Manual of First Aid Professional English: Part 3—Case Studies

By Irena Baumruková

The book is the third (practical) part of the Manual of First Aid. All texts are short, understandable, and always contain the right answer (marked with ?), which makes them suitable for self-study and testing the paramedics professional knowledge. In the first volume, the cases concern the following topics: airway and breathing assessment, proper interventions for patients with respiratory compromise, oxygen delivery systems, ventilatory support, respiratory anatomy and physiology, basic airway management, basic cardiopulmonary resuscitation, advanced interventions, cardiology, medical emergencies, traumatic injuries, gynaecology, obstetrics, and paediatrics. The last chapter deals with legal considerations, communication, scene safety and scene management, vehicle operations, hazardous materials, and mass casualty incidents. The second volume (revision lessons) is divided into twenty-four units, each of which contains about twenty casuistics on different topics.

• Language: English
• Publisher: Xlibris UK
• Release date: Mar 29, 2017
• ISBN: 9781524598334

Irena Baumruková

The author has been teaching medical English for more than fifteen years. She would like to draw the readers’ attention to other materials published to help physicians, dentists, dental hygienists, medical students, paramedics, and nurses to learn professional English in an interesting and pleasant way.

Book preview

Copyright © 2017 by Irena Baumruková.

ISBN:   Softcover        978-1-5245-9834-1

             eBook             978-1-5245-9833-4

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the copyright owner.

Any people depicted in stock imagery provided by Thinkstock are models, and such images are being used for illustrative purposes only.

Certain stock imagery © Thinkstock.

