Richmond

By Keshia A. Case

In addition to being the state capital, Richmond, Virginia, was also the capital of the South during the Civil War. Today Richmond is a vibrant city that embraces its historical past while looking toward future developments.

After Reconstruction, businesses developed, and the warehouse district - Shockoe Bottom - was rebuilt, boosting Richmond's economic growth. Then & Now: Richmond uses late-19th-century photographs of Richmond neighborhoods, churches, businesses, and schools, contrasting these historic photographs with contemporary views of the same Richmond sites such as St. John's Church, the Capitol, Broad Street, Main Street, and the Old Stone House. Then & Now: Richmond takes a step back in time and compares the glory of the past with the progress of the future.

• Language: English
• Publisher: Arcadia Publishing
• Release date: May 24, 2006
• ISBN: 9781439633427

Keshia A. Case

Author Keshia A. Case, founder of About Town Tours, LLC, guides groups through the historic areas of Richmond. Case earned a master's degree in art history with an emphasis on architectural history from Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU). The author has gathered historical facts working in several of the local museums. With the assistance of VCU Libraries' Special Collections and Archives, Case has assembled a fantastic journey of vintage images for natives and visitors to gain an appreciation of Richmond's magnificent history.

Book preview

possible.

INTRODUCTION

Richmond, the capital of the Commonwealth of Virginia, has a rich history that dates back to the early 17th century when Thomas Stegg Jr. acquired 1,800 acres on the southside of the James River. Stegg died childless and therefore left his land to his nephew William Byrd in 1671. William Byrd’s first son, William II, was born in Virginia in 1674. The younger Byrd noted that the view from the hills overlooking the James River reminded him of the Thames River in Richmond, England. This comparison provided the city with its name.

William Byrd II built the plantation home of Westover between the falls of the James River and Jamestown. For many years, he resisted using his land to build a town. However, in 1733, Byrd along with Maj. John Mayo laid out the lots for Richmond and Petersburg. A plot was donated for the building of St. John’s Church in 1741. The neighborhood surrounding the church was named Church Hill. Byrd’s remaining plots were advertised in the Virginia Gazette for £7 each with the provision that a house be built on the property within three years. One of the first land owners was Jacob Ege, who purchased land on Main Street. In 1739, Ege built what is today known as the Old Stone House, home to the Edgar Allan Poe Museum.

Richmond played an important role in the nation’s war for independence and in the Civil War, serving as the capital for the Confederate States of America. In 1862, the Seven Days’ Battle was fought in the farm lands of Richmond on Malvern Hill. In 1864, Fort Harrison, located about 10 miles from the city of Richmond, was captured by Union troops. On April 2, 1865, Jefferson Davis received news that Lee could not hold the defense at Petersburg. Richmond was ordered to evacuate, and the city was set on fire. Most of Main Street was destroyed that night, and the war was lost by the South. In the 1870s to 1880s, Richmond would enter a period of reconstruction.

After Reconstruction, Richmond’s location along the James River and its close proximity to the North helped spur an economic revival. The city became the center for the export of tobacco and cotton as well as a port for English ships looking to trade goods. The Seventeenth Street Market, Richmond’s shopping center of the past, was created as a result of the growth of commerce, providing vendors with a space to sell food, textiles, and household goods. However, the introduction of rail travel ended the use of the river. Trains were faster, cheaper, and provided a method of transporting goods to growing middle America. Richmond continued to prosper because of the new clientele and greater economic distribution provided by the railway system. By the 1890s, Richmond’s growing economy prompted the development of new neighborhoods and new buildings, epitomized by the grandeur of Monument Avenue, giving it a prominent place in what was then called the New South.

From the 1870s to 1890s, Richmond was a city of growth. Neighborhoods, parks, and public buildings were being constructed to meet the needs of the city. The philanthropic efforts of Maj. Lewis Ginter had a great impact on Richmond at this time, and he personally funded the construction of several of the buildings mentioned in this book. The Richmond suburb to the north, Barton Heights, was made possible with the advent of the streetcar line. The use of the horse and carriage was on the verge of being obsolete with cars coming on the market in the 1900s. Early-19th-century buildings like Richmond’s first City Hall and the first Henrico County Court House were demolished and rebuilt in a style and manner to fit the times. For recreational amusement, the public sought the