The Old Celtic Dictionary

By Vincent F. Pintado

Dive into the past like never before and explore one of histories most storied languages.

 

Reimagined and refined, this new edition of the Old Celtic Dictionary provides a one of a kind exploration of the Celtic language. Vincent F. Pintado spent over thirty years researching and compiling over 9,000 primitive and ancient Celtic words and brings them together in one concise volume for the first time.

 

The Old Celtic Dictionary introduces readers to a language stretching back nearly two thousand years. Focusing on everything before 400 A.D., Pintado breaks down the primitive letters and has the most comprehensive word list ever put together. Perfect for academics and serious hobbyists, this is a worthy addition to any collection. Complete with detailed ties to Gaelic, Galician, and Welsh languages, there has never been a more thorough study of Old Celtic.

 

The past comes to life through a series of enlightening illustrations detailing the connection between Old Celtic and the modern age. History come to life with The Old Celtic Dictionary.

 

• Language: English
• Publisher: Tìr na Craobh
• Release date: Jan 21, 2023
• ISBN: 9781988755410

Vincent F. Pintado

Vincent F. Pintado is originally from Galicia. He graduated from Chaffey Community College in Alta Loma, California and embarked upon a career reaching far into the past. A fierce advocate for the Galician language and culture, Vincent is a lexicographer and Old Celtic language researcher living in southern California. The Old Celtic Dictionary has been a 30 project and the passion of his adult life.

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Reviews

The effort put forward to understand the current political landscape of what once was the Celtic lands can only be understood by examining the past. This dictionary goes to the root of this by giving an understanding of the language that shaped their world view. A must read for anyone interested in current affairs of Ireland, Scotland and wales.

— Rev. Dumitru Ichim PHD.

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Tá 'n leabhar seo - Foclóir Sean Ceiltis / Foclóir Sean Ceiltigh - leabhar tábhachtach mór le daoine 'g foghlaim agus ag staidear teangaidh na Ceiltigh, na Ceiltigh na h-Eóraip agus na Ceiltigh na gCeilteachd inniu.

— Treasa Ní Ghallchobhair (Cumann Gaedhealtacht Iorrais)

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Nuair a chuala mé chuir Uinseann (Vincent F. Pintado) an leobhar seo le chéile bhí mé go h-an sásta le sin, mar tá fhios agam bhí sé 'g obair ar an leobhar seo le scór 's a deich bliadhain nó faoi sin! Tá 'n leobhar seo dochreidte 'gus tábhachtach le dántaí Gaeluinn agus le dántaí gach teanga Ceilteach freisin. Rugadh gach teanganna na Ceiltigh le na focail isteach seo gan amhras! 'S leobhar seo leobhar stair agus leobhar teanga le chéile.

— Séamus Ó Súilleabháin (Sgríobhneoir, staraí 'gus gníomhaidh cearta teanga)

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Seo 'n leabhar dochreidte gan dabht! Iarraidh gach daoine do'n amharc agus do léamh agus do staidire 'n leabhar seo má tá suim acu chun na Ceiltigh, agus ar na Ceiltigh na h-Eóraip go h-áirithe. Chuir na sgríbhneoir cuid mór na sean focail le chéile le céad am, agus tá sin go maith le daoine 'g foghluim agus ag staidire teanganna Ceiltigh abhaile 'gus trasna na dtonnta. 

— Oisín mac Shéamus Mac Maghnuis (Seannchaidh)

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Tá na leabhar seo go deas!!!! Chuir sé foclóir Sean Ceiltis le chéile le céad am!!!!! Níor dhéan daoine eile seo roimhe.

— Niamh de Búrca (Gníomhaidh cearta teanga)

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Chuir foclóir na Sean Ceiltigh le chéile sa chéad am sa stair. Agus rinne seo sin le fear Ceilteach as Eóraip freisin. Seo 'n leabhar ana-mhaith le daoine 'g foghluim faoi na Ceiltigh sa stair agus inniu, 'gus faoi gach teanganna Ceiltigh go h-áirithe.

— Peadar Ruadh Mac Con Iomaire

(Gluaisceart Cearta Sibhialta na n-Gaedhealtachta - 1969 go 1974)

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Seo leabhar tábhachtach le daoine níos óige 'gus gach daoine eile má beidh siad do fhoghluim faoi na Ceiltigh agus na teanganna Ceiltigh sa stair agus inniu. Chuir an leabhar seo le chéile le linn tríocha bliadhna nó faoi sin, agus chuir na focail na sean Ceiltigh le chéile 'nnseo le céad am, agus tá sin go deas.

— Tom Mór Ó Flaithbheartaigh

(Gluaisceart Cearta Sibhialta na n-Gaedhealtachta - 1969 go 1974)

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This book is important for those with an interest in the birth of the languages of the Celts. It is the first ever book that has the old words of the Celts together. The writer has been working on this book for about 30 years.

— Margo NicLeóid (Glasgow, Scotland)

Uncomplicated and well rounded. A very good resource for any writer to have at hand when writing historical fiction about the Celts to use for words and concepts.