Rev. date: 03/29/2017

Xlibris

800-056-3182

www.Xlibrispublishing.co.uk

750239

Contents

Volume 1

Part 1

Airway and breathing

Unit 1

Case study 1

Case study 2

Case study 3

Case study 4

Case study 5

Case study 6

Case study 7

Case study 8

Case study 9

Case study 10

Case study 11

Case study 12

Case study 13

Case study 14

Case study 15

Case study 16

Case study 17

Case study 18

Case study 19

Case study 20

Case study 21

Case study 22

Unit 2

Case study 1

Case study 2

Case study 3

Case study 4

Case study 5

Case study 6

Case study 7

Case study 8

Case study 9

Case study 10

Case study 11

Case study 12

Case study 13

Case study 14

Case study 15

Case study 16

Case study 17

Case study 18

Case study 19

Case study 20

Case study 21

Case study 22

Unit 3

Case study 1

Case study 2

Case study 3

Case study 4

Case study 5

Case study 6

Case study 7

Case study 8

Case study 9

Case study 10

Case study 11

Case study 12

Case study 13

Case study 14

Case study 15

Case study 16

Case study 17

Case study 18

Case study 19

Case study 20

Case study 21

Case study 22

Case study 23

Part 2

Cardiology

Unit 1

Case study 1

Case study 2

Case study 3

Case study 4

Case study 5

Case study 6

Case study 7

Case study 8

Case study 9

Case study 10

Case study 11

Case study 12

Case study 13

Case study 14

Case study 15

Case study 16

Case study 17

Case study 18

Case study 19

Case study 20

Case study 21

Unit 2

Case study 1

Case study 2

Case study 3

Case study 4

Case study 5

Case study 6

Case study 7

Case study 8

Case study 9

Case study 10

Case study 11

Case study 12

Case study 13

Case study 14

Case study 15

Case study 16

Case study 17

Case study 18

Case study 19

Case study 20

Case study 21

Part 3

Medical emergencies

Unit 1

Case study 1

Case study 2

Case study 3

Case study 4

Case study 5

Case study 6

Case study 7

Case study 8

Case study 9

Case study 10

Case study 11

Case study 12

Case study 13

Case study 14

Case study 15

Case study 16

Case study 17

Case study 18

Case study 19

Case study 20

Unit 2

Case study 1

Case study 2

Case study 3

Case study 4

Case study 5

Case study 6

Case study 7

Case study 8

Case study 9

Case study 10

Case study 11

Case study 12

Case study 13

Case study 14

Case study 15

Case study 16

Case study 17

Case study 18

Case study 19

Case study 20

Unit 3

Case study 1

Case study 2

Case study 3

Case study 4

Case study 5

Case study 6

Case study 7

Case study 8

Case study 9

Case study 10

Case study 11

Case study 12

Case study 13

Case study 14

Case study 15

Case study 16

Case study 17

Case study 18

Case study 19

Case study 20

Unit 4

Case study 1

Case study 2

Case study 3

Case study 4

Case study 5

Case study 6

Case study 7

Case study 8

Case study 9

Case study 10

Case study 11

Case study 12

Case study 13

Case study 14

Case study 15

Case study 16

Case study 17

Case study 18

Case study 19

Case study 20

Case study 21

Part 4

Trauma

Unit 1

Case study 1

Case study 2

Case study 3

Case study 4

Case study 5

Case study 6

Case study 7

Case study 8

Case study 9

Case study 10

Case study 11

Case study 12

Case study 13

Case study 14

Case study 15

Case study 16

Case study 17

Unit 2

Case study 1

Case study 2

Case study 3

Case study 4

Case study 5

Case study 6

Case study 7

Case study 8

Case study 9

Case study 10

Case study 11

Case study 12

Case study 13

Case study 14

Case study 15

Case study 16

Unit 3

Case study 1

Case study 2

Case study 3

Case study 4

Case study 5

Case study 6

Case study 7

Case study 8

Case study 9

Case study 10

Case study 11

Case study 12

Case study 13

Case study 14

Case study 15

Case study 16

Case study 17

Part 5

Gynaecology, obstetrics, paediatrics

Unit 1

Case study 1

Case study 2

Case study 3

Case study 4

Case study 5

Case study 6

Case study 7

Case study 8

Case study 9

Case study 10

Case study 11

Case study 12

Case study 13

Case study 14

Case study 15

Case study 16

Case study 17

Case study 18

Case study 19

Case study 20

Unit 2

Case study 1

Case study 2

Case study 3

Case study 4

Case study 5

Case study 6

Case study 7

Case study 8

Case study 9

Case study 10

Case study 11

Case study 12

