Opioid Addiction has a profound impact on many aspects of society, including pregnancy. In this episode we delve into the history, pharmacology, effects, and treatment of opioid abuse with special consideration to its effects on pregnancy. feedback@obgyn.fm   Links NIH - America’s Addiction to Opioids: Heroin and Prescription Drug Abuse NIH - The Science of Drug Abuse and Addiction: The Basics Economic Botany - Archaeological evidence for the tradition of psychoactive plant use In the old world AAPS - Opioid Tolerance Development: A Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Perspective AOGS - Prevalence of substance abuse in pregnancy among Danish women ProPublica - How States Handle Drug Use During Pregnancy CNN - Heroin laced with elephant tranquilizer hits the streets NIH - Methadone Maintenance Treatment: a review of historical and clinical issues Pain Medicine - Societal Costs of Prescription Opioid Abuse, Dependence, and Misuse in the United States Obstetrics & Gynecology - Opioid Use Disorder in Pregnancy: Health Policy and Practice in the Midst of an Epidemic