— Trynda E. Adair (Manitoba, Canada)

Introduction

This lexicon is the consequence of intensive investigation and research. It was primarily prepared to assist one to a clearer knowledge of the origin of Celtic languages and dialects.

This is my personal brief version of the Celtic chronology so that one could have a better knowledge of the origin of the Old Celtic languages.

The ancestral Common Indo-European language was spoken by the Kurgans in N.W. Caucasus circa 5000 - 3000 B.C. The Neolithic Proto-Celts were the first to migrate westward and to dominate the Danube Valley, known as the Celtic Heartland circa 3000 B.C.. The Danubian Celts developed the Bell-Beaker Culture circa 3000 – 2000 B.C. The Danubian river was named Danuvĭa after the Celtic river Goddess. The fusion of the battle-axe Celts and the bell-beaker Celts developed the Unetice Culture circa 2300 - 1600 BC.

Common Celtic or Proto-Celtic as opted by most authorites, was a distinct element by the second millennium.The Proto-Celts developed the Tumulus Culture circa 1600 - 1200 B.C. Later in the Bronze Age, the Celts developed the Urnfield Culture circa 1300 - 800 B.C. This Celtic culture, by influence of Cimmerian factors, introduced the Iron Age to Europe circa 800 B.C. During this period the Cimmerians were expelled westward by the Scythians. In the early Iron Age, the Danubian Celts developed the Hallstatt Culture in Austria circa 1200 B.C. The Hallstatt Culture is divided by archaeologists into four phases; Hallstatt A circa 1200 - 1100 B.C. , Halstatt B circa 1100 - 800 B.C. , Halstatt C circa 800 - 600 B.C., Halstatt D circa 600 - 500 B.C.

Circa 500 B.C. the Hallstatt Celts migrated westward to Switzerland and developed the La Tene Culture. Archaeologist divided the La Tene Culture into three phases; La Tene A circa 500 - 450 B.C., La Tene B circa 450 - 100 B.C. and La Tene C circa 100 - 30 B.C.

The La Tene Celts migrated to France and established the Gaulish civilization of Gaul circa 450 - 50 B.C. The Gauls and the Belgae of the La Tene Culture dispersed into the British Isles circa 400 B.C. Roman occupation in the British Isles was circa 43 - 410 A.D.

Proto-Celtic divided into five sub-familes of languages:

Gaulish circa 300 - 200 A.D. Celtiberian circa 500 - 200 A.D.

Goidelic circa 1500 - 600 B.C. Brythonic circa 1500 - 400 A.D. Lusitanian circa 600 B.C. – 400 A.D.

Old Celtic languages or dialects spoken before 400 A.D. are regarded as Old Celtic.

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Goidelic (Q-celtic) is an older form than Brythonic (P-Celtic). The evolution of Brythonic developed from Goidelic at a later stage.

Proto-Celtic diagram

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Examples: Proto-Celtic Goidelic Brythonic

everyone cacos cacos papos

cauldron cariōn cariōn pariōn

who ceis cis pis

head cendon cennon pennon

bush cercton certon perton

reason ceslā ceslā peslā

four cetuares cetuares petuares

tree cresnon crannon prennon

ground crietā cretā pritā

worm crimis crumis primis

purchase crinos crenos prinos

someone necos necos nepos

It’s quite obvious that the letter c in Proto-Celtic remains as c in Goidelic and developed as p in Brythonic at a later stage.

Proto-Goidelic (Q-Celtic) developed into Proto-Gallaic circa 600 B.C. Gallaic (Galician Gaelic) was the language spoken by the Gallaeci in Gallaecia (Galicia, W. Asturies, N. Portugal). Gallaic eventually developed into Primitive Irish circa 400 A.D. Primitive Irish is found in Ogham inscriptions prior to the 4th century A.D. The Ogham scripts were carved on standing stones circa 400 - 700 A.D. The primitive Irish tribes used a script known as Ogham, that was introduced by the Gallaeci of Gallaecia (Galicia, N.W. Spain) .

Discovery of archaic Ogham scripts in Gallaecia, also known as occman (circa 600 B.C. - 100 A.D.), as well as genetic reasearch by linking the primitive Irish Goidels to the Gallaeci of Gallaecia, lends credibility to such a hypothesis. Unfortunately, other archaic Ogham scripts circa 1500 B.C. were found in Celtiberia and were conceived as Old Celtic relics.

Recent DNA studies by Dr. Daniel Bradley of the Y-chromosomes of the modern Irish genes indicates the close relationship with the Galician genes and the Portuguese genes in N.W. Spain. Additional DNA studies also indicated the close relationship between the pre-Celtic indigenous population of ancient Ireland and the Basques population of N.E. Spain.

Old Irish developed into Irish Gaelic, Scots Gaelic, Manx Gaelic and Galwegian Gaelic.

Goidelic (Q-Celtic) development stages:

Goidelic (circa 1000 B.C. - 600 B.C.) Middle Irish (circa 900 - 950 A.D.)

Gallaic (circa 600 B.C. - 400 A.D.)  Galwegian (circa 900 - 1600 A.D.)