Case study 13

Case study 14

Case study 15

Case study 16

Case study 17

Case study 18

Case study 19

Case study 20

Case study 21

Unit 3

Case study 1

Case study 2

Case study 3

Case study 4

Case study 5

Case study 6

Case study 7

Case study 8

Case study 9

Case study 10

Case study 11

Case study 12

Case study 13

Case study 14

Case study 15

Case study 16

Case study 17

Case study 18

Case study 19

Case study 20

Case study 21

Unit 4

Case study 1

Case study 2

Case study 3

Case study 4

Case study 5

Case study 6

Case study 7

Case study 8

Case study 9

Case study 10

Case study 11

Case study 12

Case study 13

Case study 14

Case study 15

Case study 16

Case study 17

Case study 18

Case study 19

Case study 20

Case study 21

Unit 5

Case study 1

Case study 2

Case study 3

Case study 4

Case study 5

Case study 6

Case study 7

Case study 8

Case study 9

Case study 10

Case study 11

Case study 12

Case study 13

Case study 14

Case study 15

Case study 16

Case study 17

Case study 18

Case study 19

Case study 20

Case study 21

Part 6

Operations

Unit 1

Case study 1

Case study 2

Case study 3

Case study 4

Case study 5

Case study 6

Case study 7

Case study 8

Case study 9

Case study 10

Case study 11

Case study 12

Case study 13

Case study 14

Case study 15

Case study 16

Case study 17

Case study 18

Case study 19

Case study 20

Unit 2

Case study 1

Case study 2

Case study 3

Case study 4

Case study 5

Case study 6

Case study 7

Case study 8

Case study 9

Case study 10

Case study 11

Case study 12

Case study 13

Case study 14

Case study 15

Case study 16

Case study 17

Case study 18

Case study 19

Case study 20

Unit 3

Case study 1

Case study 2

Case study 3

Case study 4

Case study 5

Case study 6

Case study 7

Case study 8

Case study 9

Case study 10

Case study 11

Case study 12

Case study 13

Case study 14

Case study 15

Case study 16

Case study 17

Case study 18

Case study 19

Case study 20

Unit 4

Case study 1

Case study 2

Case study 3

Case study 4

Case study 5

Case study 6

Case study 7

Case study 8

Case study 9

Case study 10

Case study 11

Case study 12

Case study 13

Case study 14

Case study 15

Case study 16

Case study 17

Case study 18

Case study 19

Case study 20

Volume 2

Unit 1

Case study 1

Case study 2

Case study 3

Case study 4

Case study 5

Case study 6

Case study 7

Case study 8

Case study 9

Case study 10

Case study 11

Case study 12

Case study 13

Case study 14

Case study 15

Case study 16

Case study 17

Case study 18

Case study 19

Case study 20

Unit 2

Case study 1

Case study 2

Case study 3

Case study 4

Case study 5

Case study 6

Case study 7

Case study 8

Case study 9

Case study 10

Case study 11

Case study 12

Case study 13

Case study 14

Case study 15

Case study 16

Case study 17

Case study 18

Case study 19

Case study 20

Unit 3

Case study 1

Case study 2

Case study 3

Case study 4

Case study 5

Case study 6

Case study 7

Case study 8

Case study 9

Case study 10

Case study 11

Case study 12

Case study 13

Case study 14

Case study 15

Case study 16

Case study 17

Case study 18

Case study 19

Case study 20

Unit 4

Case study 1

Case study 2

Case study 3

Case study 4

Case study 5

Case study 6

Case study 7

Case study 8

Case study 9

Case study 10

Case study 11

Case study 12

Case study 13

Case study 14

Case study 15

Case study 16

Case study 17

Case study 18

Case study 19

Case study 20

Unit 5

Case study 1

Case study 2

Case study 3

Case study 4

Case study 5

Case study 6

Case study 7

Case study 8

Case study 9

Case study 10

Case study 11

Case study 12

Case study 13

Case study 14

Case study 15

Case study 16

Case study 17

Case study 18

Case study 19

Case study 20

Unit 6

Case study 1

Case study 2

Case study 3

Case study 4

Case study 5

Case study 6

Case study 7

Case study 8

Case study 9

Case study 10

Case study 11

Case study 12

Case study 13

Case study 14

Case study 15

Case study 16

Case study 17

Case study 18

Case study 19

Case study 20

Unit 7

Case study 1

Case study 2

Case study 3

Case study 4

Case study 5

Case study 6

Case study 7

Case study 8

Case study 9

Case study 10

Case study 11

Case study 12

Case study 13

