Final History: From Creation to the Present and Beyond

By Raymond E. Schar

Final History, the title indicating the imminent demise of humanity and, perhaps, the Earth itself, is for young and old readers alike who are interested in history, their origins, where we are headed, and the mysteries of the universe. Beginning with the big bang yet including alternate theories of the universes origins, throughout the book, alternate theories of many other things, such as a supercontinent Pangaea and the Ice Age and even todays global warming are provided for consideration by the reader. What has been taught in classrooms as history is never, by any means, settled as assumed.

• Language: English
• Publisher: Xlibris US
• Release date: Apr 28, 2016
• ISBN: 9781514482391

Raymond E. Schar

I have been a runner (sub-four-minute mile and marathons), kayaker, rock climber, superintendent at a high-rise senior citizen apartment complex, OTR truck driver, network administrator / computer technician, monster and ghost hunter, and kennel helper at a pet motel. Other interests include music, movies, reading, gardening, traveling in Mother Nature’s grand project, and attempting contact with the people known as the North American Sasquatches. I was allegedly born with a cawl, conversed with something extraordinary as a preschooler, and have been a remote viewer and spiritual seeker currently practicing shamanism. My next project is a novel.

Book preview

FINAL HISTORY

From Creation to the

Present and Beyond

the definitive NON-standard History text

RAYMOND E. SCHAR

Copyright © 2016 by Raymond E. Schar.

Library of Congress Control Number:   2016905479

ISBN:      Hardcover      978-1-5144-8241-4

                Softcover        978-1-5144-8240-7

                eBook             978-1-5144-8239-1

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the copyright owner.

Any people depicted in stock imagery provided by Thinkstock are models, and such images are being used for illustrative purposes only.

Certain stock imagery © Thinkstock.

Rev. date: 03/15/2017

Xlibris

1-888-795-4274

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Contents

Preface

PART ONE: Creation to the Current Era

Genesis

Earth: The Early Years

Let There Be Life

The Cambrian Explosion

The Post-Cambrian Worlds

The Human Beginnings

The Neanderthals, and More

We Are Cattle

Atlantis and the Golden Age

The Rise of Humanity Before the Great Flood

The Pleistocene / Holocene Boundary Event and the Deluge

The Ramayana and the Mahabharata

Gilgamesh

The Gods Depart and Human Consciousness Awakens

The Anunnaki / Sumerian Legacy

Calendars and Time

The Empires of Men….

… Or The Empire of God?

PART TWO: the Current Era, the Age of Pisces

The Middle and Dark Ages

Post-Millennium in the Dark Ages

The Age of Exploration and Discovery, and the Renaissance

The Great Experiments

Wars, Inhumane Acts, and Other Catastrophes

The Strange Cases of Jacko and Bauman

Mystery Airships of the Late 1890’s

The 20th Century

The War to End All Wars

Between World Wars, The Ostman Tale

The Great Depression and The Second World War

Post- World War II

The ‘Era of Great Feelings’

The Turbulent 60s

Ronald Reagan and the Greed Generation

Post-Millennium in the Modern Era

Current and Future Mysteries Including the Bad News and the Good News

AfterWords

Appendix Time Enough Redux

Preface

I’ve tried to write this narrative from as many diverse sources as possible, with most if not all of them disagreeing with mainstream history texts, which is the same old, same OLD. It has often been said that history is written by the victors in conflicts and is therefore not quite exactly what actually happened, objectively speaking. And Bertrand Russell said War does not determine who is right - only who is left. What I present as factual may sometimes be debated and even vehemently denied, but it is as logically accurate and sensible as I see the past, present, and possible future.

Regarding the dates of Eons, Periods, and Eras; a quick scan of myriad websites and various textbooks indicates there is no consensus among scientists and other people-who-think-they-know concerning the beginnings and ends of these arbitrary Time periods, and in this text I’ve used nicely rounded-off figures to express these generalizations. For purposes here, it doesn’t matter much if a date is claimed to be 4.8724 million years ago (dating methods such as Carbon14 are not precise enough) -- here, it’s just 4.9 million years ago. Later on in this history, when actual definitive dates are known, they are precisely given.

