Economists have been weighing each twist and turn of the economy to determine whether we are going “up” or “down.” Many are predicting a recession at some point, while a few say we’re already in a recession because the economy is contracting. But does this economy show the typical signs of a recession? One MarketWatch contributor doesn’t think so.Hi, I'm Kathy Fettke and this is Real Estate News for Investors. If you like our podcast, please subscribe and leave us a review.As you may know, two quarters of negative economic growth are usually interpreted as a recession. We’ve already seen negative growth in the first quarter. The economy contracted at an annual rate of 1.6%. And now, there are analysts and GDP trackers that are predicting the second quarter will decline as well. The Q2 numbers won’t be out until the end of this month, but in the meantime, there are plenty of people looking at historical patterns to determine what might be happening, or not happening.Economy Still Quite HealthyMarketWatch contributor, Jeffrey Bartash, doesn’t believe the typical definition of a recession will hold true this time around. He says the report we see on the “gross domestic product” is often reduced to simple headlines that don’t tell the whole story, and that, right now, “many parts of the U.S. economy still seem quite healthy.” (1)For one, consumer spending and business investment both rose in the first quarter. Consumers are well employed with plenty of savings from the pandemic, while businesses are creating hundreds of thousands of jobs that they can’t fill because of a labor shortage. The unemployment rate is 3.6% which is close to a 54-year low. That makes layoffs less likely, even if the economy sputters in the months ahead.Blame the International Trade DeficitBut the economy did decline in Q1. Bartash says it’s not because the economy is in bad shape. He says it’s because of a surge in the international trade deficit, and that happened because of supply chain issues. Many companies placed bigger orders for foreign goods to “stock up.” But the surge in goods coming into the country also made it look like our economy was slowing down. There’s a group of eight economists at the National Bureau of Economic Research who study all the details of a potential recession. Bartash says they pay special attention to hiring, unemployment, manufacturing, consumer income, and consumer spending, adjusted for inflation. And he says none of those data points support the idea of a U.S. recession, right now.NBER’s Definition of “Recession”The NBER’s definition of a recession is a little different than two consecutive quarters of negative economic growth. It says a recession happens when there’s “a significant decline in economic activity that is spread across the economy and that lasts more than a few months.” It also says that a downturn has to be “deep, broad, and long-lasting” before it’s considered a recession. We still have about three weeks before the official report comes out on the second quarter GDP. As Bartash points out, a lot can change between now and then, and between now and next year. This is why some economists are predicting a potential downturn or recession in 2023. But most agree, an economic slowdown has already begun.As Senior Wells Fargo Economist, Sam Bullard, told CNBC: “There are certainly a lot of challenges ahead. The latest incoming data clearly signals there has been a loss of momentum.”Economic Challenges AheadA few weeks ago, the Federal Reserve lowered its full-year GDP estimate to just 1.7% from 2.8%. Both those numbers are substantially lower than last year when the GDP was 5.7%. (2)The central bank lowered its outlook after it announced the biggest rate hike in 28 years to help curb inflation. It raised the Federal Funds rate 75 basis points, and is now planning to do the same at its July meeting. Fed Chief Jerome Powell has emphasized the need to fight inflation. The Consumer Price Index hit 8.6% in May.Highe