Primitive Irish (circa 400 - 600 A.D.)

Old Irish (circa 600 - 900 A.D.) Middle Irish (circa 900 - 1200A.D.),

Early Modern Irish (circa 1200 - 1700 A.D.).

Modern Irish (circa 1700 - ?)

Old Irish (circa 500 A.D. - 700 A.D.) Middle Irish (circa 900 - 950 A.D.)

Primitive Scots (circa 700 - 1100 A.D.)  Old Manx (circa 950 - 1600 A.D.)

Old Scots (circa 1100 - 1700 A.D.) Early Modern Manx (circa 1600 - 1850 A.D.)

Early Scots (circa 1300 - 1400 A.D.) Modern Manx (circa 1850 A.D. - ?)

Middle Scots (circa 1400 - 1700 A.D.) Modern Scots (circa 1700 - ?)

Proto-Brythonic was introduced to the British isles a circa 1500 B.C. Insular Proto-Brythonic was separated into four dialects; Western , Southwestern, Northern and Southern. The Western dialect evolved into Cumbric and Proto-Welsh. The Southwestern dialect evolved into Proto-Cornish and Proto-Breton. The Northern dialect evolved into Pictish and the Southern dialect evolved into Ivernic. Dr. Katherine Forsyth assumes that the Picts were Brythonic (P-Celtic).

There is great controversy about the origin of the Picts and the Pictish language. I believe that the Picts were the first Proto-Celts that migrated to N. Britain. It’s quite obvious to admit that the names of the Pictish kings are Celtic.

Names of Pictish Kings:

Cing = hero

Cruithne = Pict

Cat = warrior

Fidach = woodsman

Fotla = world

Circinn = crested head

Fortran = winding area

Fib = battle axe

Argentocoxos = silver foot

Drust = warrior, fierce

Taran = thunder

Gartnaid = joyful

Ciniath = kin

Brude = beast

Brudei =beast

Galam = enemy

Naiton = snake

Alpin = height

Dub = darkness

Conall = friend

Eoganan = death

Brede = treason

Other authorities believe that Picts are the descendents from the first Ice Age inhabitants in Scotland. The Ivernic language was spoken by the (P-Celtic) Gallo-Belgae in Munster, Ireland and in Southern Britain.

Primitive Welsh developed into Welsh , Cumbric, Cornish, Breton, Ivernic and Pictish

Brythonic (P-Celtic) development stages:

Western dialect (circa 400 - 500 A.D.) Southwestern dialect (circa 400 - 500 A.D.)

Proto-Welsh (circa 500 - 800 A.D.) Proto-Breton (circa 500 - 800 A.D.)

Old Welsh (circa 800 - 1100 A.D.) Old Breton (circa 800 - 1000 A.D.)

iddle Welsh (circa 1100 - 1500 A.D.) Middle Breton (circa 1000 - 1600 A.D.)

Early Modern Welsh (circa 1500 - 1600 A.D.) Modern Breton (circa 1600 - ?)

Modern Welsh (circa 1600 - ?)

Southwestern dialect (circa 400 - 500 A.D.)

Proto-Cornish (circa 500 A.D. - 800 A.D.) Western dialect (circa 400 - 500 A.D.)

Old Cornish (circa 800 - 1250 A.D.) Cumbric (circa 500 - 1200 A.D.)

Middle Cornish (circa 1250 - 1550 A.D.)

Modern Cornish (circa 1550 -1850 A.D.)

Proto-Brythonic (circa 1500 B.C. – 350 B.C.) Proto-Brythonic (circa 1500 B.C. – 350 B.C.)

Pictish (circa 350 B.C. - 950 A.D.) Ivernic (circa 500 - 850 A.D.)

During the Bronze Age circa 1200 B.C., it’s assumed that the Berybraci of the Halstatt Culture were the first Proto-Celtic wave of immigrants to introduce and expand the Urnfield Culture and the archaic Gallaic language to the ulterior N.W. regions in Spain.

The Insular/Continental schemata conceives Celtiberian to be first Q-Celtic branch to separate from Proto-Celtic followed by Goidelic. The remaining P-Celtic group would later have split into Insular Brythonic in Britain.

Examples: Proto-Celtic Celtiberian Insular-Celtic

not ne  ne  ni

over ver ver vor

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Q-Celtic diagram

P-Celtic diagram 1

P-Celtic diagram 2

P-Celtic diagram 3

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The Goidelic Celts established the kingdom of Gallaecia (actually there are more than 3000 hillforts (fortified settlements) sighted within Galicia, Asturies and northern Portugal. Hallstatt type iron weapons were found in Galicia. These Goidelic Celts were known as the Gallaeci. Gallaecia presumably means land of the Gallaic Celts or Gaelic Celts. The stone altars found in Gallaecia proves the existence of pagan druidism.

I concur that the Gallaeci of Gallaecia invaded ancient Ireland circa 500 BC. and probably the Milesians of Gallaecia were the invaders, but not in the historical period mentioned in the honorable Irish Book of Invasions (Lebor Gabala Erenn) that took place in the Year of the World 3500 circa 1700 B.C. I highly respect anyone who accord with the ancient Irish invasions of the venerable Lebor Gabala Erenn.