Case study 14

Case study 15

Case study 16

Case study 17

Case study 18

Case study 19

Case study 20

Unit 8

Case study 1

Case study 2

Case study 3

Case study 4

Case study 5

Case study 6

Case study 7

Case study 8

Case study 9

Case study 10

Case study 11

Case study 12

Case study 13

Case study 14

Case study 15

Case study 16

Case study 17

Case study 18

Case study 19

Case study 20

Unit 9

Case study 1

Case study 2

Case study 3

Case study 4

Case study 5

Case study 6

Case study 7

Case study 8

Case study 9

Case study 10

Case study 11

Case study 12

Case study 13

Case study 14

Case study 15

Case study 16

Case study 17

Case study 18

Case study 19

Case study 20

Unit 10

Case study 1

Case study 2

Case study 3

Case study 4

Case study 5

Case study 6

Case study 7

Case study 8

Case study 9

Case study 10

Case study 11

Case study 12

Case study 13

Case study 14

Case study 15

Case study 16

Case study 17

Case study 18

Case study 19

Case study 20

Unit 11

Case study 1

Case study 2

Case study 3

Case study 4

Case study 5

Case study 6

Case study 7

Case study 8

Case study 9

Case study 10

Case study 11

Case study 12

Case study 13

Case study 14

Case study 15

Case study 16

Case study 17

Case study 18

Case study 19

Case study 20

Unit 12

Case study 1

Case study 2

Case study 3

Case study 4

Case study 5

Case study 6

Case study 7

Case study 8

Case study 9

Case study 10

Case study 11

Case study 12

Case study 13

Case study 14

Case study 15

Case study 16

Case study 17

Case study 18

Case study 19

Case study 20

Unit 13

Case study 1

Case study 2

Case study 3

Case study 4

Case study 5

Case study 6

Case study 7

Case study 8

Case study 9

Case study 10

Case study 11

Case study 12

Case study 13

Case study 14

Case study 15

Case study 16

Case study 17

Case study 18

Case study 19

Case study 20

Unit 14

Case study 1

Case study 2

Case study 3

Case study 4

Case study 5

Case study 6

Case study 7

Case study 8

Case study 9

Case study 10

Case study 11

Case study 12

Case study 13

Case study 14

Case study 15

Case study 16

Case study 17

Case study 18

Case study 19

Case study 20

Unit 15

Case study 1

Case study 2

Case study 3

Case study 4

Case study 5

Case study 6

Case study 7

Case study 8

Case study 9

Case study 10

Case study 11

Case study 12

Case study 13

Case study 14

Case study 15

Case study 16

Case study 17

Case study 18

Case study 19

Case study 20

Unit 16

Case study 1

Case study 2

Case study 3

Case study 4

Case study 5

Case study 6

Case study 7

Case study 8

Case study 9

Case study 10

Case study 11

Case study 12

Case study 13

Case study 14

Case study 15

Case study 16

Case study 17

Case study 18

Case study 19

Case study 20

Unit 17

Case study 1

Case study 2

Case study 3

Case study 4

Case study 5

Case study 6

Case study 7

Case study 8

Case study 9

Case study 10

Case study 11

Case study 12

Case study 13

Case study 14

Case study 15

Case study 16

Case study 17

Case study 18

Case study 19

Case study 20

Unit 18

Case study 1

Case study 2

Case study 3

Case study 4

Case study 5

Case study 6

Case study 7

Case study 8

Case study 9

Case study 10

Case study 11

Case study 12

Case study 13

Case study 14

Case study 15

Case study 16

Case study 17

Case study 18

Case study 19

Case study 20

Unit 19

Case study 1

Case study 2

Case study 3

Case study 4

Case study 5

Case study 6

Case study 7

Case study 8

Case study 9

Case study 10

Case study 11

Case study 12

Case study 13

Case study 14

Case study 15

Case study 16

Case study 17

Case study 18

Case study 19

Case study 20

Case study 21

Unit 20

Case study 1

Case study 2

Case study 3

Case study 4

Case study 5

Case study 6

Case study 7

Case study 8

Case study 9

Case study 10

Case study 11

Case study 12

Case study 13

Case study 14

Case study 15

Case study 16

Case study 17

Case study 18

Case study 19

Case study 20

Case study 21

Unit 21

Case study 1

Case study 2

Case study 3

Case study 4

Case study 5

Case study 6

Case study 7

Case study 8

Case study 9

Case study 10

Case study 11

Case study 12

Case study 13

Case study 14

Case study 15

Case study 16

Case study 17

Case study 18

