler, J. 2019. Arachne’s web: women, weaving and networks of knowledge in the Bronze Age southern Aegean. The Annual of the British School at Athens 114, 79–92.

Cutler, J. and Whitelaw, T. 2019. Neopalatial and Mycenaean Knossos: urban expansion and collapse. In 12th International Congress of Cretan Studies. Herakleion: Historical Museum of Crete. https://eventsignup.ku.dk/ctrconference/webinar.html?gid=A2861905-F2D5-494B-A251-BC7D74BE3032&webinar=2340

2020

Cutler, J. and Brogan, T. 2020. Textile tools. In Apostolaki, V. and Betancourt, P.P. (eds), Alatzomouri Pefka. A Middle Minoan IIB Workshop Making Organic Dyes. Philadelphia: INSTAP Academic Press, 103–5.

Cutler, J., Dimova, B. and Gleba, M. 2020. Tools for textiles: textile production at the Etruscan settlement of Poggio Civitate, Murlo, in the seventh and sixth centuries BC. Papers of the British School at Rome 2020, 1–30. doi:10.1017/S006824622000001X

2021

Cutler, J. E., Brogan, T. M. and Whitelaw, T. 2021. Ceramic and lead weights from the shipwreck and along the coast. In Hadjidaki-Marder, E., The Minoan Shipwreck at Pseira, Crete. Philadelphia: INSTAP Academic Press, 63–8.

In press and forthcoming

Cutler, J. Forthcoming. Textile production. In Soles, J.S. and Davaras, C. (eds), Mochlos IVA: Period III. The House of the Metal Merchant and Other Buildings in the Neopalatial Town. Philadelphia: INSTAP Academic Press, Prehistory Monographs.

Cutler J., Whitelaw, T. and Gleba, M. In press. Chapter 19: The weaving equipment. In Barber, R. and Evely, D. (eds), Phylakopi. BSA Supplementary volume.

Gleba, M., Harris, S., Cutler, J., Marín-Aguilera, B. and Dimova, B. Forthcoming. Dressing Cities: Textile Economies in Mediterranean Europe 1000–500 BCE. Cambridge: McDonald Institute Monographs.

Morrison, J. E., Nodarou, E. and Cutler, J. Forthcoming. Tracing clay vessels and loom weights Southeast Aegean connections at Neopalatial Mochlos. In Murphy, J. and Morrison, J.E. (eds), Kleronomia: Legacy and Inheritance. Studies on the Aegean Bronze Age in Honor of Jeffrey S. Soles. Philadelphia: INSTAP Academic Press, Prehistory Monographs 61.

List of figures