"There's been a lot of good press from the science community on self-assembly of atoms. Well, I guess what I'm looking for is self-assembly and disassembly of large-scale structures...There is all sorts of exciting things we can do when [engineering] structures re-configure themselves." --- Prof. Paul Weaver
This episode features Prof. Paul Weaver, who holds a Bernal Chair in Composite Structures at the University of Limerick in Ireland, and is the Professor in Lightweight Structures at the University of Bristol in the United Kingdom. Lightweight design plays a crucial role in the aerospace industry, and Paul has worked on some fascinating concepts for more efficient aircraft structures. Paul's research has influenced analysis procedures and product design at NASA, Airbus, GKN Aerospace, Augusta Westland Helicopters, Vestas (and many more), and in this episode we cover some of his past accomplishments and his vision for the future.

Central to this vision is artificial metamorphosis, which is a term that Paul coined to describe structures that re-configure by dis-assembly and re-assembly to adapt and optimise on the fly. Although Paul thinks that this vision of engineering structures is still 50 years into the future, he is well known for his work on a related technology: topological shape-morphing. The simplest example of a morphing structure is a leading edge slat, which is used on all commercial aircraft today to prevent stall at take off and landing. Paul, on the other hand, envisions morphing structures that are more integral, that is without joints and which do not rely on heavy actuators to function. Apart from artificial metamorphosis, Paul and I discuss

his teenage dreams of becoming a material scientist
his work with Mike Ashby at Cambridge University on material and shape factors
interesting coupling effects in composite materials that can be used for elastic tailoring
his work with Augusta Westland helicopters on novel rotor blades
why NASA contacted him about his research on buckling of rocket shells
and much, much more

I hope that you get a feel for Paul’s enthusiasm for aerospace engineering. If you enjoy the Aerospace Engineering Podcast you can support it by leaving a review on iTunes or by becoming a patron.

Please enjoy this wide ranging conversation with Prof. Paul Weaver!

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Selected Links from the Episode

Bernal Institute, University of Limerick
Paul’s research group at the University of Limerick and the University of Bristol
Structures: Or Why Things Don't Fall Down and The New Science of Strong Materials: Or Why You Don't Fall Through the Floor by Prof. J E Gordon
Prof. Mike Ashby, materials selection using Ashby plots and its geometrical counterpart: shape factors, CES Materials Selector
Second moment of area
AugustaWestland AW101 Merlin helicopter that uses bend-twist coupling in the rotor blades to decouple vibration modes
Bend-twist coupling of a wing-box explained on the Grumman X-29
Geometrically swept wind-turbine blades for improved performance
Imperfection sensitivity of cylinders (the introduction of this paper conveys the message)
Video of collapsing soda can and "scientific" crush test
Morphing:

NASA morphing aircraft
FlexSys wing without flaps
A project by NASA and MIT on flexible morphing structures
NASA shape-shifting wings
A morphing air inlet


A video featuring Paul talking about his research and vision for artificial metamorphosis
Some topics related to metamorphosis are:

Molecular self-assembly
4D printing
Re-configurable materials


The deHavilland Mosquito, the importance of phenolic resins in constructing the Mosquito, and Norman de Bruyne