My opinions are occasionally given throughout this text, with the understanding that there are as many opinions as there are experts.¹ The definitions of opinion include a belief stronger than impression and less strong than positive knowledge and a formal statement by an expert after careful study; while I cannot and do not claim to be an expert, I can with assurance state that I have carefully studied the following material presented on a textual basis, and have judged accordingly. As historian Susan Wise Bauer has written, Every historian sorts through evidence, discards what seems irrelevant, and arranges the rest into a pattern. ²

Much of the material presented may be new to the reader, for items from the past are continually being unearthed or re-discovered, continually returning to bite the unaware in the flesh as if demanding attention. An old adage states that the only constant in this universe is change. It is possible to change the past.

PART ONE

Creation to the Current Era

Genesis

For science the great mystery to be explained is the physical universe. For esoteric philosophy the great miracle is human consciousness.

- Jonathan Black in The Secret History of the World

In the beginning, approximately 30 billion years ago, there was nothing ‘here’ but everything that had previously existed ‘there’, an other universe (or a different universe made up of other dimensions) ending in an incredibly immense other-universal singularity, and at the penultimate moment when everything ‘there’ that had been could compress no longer, at the utter depths of that other universe’s final inhalation, our universe was born with its initial exhalation, an explosion like no other until the end of Time, far into the future, into a new universe.

The entirety of our universe that we experience today, no matter how distant the far reaches are perceived (formerly about 16 billion light-years, currently double that estimate), was created from the confines of an atomic nucleus known as a singularity, infinitely dense and trillions of degrees in temperature on any conceivable measurement scale. Or, if you will, the most immense black hole one could possibly imagine, a black hole which could contain not one more bit of the previous universe. Like breaking a gigantic compacted clump of billiard balls, everything that immediately was, including all that was not yet (not yet matter but formless energy), broke away from everything else and, spinning wildly, went flying off ‘outward’ in all directions in and of the void, the nothingness, and away from everything else, sentient, pre-sentient, or otherwise. Because at present there are two seemingly opposing schools of thought on what came first, matter or mind, the chicken or the egg. A scientist thoroughly entrenched in the material world would opt for the former, while an esoteric philosopher or spiritualist (whether drenched in organized religion or ‘freethinking’) would argue for the latter, that the universe began with a thought in the mind of God, that this Creator God so loved the nothing that had been/the everything that was to be, that It dispersed/’sacrificed’/recreated ItSelf in everything to come at the moment of the singularity known as the Big Bang. Both opposing schools of thought have interesting and valid points, and perhaps both may be ‘correct’ and are not so oppositional after all, but does it really make a difference? Never mind, no matter. Or vice-versa.

If one uses the Bible as a creation model, the first 25 verses of Genesis Chapter 1 (disregarding the sexism of God being male; of what use would the Creator Deity have for gender?) could be analogous to each day being equal to a billion years here on Earth, and is as far as one can go until smacking into an illogical wall, when the original Creator (singular) allegedly created "man in our (suddenly plural) image. Far into the future in this small section of the universe, Freemasons see the Supreme Deity as the Grand Architect of the Universe, as the Freemasons were deeply into building; personally, if I were forced to give the Supreme Deity a title, it would be the Grand Gamer and Systems Designer of the Multiverse, as many people today liken life to a game – those who play best" (helping others, human and otherwise) get to decide if they’ll play again.

In the currently-accepted narrative of the universe’s origin, the Big Bang theory, the most important force in this relativistic cosmos which we occupy is the geometry of gravity. A certain comedian has quipped that if there is a god, said god is a gigantic magnet (immense black holes at the centers of galaxies?). There is an alternative option, another choice, if you must have it, however, where the primary driving force is electromagnetism and the geometry is of rotating plasma vortices. The driving force of this option has been Hannes Alfven, Swedish physicist and Nobel laureate, and Anthony Peratt, noted plasma physicist and Cosmologist. Another physicist, Eric J. Lerner, is the author of The Big Bang Never Happened, which explains that our universe and everything in it, from atoms to galactic clusters, are electrically charged bodies or systems and which further concludes in the hypothesis that our universe is eternal, without beginning or end.³ Immanuel Velikovsky ⁴ et al showed that planetary bodies (and hence all galactic bodies?) are electrically charged, but whether this means the universe is without beginning or end is another matter. Our universe has been dated by measuring the light years (the distance it takes light to travel in an Earth Year at 186,000 miles per second, 60 x 60 x 24 x 365.27 x 186,000 = 5,870,035,008,000 miles in a Light Year) between us and the furthest discerned galactic bodies from here, resulting in the approximation of 30 billion years. If this age of the universe is correct (which still puts a limit to Eternity) then our own solar system is 1/6th the age of the whole, making us universal toddlers.