There was no existence of the Gallaeci of Gallaecia circa 1700 B.C. Perhaps the Pre- Celtic indigenous tribes of Indo-European breed of Gallaecia invaded ancient Ireland in this historical period. Hopefully, I believe that the application of practical modern archaeological techniques can demonstrate in the near future this historical Irish- Galician event. The sixteenth century scholar, Roderick O’Flaherty, commemorates the Milesian invasion circa 1000 B.C.

An ancient Irish Celt circa 300 B.C. known as the Clonycavan man was found in an Irish bog. He was using an Iron Age hair gel-lacquer made of vegetable oil mixed with pine resine found in Celtiberia. This is evidence of the common trade among the Irish Celts in Ireland and the Galaico-Celtiberians in Spain. Professor Bryan Sykes’s research team at Oxford indicates that Britons are descended from the Celtiberians who came circa 4000 - 5000 B.C.

In the 1970s, Celtiberian was acknowledged as Q-Celtic (J. P. Mallory, pg. 106). There is evidence of the archaic Goidelic language spoken by the Galician Gallaeci and the Goidelic language spoken by the Irish Hiberni.

Example:

hundred in Gallaic is ciot.

hundred in Old Irish is cét.

The La Tene Celts were the second Celtic wave of immigrants to inter Spain circa 500 B.C. La Tene type weapons were found in Celtiberia. These Celts established the Celtiberian kingdom in N.E. Spain. The Celtiberian language evolved separatelty from their native Gaulish tongue. It’s assumed that there was a unification between the Gaulish Celts and the Iberians. The Celtiberians applied the Iberian script to represent their own appropiate Celtiberian language. Perhaps the words Celt and Iberian derive from the sons of Hercules (Heracles) and Aterope who were named Celtus and Iberus.

The Lusitanian language spoken in S. Portugal is P-Celtic. The lexicon of Lusitanian inscriptions are clearly recognized as an archaic P-Celtic language. Lusitanian was spoken circa 600 B.C. - 400 A.D.

The Lusitanian tribal names:

Celtici = Celts

Cyneti = neighbors

Nemetati = sacred ones

Turduli = turtledoves

These tribal names are obviously Celtic.

The Brythonic (P-Celtic) language developed into Cumbric, Ivernic, Pictish, Welsh, Cornish and Breton. There was no developement in Gaulish due to the prohibition during the Roman Empire. Unfortunately, only 2.5 million souls currently speak a Celtic tongue, including 1.3 million residing outside Celtic speaken nations.

The Gaelic speaking nations are Ireland with an estimation of a 1,100,000 souls that currently speak Irish Gaelic, Scotland, with an estimation of 85,000 souls that currently speak Scots Gaelic and the Isle of Man, with an estimation of 650 souls that currently speak Manx Gaelic. The Brythonic speaking nations are Wales, with an estimation of 1,000,000 souls that currently speak Cymric, Brittany, with an estimation of 800,000 souls that currently speak Breton and Cornwall, with an estimation of 500 souls that currently speak Cornish.

A large percentage of the Old Celtic word entries were found and collected from international etymological dictionaries and Celtic lexicons. Many Old Celtic word entries were deciphered personally from Celtiberian inscriptions. Other entries were inscribed on tombstones, ogham stones, stone monuments, ceramic pottery, wooden plaques, bronze plaques and copper laminae.

Old Celtic prefixes, suffixes, compound and combing forms were certainly introduced in this lexicon. The majority of ancient names of Gods, Goddesses and Deities were also inserted in this lexicon in addition with the Indo-European loan words spoken by the ancient Celts prior to 400 A.D. The Indo-European root synonyms and Proto-Celtic root synonyms were exercized to produce my personal Old Celtic formulae.

Nationalities of Old Celtic Gods and Goddesses:

Caledonian = Scots

Cambrian = Welsh

Galaico = Galician

Hibernian = Irish

All Ancient and Primitive Celtic word entries designated or classified under these elements were definitely introduced in this Old Celtic lexicon.

Ancient and Primitive elements

Old Celtic

Dictionary

(A-Z)

