Latin America and the Caribbean Regional Synthesis for the State of the World’s Biodiversity for Food and Agriculture

By Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations

based largely on information provided in fourteen country reports submitted to FAO as part of the reporting process for the report on The State of the World’s Biodiversity for Food and Agriculture.

Biodiversity for food and agriculture is the diversity of plants, animals and micro-organisms at genetic, species and ecosystem levels, present in and around crop, livestock, forest and aquatic production systems. It is essential to the structure, functions and processes of these systems, to livelihoods and food security, and to the supply of a wide range of ecosystem services. It has been managed or influenced by farmers, livestock keepers, forest dwellers, fish farmers and fisherfolk for hundreds of generations.

The report was originally prepared as supporting documentation for an informal regional consultation on the state of Latin America and the Caribbean’s biodiversity for food and agriculture held in Panama City, Panama, 8 to 10 March 2016. It was later revised based on feedback received from the participants of the informal consultation and on an additional country report. It also discusses the state of efforts to promote the sustainable use and conservation of biodiversity for food and agriculture in the region, including through the development of supporting policies, legal frameworks, institutions and capacities.

• Language: English
• Publisher: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
• Release date: Feb 12, 2020
• ISBN: 9789251321591

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FAO. 2019. Latin America and the Caribbean Regional Synthesis for The State of the World’s Biodiversity for Food and Agriculture. Rome.

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Contents

Foreword

Acknowledgements

About this report

Executive summary

General introduction

I.   ASSESSMENT AND MONITORING

1.1 Regional context

1.2 Status, trends and drivers of change of biodiversity for food and agriculture

1.2.1 Associated biodiversity

1.2.2 Wild food species

1.2.3 Summary of country assessments on drivers and trends

1.3. Needs and priorities

II.   SUSTAINABLE USE AND CONSERVATION OF BIODIVERSITY FOR FOOD AND AGRICULTURE

2.1 Sustainable use

2.1.1 Biodiversity and human nutrition

2.1.2 Biodiversity and ecosystem services

2.1.3 Biodiversity and agroecosystem resilience

2.1.4 Biodiversity adaptation to climate change

2.1.5 Ecosystem, landscape and seascape approaches

2.1.6 Traditional knowledge

2.1.7 Needs and priorities

2.2. Conservation

2.2.1 In situ conservation

2.2.2 Ex situ conservation

2.2.3 Needs and priorities

2.3 Access and exchange

2.3.1 Needs and priorities

III.   POLICIES, INSTITUTIONS AND CAPACITY

3.1 Policies, programmes, institutions and other stakeholders

3.1.1 Strengths and weaknesses

3.1.2 Interministerial cooperation

3.1.3 Needs and priorities

3.2 Capacity

3.2.1 Training and education needs

3.2.2 Research needs

IV.   REGIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION

4.1 Major regional initiatives addressing the conservation and use of biodiversity for food and agriculture

4.2 Needs and priorities

REFERENCES

TABLES

Table 1. Land and water areas of the countries covered in this synthesis report

Table 2. Production systems reported in Latin America and the Caribbean

Table 3. Reported constraints to mapping production systems and the state of biodiversity for food and agriculture in Latin America and the Caribbean

Table 4. Associated biodiversity species most frequently reported to be actively managed for the provision of ecosystem services in Latin America and the Caribbean

Table 5. National information systems for associated biodiversity reported in Latin America and the Caribbean

Table 6. Wild food species reported by two or more countries in Latin America and the Caribbean

Table 7. Threats to biodiversity, indicators and trends reported by Costa Rica

Table 8. Reported needs and priorities for the assessment and monitoring of biodiversity for food and agriculture in Latin America and the Caribbean

Table 9. Reported trends in the adoption of selected management practices and approaches in Latin America and the Caribbean

Table 10. Reported policies and initiatives addressing the use of biodiversity for food and agriculture to cope with climate change, invasive alien species and natural or human-made disasters in Latin America and the Caribbean

Table 11. Reported examples of initiatives that use an ecosystem/landscape/seascape approach in Latin America and the Caribbean

Table 12. Reported needs and priorities for the sustainable use of biodiversity for food and agriculture in Latin America and the Caribbean

Table 13. Reported examples of in situ conservation initiatives for wild relatives and landraces of cultivated plant species in Mexico

Table 14. Reported needs and priorities for the conservation of biodiversity for food and agriculture in Latin America and the Caribbean

Table 15. Reported needs and priorities for the assessment and monitoring of biodiversity for food and agriculture in Latin America and the Caribbean

Table 16. Reported needs and priorities in terms of access to and exchange of biodiversity for food and agriculture in Latin America and the Caribbean

Table 17. Examples of reported policies and programmes supporting the sustainable use and conservation of biodiversity for food and agriculture in Latin America and the Caribbean

Table 18.