The initial components which allegedly comprised this early universe were fundamental subatomic particles and their oppositely-charged antiparticles, various unknown dimensions (in June of 2011 physicists at Stanford University calculated the hypothetical number of universes that were formed as a result of the Big Bang as 10¹⁰¹⁶ universes), Time and space (or Spacetime) itself, and the four forces of nature -- the strong and weak nuclear forces, gravity, and electromagnetism. Even in the creation of this universe, annihilation began with the collisions of particles and antiparticles resulting in the creation of more energy, which further propelled everything outward, away from the newborn universe’s point of origin. During this initial period after its birthing, the universe underwent a rate of expansion many times the speed of light (indicating that the speed of light is not a constant or finite limit), with the universe in less than one thousandth of a second doubling in size at least one hundred times. Afterwards for the next half million years or so, the universe continued to expand (as it does today) and cooled to a temperature of 10,000°K, and light and matter became separate entities as the energy of the universe’s genesis gradually became less and less dense.

Millions of years passed before the now-separate entities of energy and matter, ever spinning in this ever expanding universe, began coalescing into slightly cooler forms while they began losing their heat to space, every mass rotating about their own centers of gravity. In their earliest stages, these bodies were swirling masses of heat and light, and a response to that dumbest of questions posing as a deep philosophical debate if a tree falls in the forest and no one is around to hear it, does it make a sound? Here, if one wanted to be similarly obtuse, one might ask If no one was around to feel the heat and see the light, does one really matter? But I facetiously digress -- back to the narrative.

The intrinsic components of our ever-expanding universe had clustered together to form hydrogen molecules, and four groups of hydrogen molecules clustered together to form helium and a thermonuclear reaction to form into larger masses of spinning heat and light, which became proto-stars of varying size and energy. These proto-stars would either flare up and die or live on, ultimately turning into stars of various sizes which generate their own light and heat, essentially through thermonuclear fusion. In the case of our star, though, the behavior of our Sun does not fit the conventional theory. We observe a lack of neutrinos (small neutral ones) ; temperature reductions rather than gains as one approaches the surface; accelerated solar wind; strange rotation behavior and holes in the surface that reveal a cooler, rather than hotter, interior. ⁵ A possible explanation for this anomaly will be posited at the end of this text.

In general, though, stars are luminous balls of plasma shaped and bound together by gravity, whose various fields extend outward far beyond the star to affect the surrounding cosmic material in the star’s sphere of influence. Humans have classified stars into four groups based on mass; flyweights are those with less than .5 solar mass (SM, with our sun being 1 SM); lightweights are those from .5 to 4 SM; middleweights are those from 4 to 8 SM; and heavyweights are those from 8 SM and up. Stars have a life expectancy calculated as inverse to its mass, with flyweight stars existing for 55 billion years and the most massive stars lasting only a few million years. ⁶ It is these massive stars going supernova in the universe which create the heavier elements in our periodic table and contribute cosmic material to newer solar systems. Together with the star’s solar wind and material from other exploding stars, its magnetic/orbital ecliptical plane is shaped into areas of large spinning masses of energetic plasma that eventually cool to become solid matter, planets and moons and comets, oh sky! Conversely, stars attract one another through super-gravity (and dark matter; see below) to form nebulae and galaxies and other giant accretions of matter and energy.

In Time, a lot of everything came into solid being, all the while rotating about individual axes, even as those pesky energy/spiritual beings, those bits and non-physical thoughts of Deity ‘here’ since the beginning, flitted into and out of SpaceTime and other dimensions. And They/We are still here, and always will be, at least until the said end of Time in this universe. Regarding these energy beings (souls, spirits, etc.) there are, in fact, other subdivisions in esoteric thought; Dualism states that there are two gods, one of light and energy and therefore non-material in nature, the good god which created our spirits or souls, and one of solidity and the material world, the evil god (or the Judeo-Christian Satan) which created the world and our physical bodies which contains/entraps our souls. A bumper sticker somewhat popular these days reflects this view, stating: "I am not a body, I inhabit a body. Or I do not have a soul, I am a soul".