A

a- neg. pref. dis-, in-, non-, un-

a pron. which, who

ab- neg. pref. dis-, non-, un-

ab n. river, stream

abadĭgĭonā n. scorn

Abais m. Hibernian weather God of mystery

abalanis n. apple

aballā n. apple, fruit

aballacā n. apple, fruit

aballacus n. apple, fruit

aballarius m. apple juggler

aballavā  n. apple

aballĭcos adj. fruitful

n. fruitfulness

aballĭnnā n. apple tree, fruit tree

Aballiocos m. Briton God of fruit trees and vitality

aballo- pref. adj. apple, fruit

aballocrannon n. apple tree,

fruit tree

aballoduron n. apple march

aballodurum n. apple march

aballogortus n. fruit orchard

aballoialon n. apple land

aballon n. apple, fruit

aballonĭa n. apple orchard

aballoprennis n. apple tree, fruit tree

abalnā n. apple tree

abalon n. apple

Abalosā f. Gaulish apple Goddess

abancon n. beaver

abancos adj. beaver

m. beaver

abandĭnos adj. underwater

n. underwater object

Abandĭnos m. Briton God of melodies

Abandĭnus m. Briton river God of melodies

abaniōn n. berry

abarcā n. sandal

abarcus n. sandal

abarĭnon n. willow tree

Abartā m. Hibernian God of feats

Abartach m. Hibernian God

of feats

abastā n. mysterious behavior

abatĭa n. hazel tree

abatius n. hazel tree

abbon m. ape, monkey

abdā n. impulsive river

abĕgnĭa n. river birth

Abelard m. Breton God of love

abĕlĭcā n. river

abĕllā n. apple

Abĕllios m. Gaulish God of apple trees and vitality

Abĕllioni Deo pl. m. Gaulish apple Gods

abĕllius m. apple man

abĕllos adj. fast, rapid, quick

n. fastness, rapidness, quickness

aberā n. estuary

abertā n. gift, offering

Abertĕcos m. Briton God of offerings, feats and responsibility

Abhallach m. Hibernian God of apple trees

Abhean m. Hibernian harper God of melodies and music

abĭamarcā n. guard of surroundings

abĭllius m. apple man

abĭlos adj. sudden, quick

n. quickness, suddenness

Abĭlus m. Gaulish God of quickness

abĭncon n. current, flow

abĭncos adj. flowing, fluvial

n. flow, flowing

abĭndos adj. bright, brilliant

n. brightness, brilliance

abĭnon n. brook, creek, stream

abĭnos adj. flowing, fluvial

n. flow, flowing

abĭnus n. river

abiolĭcā n. apple

abĭstos adj. deep, profound

n. deepness, profoundness

abiuton n. wall

abiutos adj. walled

n. wall

ablon m. guard, watchman

ablus n. apple

Abnobā f. Briton river Goddess

of hunting

abnobā n. fluvial mist

abo- pref. adj. fluvial

aboculos adj. blind

n. blindness

abollos adj. big, huge

n. bigness, hugeness

abolos adj. maple n. maple tree

abonā n. brook, creek, stream, river

abonĭa n. brook, creek, stream, river

Abonius m. Gaulish river God

abonnā n. brook, creek, stream, river

abonnis n. hat, head cap

Abonobā f. Gaulish river Goddess of hunting

abonobā n. fluvial mist

abos adj. flowing, fluvial

n. flow, flowing

aboulā n. apple

abranā n. eyelash

abraon n. eyelash

abraos adj. unmarried, virgin

f. maiden, virgin

abraxā n. grace, pleasure

abrĭnā  n. estuary

abrĭncā n. estuary

abrĭncates pl. n. estuary ones

abro- pref. adv. very

abronertos adj. very strong

n. strength

abros adv. Very

abrunā n. large bosom

absécuos adj. awful, dreadful

n. awfulness, dreadfulness

abu- pref. adj. river

abucatos adj. river cat n. river cat

abucĭnā n. evening, night

abudĭacon  n. beauty

abudĭacus adj. beautyful, pretty

f. beauty

abudĭnos adj. river

n. river object

abudos adj. river

n. river object

abuedos adj. leaving, withdrawn

n. leave, withdrawal

abulo- pref. adj. apple

abulobrĭgā n. apple mountian

abulon n. apple tree

abullā f. apple woman

abullius m. apple man

abullos adj. big, huge

n. bigness, hugeness

abus n. river, stream

abusĭnā n. river, stream

abvĕdos adj. leaving, withdrawn

n. leave, withdrawal

ac prep. with

acā n. cure, healing

acammon n. rock, stone

acamnā n. crack, fissure, slot

acamnon n. rock, stone

acannā n. crack, fissure, slot

acarnon n. maple tree

acaunā n. crack, fissure, slot

acaunĭssā n. pebble

acauno- pref. adj. rock

acaunomargā n. rock marl, shale

acaunon n. rock

acaunos adj. rock, rocky,

n. rock

Acassabel m. Hibernian God of mead and wine

accā n. cure, healing

acco- pref. adj. near

accobenā f. female relative

accoros adj. desired, wishin

n. desire, wish

accorus n. desire, wish

accos adj. close, near

n. closeness, nearness

accos adj. pointed, pointy

n. point, pointiness

accovĭrus m. male relative

accus n. neighbor

