Grammar & Punctuation
By Ruth Punton
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About this ebook
Grammar & Punctuation is Module 4 in the Fiction Writer's Workbook series. This is an easily understood workbook, without all the long words and obscure terminology of many available Grammar and Punctuation books.
It covers all part of speech, punctuation marks and language usage necessary for any aspiring writers. There are multiple exercises throughout the book to reinforce the learning of each particular related aspect.
Ruth Punton
Born and educated in Dunedin New Zealand.Now retired and living in Busselton Western Australia.When I'm not writing, I read mainly murder mysteries. Painting and photography I also enjoy.As a humanist I consider that all people are more important than any belief system.As a feminist I believe that women, though different from men, should be equal to them in all ways excepting in anatomy and physiology.I am an atheist although I think the whole idea of god is an unknowable concept.I vote Green for no other reason in they have more compassion for people than any other political party.I do not believe Australia is a democracy. How can we be when every 3 or 4 years we can vote for one or t'other and have to put up them and their many stupid ideas for the next 4 years. With the advance in technology why are we not asked by our representative what we think about all major issues and they vote for what we say and not the party.
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Grammar & Punctuation - Ruth Punton
Grammar & Punctuation
Ruth Punton
Copyright 2016 - Ruth Punton
Smashwords Edition
Thank you for downloading this eBook. This eBook is licensed for your personal enjoyment only. This eBook may not be re-sold or given away to other people. If you would like to share this book with another person, please purchase an additional copy for each recipient. If you’re reading this book and did not purchase it, or it was not purchased for your use only, then please return to Smashwords.com and purchase your own copy. Thank you for respecting the hard work of this author.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Chapter 1
Parts of Speech
Nouns
Verbs
Adverbs
Adjectives
Prepositions
Clauses and Phrases
Pronouns
Chapter 2
Punctuation
Capital Letter
Italics
End Punctuation
Commas
Colons
Dash
Hyphen
Brackets
Ellipse
Slash
Chapter 3
Language Usage
Syntax
Sentences
Figurative language
Metaphor and Simile
Other Figures of Speech
Creativity Exercises
Bibliography
Authors Notes
INTRODUCTION
Grammar & Punctuation is the Fourth book in the series Fiction Writing Workbooks
FICTION WRITING WORKBOOK
The complete set will be called Fiction Writer's Workbooks.
Module 1 Creating Characters
Module 2 Plots & Tension
Module 3 Writing the Story - Story Basics and Rewriting
Module 4 Grammar and Punctuation
Module 5 Writing for Children/ Stage and Screen. Haiku
Please note: I have decided to remove the module on publishing.
For eBook publishing, google Smashwords Style Guide by Mark Coker (free). It is better to format your books for eBook distribution using the Smashwords guide and then they can be uploaded to Amazon without further formatting.
For traditional publishing find the requirements for submissions by googling your publishers of choice.
Grammar and Punctuation is the fourth module in the series. In the first three Modules you will have fully created 3 characters, plotted out your short story and written your story.
Exercises - There are many exercises throughout this module. I have not supplied any answers. Learn to look critically at your own work and make sure you are correct. It is easy to become blasé.
For non-English Speakers:
Keep an English dictionary and Roget's Thesaurus beside you and refer to them continually.
Read everything you read or write aloud. When you are speaking to proficient English speakers repeat what they say to absorb the way the language is used. Speak the news back to the presenter on TV - Warn other people in the room so they don't lock you up.
If you have children, read them heaps of children's stories in English. If you don't have any kids then read them aloud to yourself. Start with the Dr Seuss books: Green Eggs and Ham, The Cat in the Hat, One Fish Two Fish Red Fish Blue Fish. Move on to Winnie the Pooh and then try the Harry Potter series. They will be available from any library.
Chapter 1 - Parts of Speech
Nouns
A noun is a naming word.
The name of:
A person - Guess who? Who? Jane
A place - Physical name. Where? Nannup.
A thing - Physical thing. What? Chair.
An action - Abstract name. How? Laughter.
A quality - an action not perceived by the senses. Emotion.
-
Noun Spelling:
Use a capital letter to name a specific noun (a proper noun)
A person - Jane
A place - Nannup
A thing - C.W.A.
A named animal - Fat Cat
-
Spelling changes for number: one or many.
Usually a singular noun becomes plural by adding a …s
helicopter - helicopters
-
Words ending in …ch, …sh, …z, …s become plural by adding ...es
lunch - lunches
bush - bushes
fez - fezes, also fezzes
box - boxes
bus - buses
-
…y preceded by a vowel becomes plural by adding …s
pay - pays
annoy - annoys
-
…y preceded by a consonant, the y becomes i then add es
enemy - enemies
army - armies
-
Three nouns become plural in other ways:
brother - brethren
ox - oxen
child - children
-
…f or …fe become plural by adding s.
muff- muffs
-
…o preceded by a consonant sometimes become plural by adding es.
Hero - heroes
-
or just by adding s.
halo - halos
-
or by changing f to v and adding es
life - lives
wife - wives
-
English is often a stupid language.
Seven nouns have internal changes
woman - women
goose - geese
louse - lice
mouse - mice
man - men
foot - feet
-
Compound nouns become plural by adding s to the crucial part of the noun.
father-in-law - fathers-in-law
good-bye - good-byes
-
Non-English words become plural according to the traditions of the original language.
Thesis - Theses
Monsieur - Messieurs
Addendum - Addenda
-
For plurals of letters, signs and numbers add …'s.
Mind your p's and q's.
Delete all 6's.
Follow the 's to the end
-
Nouns – the possessive case (genitive case).
's shows who is the owner.
Jane's bomb.
Dante's inferno.
A month's pay.
-
Formation of a possessive.
Add 's to a simple noun
Bill's bad temper.
The cat's collar.
Don't add 's after an s or you speak with a whistle.
The Williams' pet snake
-
Add 's after the last word of a group with one idea.
Sister-in-law's kangaroo
Mothers-in-law's strike
C.W.A.'s orgy
* * *
Exercises GP1 - Nouns
Make the following nouns plural.
monkey - piano - self