While our observable universe has been recently updated to over 30 billion years old, our particular solar system only began approximately 5 billion years ago, although others formed much sooner, elsewhere. And even while matter took form and center stage in this universal play, billiard planets and other objects continued impacting one another as the universe never ceased to expand, with everything flying away from everything else for the most part. It was once supposed that space was mostly empty because one can see the stars and other increasingly distant objects, but as it turns out space is not as empty as it appears, rife not only with energy and matter but with other material such as ‘dark matter’, which comprises approximately 90 to 95% of the universe we experience, and perhaps stranger material that we have only begun to imagine, as well as hidden or undetected dimensions. Dark matter is needed to explain the universe and to assist gravity in a major way to draw larger masses together to form galaxies and galactic clusters. With space so not empty, it is inevitable that we find evidence for continual impacts everywhere one looks in this solar system, and most likely everywhere else in the universe, in the form of utter devastation and apparent bleakness, i.e. remnants of gigantic explosions, countless impact craters, ‘dead’ worlds, and fragments of dead worlds. In other words, continuing annihilation on a scale much larger than colliding subatomic particles.

Just as particles (or strings and membranes, perhaps?) have their opposite in antiparticles, and gravity has its opposite in levity, with annihilation (or destruction) comes its opposite creation, or construction; beyond the first billion years or so after the birth of our solar system, it was through cooling of this hot swirling matter and accretion of other material that our planet was solidly formed during about the next 10 to 20 million years, at an optimal range (the Goldilocks zone, approximately 93 mean million miles distant, 1 Astronomical Unit) from our star for temperature ranges to be ideal for Life to eventually arise, evolve, and for human consciousness to ultimately observe the universe. It has been said that consciousness creates the universe, whether God as the initial conscious Creator or Humankind as the current observing consciousness; as for the latter’s observation of other planets in our solar system (not necessarily applicable to other solar systems), two humans devised the Titius-Bode Law as a method for determining the distance in Astronomical Units from the sun to each planet by doubling numbers in a sequence

(0 1 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256 512), multiplying these numbers by 3

(0 3 6 12 24 48 96 192 384 768 1536) and adding 4

(4 7 10 16 28 52 100 196 388 772 1540) to get (after moving the decimal place)

Mercury @ .4 (calculated distance in Astronomical Units)/.39 (actual A.U.s),

      Venus @ .7/.72,

            Earth @ 1.0/1.0,

                  Mars @ 1.6/1.52,

            the asteroid belt (evidently a former planet) @ 2.8/2.77,

                        Jupiter @ 5.2/5.2,

                              Saturn @ 10.0/9.54,

                                    Uranus @ 19.6/19.2,

                                          Neptune @ 38.8/30.06, and

                                                Pluto @ 77.2/39.44. ⁷

A Grand Design? or another (re)discovered Natural Law?

While Neptune’s proposed and actual numbers disagree and Pluto’s (recently downgraded by scientists to a planetoid even though more recently it’s 5th moon has been discovered) numbers are even more disagreeable, it has been hypothesized that where Pluto should be there is an unseen giant planet perturbing the orbits of both of these two outer planetary bodies. An additional unknown planet, if any, is alleged to be 154 A.U.s, or 14,322 million miles, from the sun.

Most stars will have planets, most stars will have planets in the habitable zone (where liquid water is present), and therefore planets with mild climates producing liquid water will have Life. As our solar system is a sixth the age of the universe, there will be plenty of advanced Life and civilizations everywhere else in the universe, and some will have figured out ways to travel farther than we can imagine.

Earth: The Early Years

It’s a small world, but I’d hate to paint it.

- Steven Wright

In Time, the third planetesimal (ever-increasing clump of cosmic dust) from our sun grew large enough to form a sphere and become a proto-planet. As it was closer to the star it was orbiting, it was composed mostly of metals, minerals and rock fragments, as was its nearest four neighbors, while the outer planets were composed mainly of lower-density ices and gases. Eventually the masses of the higher-density proto-planets rose to the point where the gravitational centers generated enough heat to melt the composite materials, and with the birth of a core the proto-planet became a planet. Between 5 billion and 4.5 billion years ago, the outer surface of this rotating molten mass orbiting our sun began becoming the rock of Earth’s crust, cooling and thickening with time, while the interior coalesced into a magnetic core and the planet’s center of gravity. Today it is estimated that Planet’s crust, known as the lithosphere, is approximately 20 to 30 miles thick, with a relatively viscous layer directly underneath, known as the asthenosphere, on which the lithosphere rides. Beneath the asthenosphere is hypothesized to be an upper and lower mantle, and then going deeper, a transition zone of extremely low viscosity liquid outer core lying above a solid inner core. The inner core may rotate at a slightly higher angular velocity than the remainder of the planet, advancing by 0.1 – 0.5° per year, and this is most likely the generator of Earth’s magnetic field, which offers strong protection from impacting extraterrestrial particles and objects…. most of the time, anyway.

