Treaty of Amritsar

By British Government and Maharajah Gulab Singh of Jammu

The Treaty of Amritsar by the British Government was executed by the British East India Company and Raja Gulab Singh of Jammu after the First Anglo-Sikh War. The treaty established the princely state of Jammu and Kashmir under the suzerainty of the British Indian Empire. Excerpt: "Article 1. Perpetual friendship shall subsist between the British Government and the State of Lahore. The latter shall be considered, concerning the former, to be on the footing of the most favored powers; and the British Government will have no concern with the territories and subjects of the Rajah to the northward of the Sutlej. Article 2. The Rajah will never maintain in the territory occupied by him and his dependants."

• Language: English
• Publisher: Good Press
• Release date: Dec 8, 2020
• ISBN: 4064066432041

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British Government, Maharajah Gulab Singh of Jammu

Treaty of Amritsar

Published by Good Press, 2022

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EAN 4064066432041

Table of Contents

The text of the treaty

Letter of Governor-General to Gulab Singh. January 7, 1848

Lawrence to Jawala Sahai. January 14, 1852

Governor-General to Gulab Singh. September 26, 1873

Officer n Special Duty to Foreign Secretary. December 9, 1882

Government of India to the Secretary of State for India. April 7, 1884

The Secretary to State for India to The Government of India. May 23, 1884

The Secretary of State to the Government of India. August 1, 1884

Kharita from the viceroy to the Maharaja of Jammu & Kashmir. September 14, 1885

Resident in Kashmir to Secretary to the Government of India. September 16, 1885

From Partap Singh to the Viceroy. September 18, 1885

Durbar Proclamation. September 25, 1885

Partap Singh's Address in Durbar. September 25, 1885

Partap Singh's Address in Durbar. October 19, 1885

The Indian Mirror. October 5, 1886

Report on the affairs of the State of Jammu & Kashmir by the Resident of Kashmir. March 5, 1888

Kharita from Partap Singh to the Viceroy. April 13, 1888

Kharita from Partap Singh to the Viceroy. July 25, 1888

Kharita from Viceroy to Maharaja Partap Singh. July 25, 1888

Government of India to the Secretary of State. August 18, 1888

Secretary of State to the Government of India. October 12, 1888

Secretary of State to the Government of India. February 17, 1889

Irshad of Maharaja Partap Singh, Edict of Abdication. March 8, 1889

Irshad of Maharaja Partap Singh, Edict of Abdication. March 13, 1889

Instruction from the Government of India to the Resident in Kashmir. April 1, 1889

From the Resident in Kashmir to Raja Amar Singh, Prime Minister, Kashmir. April 17, 1889

Lord Lansdowne to Maharaja of Kashmir,Letter from Digby to London Times. September 7, 1889

Constitution of the State Council. 1889

Kashmir under the British Administration. January 30, 1890

Resident to Amar Singh. April 27, 1891

State Council Supplementary Rules of business. September 5, 1896

State Council Supplementary Rules of business. November 5, 1899

Restoration of Powers to Maharaja Pratap Singh. 1905

New Arrangements for the Administration of Kashmir by Resident in Kashmir. May 1906

Transactions of Business of the Council Memorandum Maharaja Pratap Singh. 1906

Letter from Chief Minister Jammu and Kashmir State to Maharaja Pratap Singh. July 2,1919

Regulation No. XLVI Jammu and Kashmir State Civil Courts Regulation. 1921

Sri Pratap Reforms Regulation Reserved Subjects. 1922

Sri Pratap Reforms Regulation No. IV of 1922

High Court Code of Civil Procedure

Constitution of Jammu and Kashmir State Council. 1924

The text of the treaty

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The treaty between the British Government on the one part and Maharajah Gulab Singh of Jammu on the other concluded on the part of the British Government by Frederick Currie, Esq. and Brevet-Major Henry Montgomery Lawrence, acting under the orders of the Rt. Hon. Sir Henry Hardinge, G.C.B., one of her Britannic Majesty's most Honorable Privy Council, Governor-General of the possessions of the East India Company, to direct and control all the affairs in the East Indies and by Maharajah Gulab Singh in person - 1846.