Case study 19

Case study 20

Case study 21

Unit 22

Case study 1

Case study 2

Case study 3

Case study 4

Case study 5

Case study 6

Case study 7

Case study 8

Case study 9

Case study 10

Case study 11

Case study 12

Case study 13

Case study 14

Case study 15

Case study 16

Case study 17

Case study 18

Case study 19

Case study 20

Case study 21

Unit 23

Case study 1

Case study 2

Case study 3

Case study 4

Case study 5

Case study 6

Case study 7

Case study 8

Case study 9

Case study 10

Case study 11

Case study 12

Case study 13

Case study 14

Case study 15

Case study 16

Case study 17

Case study 18

Case study 19

Case study 20

Case study 21

Unit 24

Case study 1

Case study 2

Case study 3

Case study 4

Case study 5

Case study 6

Case study 7

Case study 8

Case study 9

Case study 10

Case study 11

Case study 12

Case study 13

Case study 14

Case study 15

Case study 16

Case study 17

Case study 18

Case study 19

Case study 20

Case study 21

Preface

The book is the third (practical) part of the Manual of First Aid. All texts are short, understandable and always contain the right answer (marked with ◄), which makes them suitable for self-study and testing the paramedicsʼ professional knowledge as well.

In the first volume the cases concern the following topics: airway and breathing assessment, proper interventions for patients with respiratory compromise, oxygen delivery systems, ventilatory support, respiratory anatomy and physiology, basic airway management, basic cardiopulmonary resuscitation, advanced interventions, cardiology, medical emergencies, traumatic injuries, gynaecology, obstetrics and paediatrics. The last chapter deals with legal considerations, communication, scene safety and scene management, vehicle operations, hazardous materials and mass casualty incidents.

The second volume (revision lessons) is divided into 24 units, each of which contains about 20 casuistics on different topics.

Bibliography

Cambridge English Pronouncing Dictionary. 17th ed. Cambridge University Press. 2006. 559p

Marchetta Mark: Barronʼs Paramedic Exam. Baronʼs Educational Series 2008, 2nd ed. 275 p.

Paramedic Certification Exam. Learning Express. New York 2009. 4th ed. 210 p.

Volume 1

Part 1

Airway and breathing

Airway and breathing assessment; proper interventions for patients with respiratory compromise; oxygen delivery systems; ventilatory support; respiratory anatomy and physiology; basic airway management; basic cardiopulmonary resuscitation; advanced interventions

Unit 1

Case study 1

The absence of carbon dioxide in 1_______ ___ indicates the endotracheal tube has been: placed in the oesophagus. ◄

The 2_______ __ carbon dioxide likely indicates that the 3____________ ____ has been placed in the oesophagus. 4

4__________ correct endotracheal tube placement is absolutely essential.

•  Your next action is: remove the endotracheal tube and provide several ventilations prior to attempting intubation again. ◄

The endotracheal tube is likely placed in the 5__________. Your next action is to 6______ the endotracheal tube and provide 7_______ ____________ with supplemental oxygen 8_____ __ attempting another intubation.

Case study 2

The 1____ used to describe normal breath sounds heard over most of the 2_____ ____ is:

•  3_________

•  4____________

•  vesicular ◄

•  bronchovesicular

Case study 3

Breath sounds such as 1_______ ___ _______ that are not normally heard are 2_______ __:

•  bronchial

•  adventitious ◄

•  vesicular

•  bronchovesicular

Case study 4

The following correctly describes the flow of air from outside the body into the trachea: - Nose, 1_____ ________, nasopharynx, oropharynx, 2______________, larynx,3 _______. ◄

Case study 5

You are called for an unresponsive 29-year-old man. Bystanders report he has been drinking heavily all day. Assessment reveals the patient to be responsive only to painful stimuli. His breathing is shallow at a rate of four times per minute.

•  How would you manage this patient? – Bag-valve device with a reservoir at 10-15 LPM ◄

Breathing must be supported with a 1___-_____ ______ with 2____________ high-flow oxygen. This patient’s breathing is too 3____ and too 4______ to receive enough oxygen for proper 5___ ________ to take place.