The Hadean Eon, also known as The Rockless Eon, from 4.6 to 3.9 billion years ago, is the period of time in the Earth’s history from its inception to the solidifying of the planet’s crust, all the while being constantly bombarded by other material such as meteorites, asteroids, solar flares, supernova elements and comets. Earth’s magnetic field during this period offered little if any protection as it was extremely weak and virtually nonexistent. With this continuous accretion the Earth grew, not only in size (slightly) but also in richness of material, a capricious mixture of elements. The scenery of the world in (those) days.… must have been more like the interior of a furnace than anything else to be found upon Earth at the present time. ⁸ Planetary bodies such as giant comets, falling inward towards the sun’s gravity well from their hypothesized solar system-wide encasing orbits, impacted the young Earth and deposited into and onto its post-molten crust vast quantities of, among other material, frozen liquid instigating through instant evaporation the genesis of a crude atmosphere. Additionally responsible, however marginally, was outgassing of superheated interior material through fractures in the Earth’s thickening and cooling crust. Yet not every extraterrestrial object that collided with our planet remained and was assimilated; during this time of the Earth’s early development, or slightly afterwards, a massive object about four times the size of present-day Earth entered our solar system and smashed the proto-planet Vulcan, the remains of which we see as the asteroid belt, and one of this rogue planet’s trailing satellites careened off the surface of primeval proto-Earth to give birth to our natural satellite, our moon, and allegedly the slight depression that is now our Pacific Ocean.

That’s the current reigning theory regarding the formation of our orbiting companion, despite solid evidence, in the form of recovered moon rocks, that Luna might be older than the Earth -- perhaps our moon was not born of Earth but of the ‘careener’? Previous to the currently accepted theory it was hypothesized that the Earth and its moon were formed separately at the same time, hunks of protoplasm spinning off from the newborn sun. Although the moon is composed of basically the same material as the surface of our Earth, it is apparently massive in viewpoint only. Luna is not as dense as its alleged parent planet, as recent experiments by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) have shown. In some experiments, various projectiles such as Saturn rocket boosters and all five of the Apollo Lunar orbiters were deliberately sent crashing onto the moon’s surface, and monitors previously placed elsewhere over the satellite’s surface recorded the result; the entire moon rang like a bell for days afterwards, as if it were hollow.

Also a lunar mystery are the mascons, huge buried masses of unknown magnetic material embedded at various points just beneath the moon’s surface that are strong enough to vary a spacecraft’s path or orbit, which happened to some Apollo missions. In certain circles, therefore, the moon has been proposed to be a massive artificial construction; continuing along this line of thought, it is somewhat coincidental that the moon appears exactly the same size as the disk of the sun when viewed from Earth, enabling us to experience total solar eclipses. What, precisely, are the odds of that, oh great scientist/gambler, fond of playing with odds? In any case, any ‘model’ of divine or perhaps extraterrestrial intervention explains Luna’s existence, properties and proximity to its parent planet, as part of the combination of factors conducive to prime this world for conditions enabling Life to eventually develop, just as well, if not better than, the naturally occurring ‘model’.

At this point the Hollow Earth theory may as well be dealt with -- it proposes that Earth is as hollow as the moon is conjectured to be, perhaps with an inner ‘sun’ (the core?) radiating light and heat, but there is no basis for this other than misinterpretation of observations and convoluted wishful thinking, and as the basis for some fun fiction. In certain UFO (Unidentified Flying or Floating Object) circles it has been hypothesized that these alleged extraterrestrial craft enter and exit their hidden bases underneath us through hidden holes at the poles, but the holes are evidently invisible and the conjecture does not take into consideration the fact that Earth generates its own heat via a rotating central core within a molten asthenosphere, i.e. our Earth is considered a ‘live’ planet rather than a ‘dead’ or cold world, where there is no tectonic activity and/or heat generated. So although our moon may quite possibly be hollow, Earth cannot possibly be.

Returning to a ‘dead’ world, our moon; whichever model of Luna’s genesis one prefers, the fact remains that our moon’s surface bears evidence that she has been protecting us from cosmic collisions ever since she was created or parked in orbit around Earth. As the moon rotates about us so that it continually shows us one hemisphere exclusively, the side facing us appears relatively serene and unblemished (the ‘seas’) when compared to the ‘far’ side, that hemisphere bearing the brunt of incoming objects threatening Earth. Only recently viewed when humans sent spacecraft around our satellite, the view there is one of total destruction, one impact crater atop another, similar to the surface of Mercury. Nearly in the same state are Luna’s north and south hemispheres, a view from over the moon’s south pole revealing endless devastation. It is apparent that, intentionally or not, Luna has been acting as Earth’s shield. However, we have been hit, and more than one might like to imagine.

