Trees, Tree Genetic Diversity and the Livelihoods of Rural Communities in the Tropics: State of the World’s Forest Genetic Resources – Thematic Study

By Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations

This study, prepared within the ambit of The State of the World’s Forest Genetic Resources, reviews what is known about the value of trees for tropical rural communities. It focuses on non-timber products harvested from trees in natural and managed forests and woodlands, the various products and services obtained from trees planted or retained in agroforestry systems, and the commercial products of tree commodity crops. The role of intra-specific genetic variation in determining the value of trees in supporting livelihoods is discussed in each of the three contexts. The study also identifies specific points that should be given particular attention in the future to better support tree-based livelihoods of rural communities in the tropics.

• Language: English
• Publisher: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
• Release date: Jan 18, 2021
• ISBN: 9789251338087

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations

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Dawson, I.K., Leakey, R., Place, F., Clement, C.R., Weber, J.C., Cornelius, J.P., Roshetko, J.M., Tchoundjeu, Z., Kalinganire, A., Masters, E., Orwa, C., McMullin, S., Kindt, R., Graudal, L. & Jamnadass, R. 2020. Trees, tree genetic resources and the livelihoods of rural communities in the tropics. State of the World’s Forest Genetic Resources – Thematic study. Rome, FAO. https://doi.org/10.4060/cb2488en

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Contents

About this publication

Acknowledgements

Executive summary

Chapter 1 Introduction

Chapter 2 The benefits of non-timber forest product harvesting

2.1 Trade and use data

2.2 Harvesting NTFPs for food and nutritional security

2.3 Ancient management of trees and palms for food

2.4 NTFP harvesting and forest conservation

Chapter 3 The benefits of agroforestry practices

3.1 Farming trees to support livelihoods

3.2 Agroforestry tree foods

3.3 Choosing what trees to plant from available genetic variation

3.4 The participatory domestication approach

3.5 Agroforestry practices and tree conservation

3.6 Global environmental services, resilience and local communities’ livelihoods

Chapter 4 The benefits of smallholder tree commodity crop production

4.1 Quantifying smallholder production and value

4.2 Tree commodity crops and the international transfer of genetic resources

4.3 Tree commodity crops, displacement and biodiversity loss

Chapter 5 Final considerations and recommendations

References

Appendix

About this publication

At its 12th Session in 2009, the Commission on Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (the Commission) requested the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) to prepare The State of the World’s Forest Genetic Resources. It stressed that the preparation of this global assessment should be based primarily on country reports on forest genetic resources (i.e. heritable materials maintained within and among tree and other woody plant species that are of actual or potential economic, environmental, scientific or societal value), supported by thematic studies and other available information and knowledge on these resources.

Between 2009 and 2010, FAO, in collaboration with Bioversity International and the World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF), informed and consulted the scientific community on the preparation of a series of thematic studies. Groups of experts were established for this purpose and the coordinators of the groups met twice in 2011-2012 to share information and to coordinate the work.

The Commission considered a draft of the global assessment at its 14th Session in April 2013 and, based on its findings, agreed on the Global Plan of Action for the Conservation, Sustainable Use and Development of Forest Genetic Resources (Global Plan of Action). Subsequently, the FAO Conference adopted the Global Plan of Action at its 38th Session in June 2013. FAO then published The State of the World’s Forest Genetic Resources (FAO, 2014a) and the Global Plan of Action (FAO, 2014b). In the same year, the expert groups also published the key findings of the thematic studies in a special issue of the journal Forest Ecology and Management (see Loo, Souvannavong and Dawson, 2014).

Several of the thematic studies included more analyses and in-depth discussions on various aspects related to the conservation, use and development of forest genetic resources than was possible to publish as scientific articles. Moreover, it was not possible to present in The State of the World’s Forest Genetic Resources the wealth of information from the country reports and the thematic studies. Therefore, the Commission requested, at its 15th Session in 2015, FAO to make the country reports and the thematic