Case study 6

The area where the trachea 1_______ into the right and left mainstem 2_______ is known as the:

•  pleura

•  xiphoid process

•  carina ◄

•  3_______ angle

Case study 7

The administration of which of the following may result in a decrease in the respiratory rate? – Morphine sulphate. ◄

1________ is an opiate that can cause 2_______ _______ ______ depression. Administration may result in a 3________ in the respiratory rate. Patients receiving morphine must be monitored closely for 4___________ __________.

Case study 8

The 1__________ _________ between the base of the 2______ and the 3__________ into which the tip of the curved blade (Macintosh blade) is placed during 4___________ intubation is the:

•  carina

•  vallecula ◄

•  glottis

•  oesophagus

Case study 9

When blood levels of carbon dioxide or hydrogen ions 1________ above normal, the respiratory centre of the brain responds by: increasing the rate and depth of respiration. ◄

2____ ___ _____ of respiration are increased to 3_________ excess CO2 and therefore decreasing hydrogen ion concentrations. This is a normal 4____________ __________ of the body.

Case study 10

The blood component 1___________ for transporting oxygen from the 2_____ to the 3____ _______ and transporting 4______ _______ from the body tissues to the lungs is the:

•  plasma

•  platelets

•  leukocytes

•  erythrocytes ◄

Case study 11

Which is the 1_________ of the laryngeal mask airway (2___)? – It is blindly inserted. ◄

LMA insertion does not require 3____________.

Case study 12

What is often a 1____ _______ in patients with respiratory distress? – Cyanosis ◄

2________ is a late finding and may not 3__ _______ even when the patient is severely 4_______.

Case study 13

You have a female patient with a long history of COPD who complains of worsening shortness of breath. She is on continuous 2 LMP of home oxygen.

•  You are concerned that increasing the oxygen flow may eliminate the hypoxic drive to breathe because the hypoxic rate is regulated by: low PaO2. ◄

1_______ _____ to breathe is common in patients with COPD or other 2____________ respiratory disorders. Hypoxic drive is regulated by a low PaO2. (3_______ ________ __ ______). Delivering an 4_________ _____________ of oxygen may increase the PaO2. and therefore eliminate the drive to breathe.

Case study 14

You arrive on the scene of a patient who is receiving bag-valve-mask ventilation. The abdomen is extremely distended. After intubation, you have resistance while 1_______ the patient. Lung sounds are diminished 2___________ and the trachea is midline.

•  What should you do? – Insert a naso/oral gastric tube. ◄

When 3_______ __________ interferes with 4___________, insertion of a naso/oral gastric tube into the stomach 5__ _________.

Case study 15

The simplest airway management 1__________ in a patient without suspected 2________ _____ injury is: head-tilt/chin-lift 3________.

Case study 16

The proper size 1_____________ airway is determined 2__ ________: from the corner of the mouth to the tip of the earlobe at the angle of the jaw. ◄

It is essential that the OPA be sized appropriately because improper sizing can lead to 3______ ___________.

Case study 17

The maximum water pressure recommended for 1________ ________ ventilation should not exceed: 30 cm. ◄

The valve opening at the cardiac sphincter (opening into the 2_______) is approximately 30 cm/H2O. Not exceeding 30 cm/H2O will reduce (not eliminate) the occurrence of 3_______ __________.

Case study 18

Manual manoeuvres used 1__ _____ a patient’s airway: include head tilt/chin lift and jaw-thrust. ◄

The 2____ ____/____ ____ and 3___-______ manoeuvre are both very effective in initial management of the airway.

Case study 19

Advantages of the Oesophageal Tracheal Combi/Tube include all of the following:

•  1_________ is rapid and easy. ◄

•  It can be used on 2______ patients. ◄

•  It can provide ventilation when 3______ in the oesophagus. ◄

It is not indicated for 4_________ patients due to its large diameter and the risk of 5___________ of the oesophagus.

