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    Pottery of the ancient Pueblos. (1886 N 04 / 1882-1883 (pages 257-360))
    Pottery of the ancient Pueblos. (1886 N 04 / 1882-1883 (pages 257-360))
    Pottery of the ancient Pueblos. (1886 N 04 / 1882-1883 (pages 257-360))
    Ebook229 pages1 hour

    Pottery of the ancient Pueblos. (1886 N 04 / 1882-1883 (pages 257-360))

    By William Henry Holmes

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    LanguageEnglish
    PublisherArchive Classics
    Release dateNov 26, 2013
    Pottery of the ancient Pueblos. (1886 N 04 / 1882-1883 (pages 257-360))

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      Book preview

      Pottery of the ancient Pueblos. (1886 N 04 / 1882-1883 (pages 257-360)) - William Henry Holmes

      The Project Gutenberg EBook of Pottery of the ancient Pueblos. (1886 N 04

      / 1882-1883 (pages 257-360)), by William Henry Holmes

      This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with

      almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or

      re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included

      with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org

      Title: Pottery of the ancient Pueblos. (1886 N 04 / 1882-1883 (pages 257-360))

      Author: William Henry Holmes

      Release Date: February 4, 2013 [EBook #41998]

      Language: English

      *** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK POTTERY OF THE ANCIENT PUEBLOS ***

      Produced by Wayne Hammond, PM for Bureau of American

      Ethnology, The Internet Archive (American Libraries) and

      the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at

      http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images

      generously made available by the Bibliothèque nationale

      de France (BnF/Gallica) at http://gallica.bnf.fr)

      SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION——BUREAU OF ETHNOLOGY.

      POTTERY

      OF THE

      ANCIENT PUEBLOS.

      BY

      WILLIAM H. HOLMES.

      CONTENTS.

      ILLUSTRATIONS.

      POTTERY OF THE ANCIENT PUEBLOS.

      By William H. Holmes.

      INTRODUCTORY.

      A study of the pottery of the ancient Pueblo peoples is here commenced in accordance with plans formed years ago by the Director of the Bureau of Ethnology. His aim was to present to the world a monographic work upon the splendid material obtained by the Bureau, including with it the important collections made previously by himself. The preparation of this work has been postponed from time to time with the view of completing the collections, which were being enriched by annual visits to the Pueblo country. Meantime I began the study of the collection for the purpose of securing at the start a satisfactory classification of the material on hand.

      The present paper is the first result of that study. I have, however, taken up only the more ancient groups of ware, leaving the rest for subsequent papers. A comparative study is not attempted, for the reason that a detailed examination of all the groups to be considered is absolutely essential to satisfactory results. Conclusions drawn from partial observations lead generally to error.

      There were great difficulties in the way of treating satisfactorily the modern varieties of ware, as no one had sufficient familiarity with the language of the Pueblo tribes to discuss the ideographic phases of the ornamentation. Mr. F. H. Cushing's studies bid fair to supply this want, and his recent return from Zuñi has led to the preparation of the valuable paper presented in this volume.

      Mr. James Stevenson, who has procured a large portion of the collection of modern pottery, has published catalogues with copious illustrations. Most of the cuts have been prepared under my supervision, and have been selected with the view of securing engravings of a full series of typical examples for a final work.

      PUEBLO ART.

      Distribution.—The ancient Pueblo peoples dwelt in a land of cañons and high plateaus. They had their greatest development in the valley of the Rio Colorado, where they delighted to haunt the shadows of the deepest gorges and build their dwellings along the loftiest cliffs. The limits of their territory are still in a measure undefined. We discover remnants of their arts in the neighboring valleys of Great Salt Lake, the Arkansas, and the Rio Grande, and southward we can trace them beyond the Rio Gila into the table-lands of Chihuahua and Sonora.

      Thus outlined, we have an area of more than one hundred thousand square miles, which has at times more or less remote been occupied by tribes of town-building and pottery-making Indians.

      Character.—High and desert-like as this land is, it has borne a noble part in fostering and maturing a culture of its own—a culture born of unusual needs, shaped by exceptional environment, and limited by the capacities of a peculiar people. Cliff houses and cavate dwellings are not new to architecture, and pottery resembling the Pueblo ware in many respects may be found wherever man has developed a corresponding degree of technical skill; yet there is an individuality in these Pueblo remains that separates them distinctly from all others and lends a keen pleasure to their investigation.

      Treatment.—The study of prehistoric art leads inevitably to inquiries into the origin of races. Solutions of these questions have generally been sought through migrations, and these have been traced in a great measure by analogies in archæologic remains; but in such investigation one important factor has been overlooked, namely, the laws that govern migrations of races do not regulate the distribution of arts. The pathways do not correspond, but very often conflict. The arts migrate in ways of their own. They pass from place to place and from people to people by a process of

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