aceros adj. acrid, pointy, sharp

n. acridness, pointiness, sharpness

acĕstus conj. and

acĕton n. vinegar

Achall f. Hibernian Goddess of love and devotion

Achtland f. Hibernian Goddess of livestock pasture

acĭa n. river, stream

acĭnā n. evening, night

acĭnon n. growth, shoot, sprout

acionnā  n. river, stream

Acionnā f. Gaulish river Goddess

acĭsos adj. looking, seeing

n. look, sight

acĭtavones pl. n. plains ones

acĭto- pref. adj. plain

acĭtodunum n. plain fortress

acĭton n. field, plain

acĭtorĭgĭacon n. noble plain

acĭtos adj. field, plain

n. field, plain

acmaiōn n. breed, brood, race, tribe

acmos adj. mighty, strong

n. might, strength

acnécton n. courage, mindset, reality

acnéctos adj. just, reasonable

n. justness, reason

acnunā n. agricultural measure

acom n. mountain peak

acombĕron n. desire, wish

acon n. mountain peak

acon  m. healthy man

acoron n. entrance, opening

acoros adj. opened, opening

n. opening

-àcos suf. adj. -ac, -y

acos adj. healthy, sane

n. health, sanity

acovalā n. event, incident

acovĭllon n. forest, timberland

acraistā n. back, hip

acrĕdos adj. attentive, vigilant

n. attention, vigilance

acrios adj. begged, begging

n. begging

acris adj. freezing, shivering

n. freeze, shiver

acris adj. harsh, knotty, rough

n. harshness, knottiness, roughness

acrĭsos adj. eye

n. eye

acrĭvos adj. acrid, bitter

n. acridness, bitterness

acros adj. pointy, sharp, sour

n. pointiness, sharpness, sourness

acros adj. accused, blamed

n. accusation, blame

acros adj. elevated, high

n. elevation, highness

acsaiōn n. sandal, shoe

acsĭlā n. ax

acsis n. ax

acson  n. ax, hatchet

actā n. act, pact, statute

actéctos adj. delegating

n. delegation

actéctus m. delegate

actĭnā n. gorze, shrub

actĭnos adj. bushy, shrubby

n. bush, shrub

actiōn- pref. n. action

actiōn n. act, action

actiōnsartus n. complete action

acto-  pref. adj. dangerous

actobonum n. dangerous construction

acton n. danger, hazard, risk

actos adj. dangerous, hazardous, risky

n. danger, gazard, risk

actos adj. accomplished, performing

n. accomplishment, performance

acubron n. desire, wish

acubros adj. desired, wished

n. desire, wish

acuillos adj. bored, drilled

n. boring, drilling

acuilos adj. bored, drilled

n. boring, drilling

-acum suf. n. location

acunu- pref. adj. stone

acunum n. rock, stone

acunumargā n. marl stone, shale

acus n. needle

acus n. firmness, solidness

acus conj. and

-acus suf. adj. -ac, relating to

acusā prep. close, near

acustos prep. close, near

acustus prep. close, near

ad prep. Into

ad- pref. prep. at, to, up to

ad- pref. adv. extremely, very

adā n. hawthorn tree

adabā n. clothing, garment

adacis n. evening, night

adagis n. evening, night

adagos adj. forcing, pressuring

n. force, pressure

adalon n. question, request

adalos adj. requested, solicited

n. request, solicitation

adalton n. pupil, student

adaltrā  f. adult

adaltrastā n. adultery, sin

adaltron  m. adult

adaltros adj. adult

n. adultness

adamios adj. admitted, allow

n. admittence, allowance

Adammair m. Hibernian God of sex and astima

adamon n. acknowledgement

adaos adj. circled, enclosed, round

n. circle, enclosure, roundness

adapis n. correspondance, notice

adarcā n. horn, sponge

adariiun n. beauty

adariōn  n. beauty

adarston n. pillow, cushion

adason n. fitting

adasos adj. adapted, fitted

n. adaption, fitting

adastarnos adj. haltered, persuaded

n. halter, persuasion

adastos adj. adapted, fitted

n. adaption, fitting

adastriōn m. horse

adastron m. horse

adax n. boldness

adaxĭlus m. bold man

adbalon n. death

adbalos adj. dead

n. death

adbaron n. cause, reason

adbeilon n. exaggeration, greatness

adberon m. servant

adbĕron n. gathering, service

adbĕronan n. bringing, gathering

adbĕros adj. contributing, participating

n. contribution, participation

adbertā n. sacrificial object, victim

adbertos adj. sacrificed, sacrificial

n. sacrifice

adbĭtus m. good living man

adbogiōn n. scorn

adbogios adj. scorned, scornful

n. scorned object

adbogius m. scornful man

adcanaunos adj. wolf pup

n. wolf pup

adcarā n. admiration, love

adcastis n. hatred

adcĕnis n. lineage, parentage

adcĭson n. sicht, view, vision

adcloilon n. flatness, slimness

adcoilos adj. slim, thin

n. slimness, thinness

adcraucĭnā n. fleece