Comets (large pieces of frozen pre-solar material, believed to be held at bay just outside our solar system and far away from the sun’s melting rays in the so-called Oort cloud and Kuiper belt, both unseen yet conjectured) were the most likely culprits that deposited water in massive quantities on this Earth and which prompted our atmosphere to grow and allowed our oceans to form, the oceans eventually deepening and separating the slightly higher points on Planet to become landmasses such as islands and continents. Most scientists today are uniformitarianists and adhere to the continental drift theory, even though it is very doubtful that what they propose could have occurred given the time frame involved. Instead of there being random high and low points on Planet, the Pangaea theory posits the formation of one super-continent on this otherwise oceanic planet which broke up to eventually form other super-continents, but since modern scientists are fond of playing odds, they must concede that one ultra-high point or super-continent (their term; humans are obviously fond of superlatives, and I imagine some nerdy eggheads hearken back and rue the demise of 1960’s and 1970’s super-groups like Cream to form other super-groups) in an otherwise watery world was as likely to occur as one throwing a sheaf of papers into the air and expecting them to alight to ground in one pile, in sequential order. End of the Pangaea supposition.

Although it has not always been so, at present our world, 7926 miles in diameter at the equator and 7900 miles in diameter at the poles (Earth is an oblate spheroid, a flattened-at-the-poles sphere), orbits our sun every 365.27 days (one Earth-year) at an axial tilt to the solar ecliptic plane of 23.5 degrees, giving seasons to quite a bit of the planet outside of the tropical zone encompassing (30 degrees north and south from) the equator, or the northern and southern planes of the ecliptic.

Quite probably in its early years, the Earth was similar to other planets in our solar system with its axis directly ‘up’ and ‘down’ without any ecliptic tilt. But then, whether accidental, as in one collision or another like with the alleged birth of our moon, or by design, our planet began spinning at a cant, much to the benefit of later states of affair. The Earth-year (the time it takes for Earth to make one complete orbit around our sun) is a measurement of time from Planet’s perspective and is currently 365.27 days. The so-called Great Year is also a measurement of Time from Planet’s perspective, but on a grander scale; the Great Year is 25,920 Earth-years and measures the time it takes for one complete revolution of the polar axis about the perpendicular ecliptic, an imaginary point defined as the center of an imaginary circle described by its 23.5 degree tilt polar axis. And there’s more: our solar system rotates around the Milky Way galaxy every 200 to 250 million years, and our galaxy also rotates about the Local Group of some 30 galactic clusters known as the Virgo Super-cluster. Our nearest neighbor within this super-cluster is the Andromeda Galaxy, which scientists claim will some day collide with our Milky Way.

Our solar system also regularly dips in and out of denser areas of our galaxy’s spiral arm, much the same way the Earth and other planets regularly dip up and down on their ecliptic plane as they orbit our sun, like a needle floating over a warped vinyl record on a flat turntable. The time it takes for our solar system to either dip down and return to the galactic ecliptic or rise up and return to the solar ecliptic is one-half of a Great Year, or 12,960 Earth-years.

Other planets in our system have shorter or greater lengths of time for their days and years, depending on their distance from the sun and their rates of rotation. A day on Mercury is 58.6 Earth-days and a year is 88 Earth-days; a day on Venus is 243 Earth-days and a year is 224 Earth-days (quixotically Venus’ year is shorter than its day); a day on Mars is similar to Earth at 24.6 hours and a year is almost twice that of Earth at just under 687 Earth-days; a day on Jupiter is guesstimated at just under 10 hours and a year is 12 Earth-years; a day on Saturn is 10.2 hours and a year is 29.5 Earth-years; a day on Uranus is almost 18 hours and a year is just over 84 Earth-years; and a day on Neptune is just over 19 hours and a year is 164.8 Earth-years. With few exceptions like Uranus, which rotates on its side along its orbital path, all of the other planets in our system do not possess an axial tilt quite like Earth’s or a moon as apparently massive in size as ours, and most (if not all) also do not harbor any form of Life, as far as we know….

But of all the