E Pluribus Unum

By Cesar Fabiani

This book describes the importance of America being unitede pluribus unumaccording the original US motto. It contrasts what happened in the United States with the rest of the Americas. The United States, because of its manifest destiny or exceptionalism, one common language, and immigration assimilation, is a nation that, because of its union, should be emulated.

Following geographical distribution, only three Americas should exist: North America (Canada, United States, and Mexico), Central America, and South America, which could be seen in figure 3. It starts with the United States of North America; the English colony; the American Revolution in 1776; its founding father, George Washington; and Abraham Lincoln. Then more recently, Barack Obama and Donald J. Trump are reviewed as well as their titanic efforts to maintain the union. This union was achieved after the original thirteen colonies were expanded with the Mexican-American war, the purchase of Louisiana and Florida, and the annexation of Alaska, Texas, and Hawaii. It triplicated its surface size. It is the third largest country in the world at 9,826,675 square kilometers.

As a contrast in Latin America with rampant division, more than twenty countries were founded. Efforts to unite Central America, the Peru-Bolivian Confederation, and the South American Free Countries (Federal League of the Free Countries) have been unsuccessful with many caudillos and heroes like Marti, Bolivar, Artigas, Juana Azurduy de Padilla, OHiggins, and San Martin, whose efforts have unfortunately been a failure. Many revolutions, civil wars, and corruption among its presidents, such as Cristina Kirchner, Evo Morales, and Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva, have eroded the rest of the Americas.

In the USA, the common language and the embrace of a multicultural nation with exceptionalism manifest destiny has been the formula of success. Two parties, Republicans and Democrats, vs. many parties in the rest of the Americas have contributed to the preservation of the union. This country has been successful in maintaining the union, but not without severe and sanguineous experiences such as the civil war and the abolition of slavery with 750, 000 deaths when the Confederate States of America existed from 1861 to 1865. Now the challenge remains. Will Donald J. Trump maintain the union and resolve the division that until now still exists? Time will tell.

• Language: English
• Publisher: Xlibris US
• Release date: Jun 28, 2017
• ISBN: 9781543432596

Cesar Fabiani

Dr Fabiani has written many scientific papers and 6 books,two in English and Spanish("Liberation from Addiction" and "The Enigma of Stigma"). He works part-time in Family Service and The Progressions Companies Inc. in Bucks County, and also at APM,Pan American in Philadelphia and Citywide Community Service where he is their Medical Director. Dr. Fabiani graduated as an MD from Catholic University in Cordoba,Argentina.at age 23. He was national medical director of Substance Use Disorders, Ministry of Interior, La Paz, Bolivia ,in 1979. Dr. Fabiani worked as an addiction consultant for the Pan American Health Organization for ten years. Certificate of recognition as founder of SILAMP(Society of Ibero Latin American Medical Professionals),and Carlos J. Finlay Annual Conference, December 21,2013. Maintenance of Certification in Addiction Psychiatry April 21,2014. Dr. Fabiani is licensed to practice medicine in Argentina, Bolivia and the states of Pennsylvania and New Jersey in the USA.

Book preview

Copyright © 2017 by Cesar Fabiani.

Illustration at the cover by the distinguished artist Alberto Becerra.

Library of Congress Control Number:         2017910256

ISBN:                   Hardcover                       978-1-5434-3229-9

                            Softcover                         978-1-5434-3228-2

                            eBook                              978-1-5434-3259-6

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the copyright owner.

Any people depicted in stock imagery provided by Thinkstock are models, and such images are being used for illustrative purposes only.

Certain stock imagery © Thinkstock.

Rev. date: 08/16/2017

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CONTENTS

Figures

1   Introduction

2   E Pluribus Unum and America

3   Some Leaders in Latin America: Martí/ Bolívar/Miranda/Artigas/Juana Azurduy de Padilla/O’Higgins/San Martin

4   Political Aspects: Canada/Mexico/ Central America and Panama/ Paraguay-Bolivia/Brazil/Argentina

5   The USA—Washington/Lincoln and Trump

6   Reflections

7   Summary

References

E Pluribus Unum: From Many One. The Tree of Life, roots spreading through the earth, branches spreading into the sky; Musigraphy Musigraphy is the artist Alberto Becerra’s illustration of From Many One = E Pluribus Unum (figure 1).

