Tom Turner takes an overview of landscape architecture, urban design and garden design - their history, theory, position and prospects.  As an art, landscape architecture dates back over 12,000 years and the earliest written record over 4000 years. It was practised in Europe, South Asia and East Asia, including China and Japan. The oldest treatise containing a set of principles was written, by Vitruvius, in the first century BC. His book, re-discovered during the Renaissance, influenced the planning of cities and gardens. The art then spread to North Europe and the Americas. The name 'landscape architecture' dates from 1828 and was given a new meaning by Frederick Law Olmsted in the 1860s. Landscape architecture, in Olmsted's sense, became a worldwide profession in the twentieth century and the International Federation of Landscape Architects was founded by Sir Geoffrey Jellicoe in 1948. Jellicoe explained it as 'the most comprehensive of the arts'.  Further information can be found on the Gardenvisit.com Youtube Channel and the Landscape Architecture Youtube Channel.