adcris n. coldness, freeze, shiver

adcubron n. desire, wish

adcupron n. desire, wish

adcuros adj. desiring, wishing

n. desire, wish

addā n. contribution, donation

addaliōn  m. worshiper

addam n. confession

addamī tr. I contribute, donate

addamon m. confessor

Addanc m. Cambrian flood God

addavon n. engagement, promise

adĕ- pref. prep. at, to, up to

adĕbaliōn n. death

adĕbalios adj. died, dying

n. death

adĕbartiōn n. material, object

adĕbogiōn n. scorn

adĕbogios adj. scorned, scornful

n.  scornfulness

adĕbogius m. scornful man

adĕbugiōn n. scorn

adĕbugios adj. scorned, scornful

n. scornfulness

adĕbugius m. scornful man

adĕcarā n. love

adĕcastis n. hatred

adĕcĕnis  n. lineage

adĕcoilon n. flatness, slimness

adĕcupron n. desire, wish

adĕdamon n. bay, river mouth

adĕgarvos adj. rigid, rough

n. rigidness, roughness

adécton n. suicide

adéctos adj. suicidal

adĕlaton n. injury, wound

adĕlon n. nobility

adĕlos adj. noble

n. nobleness

adĕmĕnsĕrā n. period, time

adĕniōn n. fastness, flight, glide

adĕnios adj. flown, glided

n. fastness, flight, gliding

adĕpastron m. horse

adĕprogantus n. ferocity

adereigon n. chain

aderĕnis n. kidney

aderĭgon n. chain

aderĭmā n. number

aderiōn n. repetition

aderios adj. repeated, repeating

n. repetition

aderogantus n. ferocity

aderostus n. dwelling, home

adertos adj. sacrificed, sacrificing

n. sacrifice

ades pl. n. feet, legs

adĕsoios adj. left-side

n. left-side

adĕsoron n. arrival, return

adĕtrĕbā n. possession

adĕtrougon n. misery

adgarios adj. announcing, invoking

n. announcement, invoke

adgarius m. announcer, invoker

adgarvos adj. bumpy, rough

n. bumpiness, roughness

adgatĭa n. philosophy, wisdom

adgĕnĭa n. mood, temperament

adgĕnios adj. noble, pure

n. nobility, purity

adgĕnnon n. unbecomingness

adgĕnnorix n. unbecoming king

adgĕnus n. clan, family

adĭantios adj. ardent

n. ardor

adĭanton m. aspiration, fanatic

adĭantunnĕnā f. desireress

adĭantus n. ambition, desire, wish

adĭato- pref. adj. aspired

adĭatomarus n. great desire

adĭaton m. aspirer, determinator

adĭatorĭgā f. aspired queen

adĭatorĭgos m. aspired king

adĭatorix m. aspired king

adĭatos adj. aspired, striving

n. aspiration, strive

adĭatuannus m. ardent man

adĭatuanus m. ardent man

adĭatullus m. ardent man

adĭatumarus m. great desirer

adĭatus n. aspiration, effort, strive

adĭatussĭa f. desireress

adĭegā n. chance, opportunity

adĭetuanus m. desirer

adĭetumarus m. great desirer

adĭlon n. duty, goal, objective, target

adiocaros adj. ardent

adiōn n. ardour

adlaton n. injury, wound

adlon n. properness, propriety

admagĕto- pref. adj. glorious

admagĕtobrĭgā n. glorious mountain

admagĕton m. glorious man

admagĕtos adj. glorious

n. glory

admanios adj. slender, slim

n. slenderness, slimness

admaros adj. mighty, strong

n. might, strength

admarus m. strongman

admazdiōn n. board, plank

admeĭnos adj. gentle, mild

n. gentleness, mildness

admellon n. delay, detention, stall

admĕnmes n. ambition, eagerness

admĕnsĕrā n. period, time

admĭnius m. cave dweller

Adna m. Hibernian bard God

adnamatus n. enemy, foe

adnamon n. reputation

adnatios adj. philosophic

n.  philosophy

adnatius m. philosopher

adnatos adj. reasoning

n. reason

adobogĭonā f. scornful woman

adobogonĭa f. woman striker

adobolĭonā n. scornfulness

adobon n. scorn

adobos adj. scorned, scornful

n. scorn

adolĭaton n. admiration, worship

adolos adj. holy, sacred

n. holiness, sacredness

adougron n. pity, sadness

adougros adj. pitiful, sad

n. pity, sadness

adovā n. promise

adovō tr. I scorn

adovos adj. scorned, scornful

n. scorn

adpariōn n. beauty

adpastron m. horse

adpis adj. looking,seen, sighted

n. look, sight

adpĭsĕtu tr. it looks, sees

adprogantus n. ferocity

adrandā n. correspondent

Adraste f. Cambrian moon Goddess of divination

adraston m. strongman

adrastos adj. mighty, strong

n. might, strength

adrĕgos adj. set, setting

n. setting, setup

adreigon n. chain adren n. kidney

adrĕnis n. kidney

adressicnos adj. attacked, attacking

n. attack

adrĕsson n. attacker, grabber

adressos adj. grabbing, reaching

n. grab, reach

adrĕston n. grab, reach

adrĕstos adj. grabbing, reaching

n. grab, reach

adrĕstus m. aggressor, attacker

adrĕtĭcĭa  f. attackeress

adrĕtilis m. attacker

adrĕtiōn m. attacker

adrĕtis adj. attacked, attacking