Article 1 The British Government transfers and makes over for ever in independent possession to Maharajah Gulab Singh and the heirs male of his body all the hilly or mountainous country with its dependencies situated to the eastward of the River Indus and the westward of the River Ravi including Chamba and excluding Lahol, being part of the territories ceded to the British Government by the Lahore State according to the provisions of Article IV of the Treaty of Lahore, dated 9th March, 1846.

Article 2 The eastern boundary of the tract transferred by the foregoing article to Maharajah Gulab Singh shall be laid down by the Commissioners appointed by the British Government and Maharajah Gulab Singh respectively for that purpose and shall be defined in a separate engagement after survey.

Article 3 In consideration of the transfer made to him and his heirs by the provisions of the foregoing article Maharajah Gulab Singh will pay to the British Government the sum of seventy-five lakhs of rupees (Nanukshahee), fifty lakhs to be paid on or before the 1st October of the current year, A.D., 1846.

Article 4 The limits of territories of Maharajah Gulab Singh shall not be at any time changed without concurrence of the British Government.

Article 5 Maharajah Gulab Singh will refer to the arbitration of the British Government any disputes or question that may arise between himself and the Government of Lahore or any other neighboring State, and will abide by the decision of the British Government.

Article 6 Maharajah Gulab Singh engages for himself and heirs to join, with the whole of his Military Forces, the British troops when employed within the hills or in the territories adjoining his possessions.

Article 7 Maharajah Gulab Singh engages never to take to retain in his service any British subject nor the subject of any European or American State without the consent of the British Governnent.

Article 8 Maharajah Gulab Singh engages to respect in regard to the territory transferred to him, the provisions of Articles V, VI and VII of the separate Engagement between the British Government and the Lahore Durbar, dated 11th March, 1846.

Article 9 The British Government will give its aid to Maharajah Gulab Singh in protecting his territories from external enemies.

Article 10 Maharajah Gulab Singh acknowledges the supremacy of the British Government and will in token of such supremacy present annually to the British Government one horse, twelve shawl goats of approved breed (six male and six female) and three pairs of Cashmere shawls. This Treaty of ten articles has been this day settled by Frederick Currie, Esq. and Brever-Major Henry Montgomery Lawrence, acting under directions of the Rt. Hon. Sir Henry Hardinge, Governor-General, on the part of the British Government and by Maharajah Gulab Singh in person, and the said Treaty has been this day ratified by the seal of the Rt. Hon. Sir Henry Hardinge, Governor-General. Done at Amritsar the sixteenth day of March, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and forty-six, corresponding with the seventeenth day of Rubee-ul-Awal (1262 Hijri).

(Signed) H. Hardinge (Seal) (Signed) F. Currie (Signed) H. M. Lawrence

Letter of Governor-General to Gulab Singh. January 7, 1848

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{Extract) Your Highness is aware of the principle by which the British Government is guided in its treaties with Eastern Princies where cessions of territory are involved that whilst it will scrupulously fulfill all its obligations for the protection of its ally, it never can consent to incur the reproach of becoming indirectly instrument of the oppression of the people committed to the Prince's charge. If the aversion of the people to a Prince's rule should by his injustice become so miserable as to cause the people to seek his downfall, the British Government are bound by no obligation to force the people to submit to a ruler who has derived himself of their allegiance by his misconduct. In no case, will the British Government be the blind instrument of a Ruler's injustice towards his people and if in spite of friendly warnings, the evil of which the British Government may have just cause to complain be not corrected, a system of direct interference must be resorted to which as Your Highness must be aware would lower the dignity and curtail the independence of the Ruler.

Lawrence to Jawala Sahai. January 14, 1852

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(Extract) On account of certain excesses committed by some European Visitors in the past year, I intend to appoint some responsible European official at Srinagar to stay there till the return of the said visitors in order that he may put a stop to the occurance of such excesses. As the Maharaja is well acquainted with the good intentions and sociability of Major MacGregor, I wish he may be allowed to stay at Srinagar till the end of the hot season to supervise the conduct of European visitors to Kashmir. As this arrangement is also for the benefit of High Highness, it is hoped that it will be gladly accepted by High Highness.

Governor-General to Gulab Singh. September 26, 1873

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(Extract) In view of the important position of Your Highness's territories on the north-western frontiers of British India, the increasing importance attached to political affairs in Central Asia, the necessity of obtaining early and reliable information of all that takes place