Case study 20

Causes for decreased ETC 02 readings include:

•  nonperfusing patient ◄

•  presence of severe 1________◄

•  presence of 2__________ emboli ◄

All the conditions listed will result in a decreased ETC02 reading. Other 3______ include shock, bronchospasm, and incomplete airway obstruction (such as 4_____ plugging).

Case study 21

You are caring for a male patient in ventricular tachycardia. He is lethargic, diaphoretic, pale, and has vomited once. His vital signs are: BP 74/P, pulse 184, respirations 14. You are assigned to manage the airway.

1_______ __________ should include: 2___________ the airway for vomitus. ◄

Remember the basics! You must first open the airway and suction it 3______ any other airway management.

•  Your patient becomes unresponsive and apnoeic. Further airway management should include: endotracheal 4__________. ◄

Case study 22

Succinylcholine is contraindicated in patients with crush injures because of: risk of hyperkalemia. ◄

Succinylcholine should not be used in 1_____ trauma, 2_____, or 3_____ injuries because these conditions can result in 4_____________.

Vocabulary 1

abdomen /ˈæb.də.mən/

acidosis /ˌæs.ɪˈdəʊ.sɪs/

administration /ədˌmɪn.ɪˈstreɪ.ʃən/

advanced /ədˈvɑːnt st/

advantage /ədˈvɑːn.tɪdʒ/

adventitious /ˌæd.vənˈtɪʃ.əs/

airway /ˈeə.weɪ/

angle /ˈæŋgəl/

apnoeic /æpˈniː.ɪk/

appropriately /əˈprəʊ.pri.ət.li/

assessment /əˈses.mənt/

assign /əˈsaɪn/

attempt /əˈtemp t/

bag /bæg/

bag /bæɡ/ valve /vælv/

bag-valve mask /mɑːsk/

base /beɪs/

basic /ˈbeɪ.sɪk/

bilaterally /ˌbaɪˈlæt.ər.ə.li/

blade /bleɪd/

blindly /ˈblaɪnd.li/

blunt / blʌnt/

brain /breɪn/

bronchospasm /ˌbrɒŋ.kəʊ.ˈspæz.əm/

bronchus /ˈbrɒŋ.kəs/ pl bronchi /-kaɪ/

burn /bɜːn/

bystander /ˈbaɪˌstæn.dər/

carbon /ˈkɑː.bən/ dioxide /daɪˈɒk.saɪd/

care / keə/ for / fɔː/

carina /kəˈrɑɪn.ə/

cavity /ˈkæv.ɪ.ti/

chest /tʃest/ wall /wɔːl/

chin-lift /tʃɪn/, /lɪft/

Combi tube /kom’bi.tjuːb/

common /ˈkɒmən/

compensatory /ˌkɒm.pənˈseɪt.ə ri/

complain /kəmˈpleɪn/

component /kəmˈpəʊnənt/

compromise /ˈkɒmprəˌmaɪz/

concern /kənˈsɜːn/

continuous /kənˈtɪn.ju.əs/

contraindicate /ˌkɒn.trəˈɪn.dɪ.keɪt/

corner /ˈkɔː.nər/

correct /kəˈrekt/

crackle /ˈkræk.l ̩/

crush /krʌʃ/

curved /kɜːvd/

cyanosis /ˌsaɪəˈnəʊ.sɪs/

decrease /dɪˈkriːs/

degenerative /dɪˈdʒen.ər.ə.tɪv/

delivery /dɪˈlɪv.ər.i/

depression /dɪˈpreʃ.ən/

depth /depθ/

device /dɪˈvaɪs/

diameter /daɪˈæm.ɪ.tər/

diaphoretic /ˌdaɪ.ə.fəˈret.ɪk/

diminish /dɪˈmɪnɪʃ/

disorder /dɪˈsɔː.dər/

distend /dɪˈstend/

distension /dɪˈsten.t ʃən/

divide /dɪˈvaɪd/

drive /draɪv/

due /djuː/ to /tʊ/

earlobe