n. attack

adrĕton n. grab, grasp, reach

adrĕtonius m. attacker

adrĕttiōn  n. attacker

adriato- pref. adj. aspired

adriaton m. aspirer

adrĭatorĭgā f. aspired queen

adriatorĭgios n. aspired majesty

adriatorĭgos m. aspired king

adriatorix m. aspired king

adriatos adj. aspired, aspiring

n. aspiration

adrietos adj. attacked, attacking

n. attack

adrĭgon n. attachment, chain

adrĭmā n. count, number

adrĭmiōn n. count, number

adrĭmios adj. counted, numbered

n. count, number

adrocantus n. ferocity, fury, rage

adrogantus n. ferocity, fury, rage

adrostus n. abode, dwelling, home

adsagsonā f. researcheress

Adsagsona f. Cambrian underworld Goddess of magic

Adsaxnā f. Gaulish Goddess of magic

adsĕdeonis n. settler, well-settled person

adsĕdĭllos adj. well-settled

n. well-settled person

adsĕdĭllus m. settler, well-settled person

adsĕdis adj. well-settled

n. well-settled person

adsĕdos adj. established, resident

n. establishment, residency

adsĕnos adj. aged, aging

n. age

adsoios adj. left-side

n. left-side

adsor n. returner

adsoron n. arrival, return

adsoros adj. arriving, returning

n. arrival, return

adsos adj. very good

n. very good object

adsovios adj. left, western

n. left-side, west

adsovos adj. left, western

n. left-side, west

adstarnos adj. haltering, persuading

n. halter, persuasion

adsu- pref. adj. very good

Adsuglatā Briton river Goddess

adsuĭos adj. left

n. left side

Adsullatā f. Gaulish river Goddess

adsurĕnus n. very good river

adsus  n. very good object

adtaiōn n. stance, stand

adteĭa n. residence, settlement

adtécon n. approach, run

adtĕpos adj. escaping, running

n. escape, run

adtĕssis adj. extremely warm

n. extreme warmth

adtexton n. notice, report

adtrauom m. teacher

adtrauos adj. instructing, teaching

n. instruction, teaching

adtrebā n. meeting place

adtrĕbates pl. n. settled ones

adtrougon n. misery

adtrugos adj. miserable

n. misery

aduacā  n. fire, flame

aduatucā n. settlement

aduatuci pl. n. settled ones

adubus n. habitation, residence

aduis adj. burning, flaming

n. burn, flame

adumĕtos adj. mature, ripe

n. maturity, ripeness

adumĕtus n. maturity, ripeness

aduos adj. fast, rapid

n. fastness, rapidness

adupĕlon m. bad, wicked man

adupĕlos adj. bad, wicked

n. badness, wickedness

adus n. law

advĕlon m. strongman

advĕlos adj. mighty, strong

n. might, strength

advertos adj. adversarial, opponent

n. adversary, opponent

Aebhel f. Hibernian Goddess of judgement

aeburā n. ivy plant

aecios adj. tormented, tormenting

n. torment

aecui pl. n. speakers, talkers

Aeda m. Cambrian fairy God

Aedh m. Hibernian fire God

aedis n. ardent fire

aedos adj. firey, hot

n. fire, heat

aedrĭnis n. ardent month

aedrĭnnis n. ardent month

aeduens pl. n. ardent ones

aedui pl. n. ardent ones

aeduĭnā f. ardent woman

aeduis adj. ardent, firey, flaming

n. ardor, fire, flame

Aedulĭnos m. Briton fire God

Aedumandā f. Briton fire Goddess

aedus n. fire, flame

aegĭtnā n. face

aego- pref. adj. goat

aegobrĭgā n. goat mountain

aegon n. goat

aegosages pl. m. goat seekers

aelĭanos adj. cyclonic

n. cyclone, hurricane

aeliestor m. fencer, swordsman

aengos adj. lovable, loving

n. love

Aengus m. Hibernian love God of perfection

Aerfen f. Cambrian river Goddess

Aerĭa n. Ireland

aerĭa n. attack, combat, war

Aerĭcurā f. Gaulish Goddess of the underworld

Aerĭcurius m. Gaulish God of the underworld

aeris adj. attentive

n. attention

Aernus m. Galaico war God of slaughter

Aeron m. Cambrian war God of slaughter

aeros adj. airy, breezy

n. air, breeze

Aerten f. Cornish war Goddess of slaughter

aesàcos adj. adult

n. adult

aestiōn n. crown, power

aestos adj. big, great, huge

n. bigness, greatness, hugeness

Aesun m. Hibernian God of life

aesus n. age, antiguity, period, time

Aesus m. Gaulish God of eternal living things

aetā n. age, period, time

aetiacus n. old village

Aetobrĭcus m. Gaulish God of age

Afagddu f. Cambrian war Goddess of darkness

Afalleg m. Cambrian God of apple trees

ag n. saying, telling

ag- pref. adj. compelling, direct

agā n. fear, fright

agadaĭson n. liver

agaĭuā n. furze shrub, gorse shrub

agalā n. furze shrub, gorse shrub

agamĕnos adj. admired, admiring

n. admiration

Aganntobo m. Gaulish God of frontiers

aganntobo pl. pron. of their frontiers

aganon n. rock

agantĭcum n. rocky land