Organic Crop Production Technology
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According to the International Federation of Organic Agriculture Movements (IFOAM), Organic agriculture is a "production system that sustains the health of soils, eco-systems and people. It relies on ecological processes, biodiversity and cycles adapted to local conditions, rather than the use of inputs with adverse effects. Organic agriculture combines tradition, innovation and science to benefit the shared environment and promote fair relationships and a good quality of life for all involved". According to FAO, "Organic is a claim on the production process rather than a claim on the product itself". National Organic Program (NOP) of United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) defines 'Organic' as "a labeling term that indicated that the food or other agricultural product has been produced through approved methods that integrate cultural, biological and mechanical practices that foster cycling of resources, promote ecological balance, and conserve biodiversity".
Gowri Vijayan
Gowri Vijayan is a Horticulture graduate with a post graduate degree in Agribusiness management. She is currently pursuing her doctoral research on Sustainable Operations Management with a prominent International University. Crop production techniques, marketing of agricultural products and supply chain designing are some of her major areas of expertise. Writing is her passion and she publishes her work on agribusiness and horticulture through agrihortico.com, a leading portal in agribusiness and horticulture knowledge dissemination services.
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Organic Crop Production Technology - Gowri Vijayan
Organic Crop Production Technology
Gowri Vijayan
All Rights Reserved. No parts of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of agrihortico
© 2013 AGRIHORTICO
CONTENT
INTRODUCTION
ORGANIC CROP PRODUCTION PRACTICES
GREEN MANURING
PEST AND DISEASE MANAGEMENT
WEED MANAGEMENT
ORGANIC FOOD PROCESSING AND HANDLING
ORGANIC FOOD PACKAGING AND LABELING
ORGANCI FOOD STORAGE AND TRANSPORT
INTRODUCTION
According to the International Federation of Organic Agriculture Movements (IFOAM), Organic agriculture is a production system that sustains the health of soils, eco-systems and people. It relies on ecological processes, biodiversity and cycles adapted to local conditions, rather than the use of inputs with adverse effects. Organic agriculture combines tradition, innovation and science to benefit the shared environment and promote fair relationships and a good quality of life for all involved
. According to FAO, Organic is a claim on the production process rather than a claim on the product itself
. National Organic Program (NOP) of United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) defines ‘Organic’ as a labeling term that indicated that the food or other agricultural product has been produced through approved methods that integrate cultural, biological and mechanical practices that foster cycling of resources, promote ecological balance, and conserve biodiversity
. Synthetic fertilizers, sewage sludge, irradiation, and genetic engineering may not be used.
The origin of organic farming can be traced back to 10,000 years ago, to the Neolithic period of ancient civilizations like Mesopotamia, Hwang basin etc. The very evolution of agriculture over the millennium shows its organic roots. Ancient Indian literature like Rigveda, Ramayana, Mahabharata, Kautilya Arthasashthra etc. briefly mention use of organic inputs. Organic farming is based on the principle of health, ecology, fairness and care. Organic agriculture intends to provide high quality and nutritious food, without compromising on health and well-beings of human beings. It is a holistic management system, enhancing well-being of the entire agro ecosystem, including its biodiversity, soil biological activity and biological cycle.
Advantages of Organic Farming
Reduces production cost by 25-30%, by avoiding synthetic fertilizers and pesticides
Retains 40%