From Many One

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Cover of E Pluribus Unum: From Many One is Musigraphy. At the center, the country’s flag is surrounded by six other flags: Argentina, Bolivia, Colombia, Great Britain, Hungary, and Spain. The symbol is Tree of Life by artist Arturo Becerra.

E Pluribus Unum: From Many One

THE US MOTTO is United you stand, divided you fall. (In Spanish it is, La union hace la fuerza.) It means that from thirteen colonies there emerges one country (1). Or to say the same, From fifty states, one nation. The USA is really multicultural. In its foundation, the phrase pluribus unum is found on the seal of the USA, before it was replaced with In God we trust. It encapsulates the meaning of union. As far as I know, only in this nation. So many people from so many countries have achieved the American identity! That includes Latinos. The idea of From Many One came to me from my days as a medical student, when I was the president of the Bolivian College Students Association in Cordoba, Argentina, in the 1960s. Then I realized how important it is to be united among Bolivians in Argentina and now, in the year 2017, as Hispanics in the USA. The pluribus unum idea comes from an Argentinean gaucho, Martin Fierro (2). He stressed the importance of the union of brothers to protect from the threatening destruction of outsiders. This simple fact is easier said than done. But it is more important now that we are facing the Islamic extremist terrorism. I asked myself why. Still now we are not all together. I have many explanations about why we are separated. Consequently, I just would like to underscore its importance, which I really learned in the USA. In this country, the union of Americans is not perfect. As we can see after the election of Donald Trump, the country is divided. However, what has been accomplished in this country, which is really multicultural, is unique and must be emulated.

SO THIS BOOK is the narration of what we can learn from America and apply to Latinos in the Americas. Here Latinos, as part of all Americans, should be united.

From many cultures, we should be one: E pluribus unum.

According to the geography in the Americas, there should be only three countries—North, Central, and South America. In Central America, I include Cuba and the Dominican Republic, as well as Puerto Rico. In the nation of the Dominican Republic, on one of its beautiful beaches, is where Christopher Columbus landed and discovered America! In the future, will Miranda and Bolívar’s dream of an America that involves all the Hispanics, an America know to that day (figure 3), become a reality? Will this be doable?

The Americas. This original picture was made by the distinguished psychiatrist from the Dominican Republic, Dr. Ivelisse Acosta. It encapsulates in one picture this book’s content—one America! One picture is worth a thousand words. This picture has become the logo of an important organization: Psiquiatras de America.

Figures

Figure 1.-Cover

Cover.tif

Figure 2. The Americas: North, Central, and South America. Picture published with authorization of its author, distinguished psychiatrist from the Dominican Republic, Dr. Ivelisse Acosta.

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Figure 3. Mexico

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Figure 4. Canada

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Figure 5. Brazil

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Figure 6. Panama

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Figure 7. Central America—Nicaragua

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Figure 8. Central America—Costa Rica

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Figure 9. Central America—El Salvador

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Figure 10. South America

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Figure 11. Central America—Honduras

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Figure 12. Peru-Bolivian Confederation code of arms

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Figure 13. Simón Bolívar

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Figure 14. Peru-Bolivian Confederation map

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Figure 15. Uruguay

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Figure 16. Trail of tears

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Figure 17. Central America

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Figure 18. Argentina

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1

Introduction

From Many One/E Pluribus Unum

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From Many One

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The symbol—Tree of Life!

1. Introduction

E Pluribus Unum—La Union Hace la Fuerza

THE IDEA OF From Many One comes from my days as a medical student, when I was the president of the Bolivian University Students Association in Cordoba, Argentina, in the 1960s. Then I realized how important it is to be united among Bolivians in Argentina and, now in the year 2016, as Latinos in the USA. Its origin comes from an Argentinean gaucho, Martin Fierro, who stressed the importance of the union of brothers to prevent the threatening destruction from outsiders. This simple fact is easier said than done. Why? I asked myself. Still now I have many explanations why we are separated, but I have no definite answers to the question, why are we not united? Consequently, I just would like to underscore its importance, which I really learned in this country. In this country, the union of