As many as two-thirds of women with epilepsy have seizures that fluctuate with their menstrual cycles. Called catamenial epilepsy, the phenomenon has three distinct patterns.In this episode of Sharp Waves, Dr. Bruna Nucera talks with Dr. Herzog about the three patterns of catamenial epilepsy, the possible mechanisms behind these seizure exacerbations, and how sex hormones otherwise affect both women and men with epilepsy. They discuss polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), female and male fertility issues in people with epilepsy, and what clinicians should know about interactions between anti-seizure medications and sex hormones, as well as treatment for catamenial epilepsy.Links to studies mentioned by Dr. Herzog can be found in the episode’s transcript.---  This episode was reported by Dr. Bruna Nucera, and edited and produced by Nancy Volkers.Contact us with feedback or episode ideas at podcast@ilae.org.Sharp Waves content is meant for informational purposes only and not as medical or clinical advice. The International League Against Epilepsy is the world's preeminent association of health professionals and scientists, working toward a world where no person's life is limited by epilepsy. ILAE website | Facebook | Instagram Twitter feeds: English | French | Japanese | Portuguese | Spanish | ILAE-YES Support the showSharp Waves episodes are meant for informational purposes only, and not as clinical or medical advice.The International League Against Epilepsy is the world's preeminent association of health professionals and scientists, working toward a world where no person's life is limited by epilepsy. Visit us on Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram.