Arterial Blood Gas Analysis - making it easy

By Anne McLeod

Analysing arterial blood gases is a vital aspect of critical care. Yet many healthcare practitioners are uncertain how to interpret blood gases, and what actions they should take when they have identified alterations. Written by a Senior Lecturer in Critical Care, this easy-to-follow guide will help practitioners at all levels develop their skill in assessing arterial blood gas results.

Key physiology (including the carriage of respiratory gases) is incorporated and applied to the parameters measured in blood gas analysis. Respiratory and metabolic causes of possible changes in blood gases are also explained. A step-by-step guide to assessing blood gases is provided, and examples of blood gases have been included for interpretation.

In addition, case studies have been included, to demonstrate how patient care can be positively influenced by correct interpretation of blood gases. Quizzes are also provided in order to reinforce knowledge as readers work through the book.

• Language: English
• Publisher: M&K Update Ltd
• Release date: Apr 25, 2016
• ISBN: 9781910451557

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Arterial Blood Gas Analysis

making it easy

Anne McLeod

Arterial blood gas analysis – making it easy

Anne McLeod

ISBN: 9781910451-05-2

First published 2016

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Notice

Clinical practice and medical knowledge constantly evolve. Standard safety precautions must be followed, but, as knowledge is broadened by research, changes in practice, treatment and drug therapy may become necessary or appropriate. Readers must check the most current product information provided by the manufacturer of each drug to be administered and verify the dosages and correct administration, as well as contraindications. It is the responsibility of the practitioner, utilising the experience and knowledge of the patient, to determine dosages and the best treatment for each individual patient. Any brands mentioned in this book are as examples only and are not endorsed by the publisher. Neither the publisher nor the authors assume any liability for any injury and/or damage to persons or property arising from this publication.

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Contents

List of illustrations

List of tables

About the author

Introduction

Acknowledgements

Chapter 1

What are arterial blood gases?

Chapter 2

Respiratory gases

Chapter 3

Acid-base balance

Chapter 4

Interpreting blood gases

Chapter 5

How to respond to the results

Chapter 6

Caring for a patient with an arterial line

Quiz answers

References

Index

List of illustrations

Figure 2.1Pulmonary ventilation

Figure 2.2External respiration

Figure 2.3Internal respiration

Figure 2.4Oxygen–haemoglobin dissociation curve

Figure 2.5Effect of pH on oxygen dissociation curve

Figure 2.6Effect of temperature on oxygen dissociation

Figure 2.7Carbon dioxide transport (cells–blood)

Figure 2.8Carbon dioxide transport (blood to alveoli)

Figure 3.1Primary active secretion of hydrogen

Figure 3.2Secondary active transport of hydrogen

Figure 4.1Steps in interpreting blood gases

Figure 6.1The patient’s hand before starting an Allen’s test

Figure 6.2Blanching of the palm during occlusion of the ulnar and radial arteries

Figure 6.3Flushing of the palm after the ulnar artery has been released, demonstrating good collateral circulation

Figure 6.4Arterial line dressing

Figure 6.5Correct arterial line set-up

Figure 6.6Normal arterial waveform

Figure 6.7Underdamp arterial waveform

Figure 6.8Overdamp arterial waveform

List of tables

Table 4.1Causes of respiratory disturbances in arterial blood gases

Table 4.2Causes of metabolic disturbances in arterial blood gases

Table 4.3Interpretation of arterial blood gases

Table 5.1Actions to take to resolve changes in arterial blood gases

About the author

Anne McLeod is a Senior Lecturer in Critical Care at the School of Health Sciences, City University, London.

Introduction

Arterial blood gases are frequently assessed in critical care or if a patient deteriorates unexpectedly. Analysing these blood gases helps practitioners to identify key physiological changes as well as finding

Reviews for Arterial Blood Gas Analysis - making it easy

[Mehmet Karakas · Rating: 5 out of 5 stars]

concise, practical, easy to read,good examples.. great work!! thank you