Captured Planet

By Dino Fotinidis

Captured Planet is an unusual and intriguing theory on the origin of the earth. The author’s theory, first developed in 2003, was recently substantiated through an article published by NASA in June 2011 that examined the implications of their findings on samples taken from their 2004 Genesis mission:
"We found that Earth, the moon, as well as Martian and other meteorites which are samples of asteroids, have a lower concentration of the O-16 than does the sun," said Kevin McKeegan, a Genesis co-investigator from UCLA, and the lead author of one of two Science papers published this week. "The implication is that we did not form out of the same solar nebula materials that created the sun – just how and why remains to be discovered." (Excerpt from the article ‘NASA Mission Suggests Sun and Planets Constructed Differently’ published on the NASA website 23 June 2011.)
It now appears more than likely that our planet indeed did not originate from the solar system we live in, but is an intruder from another solar system altogether and was captured by our sun’s gravitational field! That premise is the substance of this book, which raises and answers a number of grand questions:
•If our earth did not start its life here, where did it come from?
•Our earth’s fractured tectonic plates – what caused them?
•Why did the earth experience a total Ice Age? What caused it, and what caused it to cease?
•Why are there spin anomalies among the planets in our Solar System?
•Why does the ocean have such varying depths?
These and many other questions that have had scientists scratching their heads in perplexity are ingeniously answered through the extra-solar theory that is convincingly argued and concluded by the author of Captured Planet.

• Language: English
• Publisher: Truth House Publishing
• Release date: Apr 1, 2012
• ISBN: 9780987023988

Book preview

captured planet

Dino Fotinidis

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Copyright © 2008 – 2011, Truth House Publishing

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Cataloguing data:

Fotinidis, Dino

Captured Planet

Non-fiction/Science

ISBN 9870987023988

Published

by

TRUTH HOUSE PUBLISHING

Johannesburg

South Africa

Email: [e-mail]

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Dedication

To my Maker and my wife…

the support and backbone of my life

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Acknowledgements

May the BBC, National Geographic, and Discovery channels live forever! We eagerly await your next informative broadcasts.

To Ian Ridpath, the Oxford University Press and all the contributing scientists – the Oxford Dictionary of Astronomy was probably my best reading investment. Never have so many…owed so much…to so few…who made so much…so readily available...to so many!

I greatly appreciate NASA’s web site and encourage all people to check it out. It continually offers updated astronomical news and daily pictures filled with the breathtaking wonders of our Universe. May their every mission bring them astronomical success beyond all their expectations!

May discerning scientists like Dr Flandern live forever!

Warmest greetings to all who labour at ‘Answers in Genesis.’ The information conveyed by your picture truly anchored my thought processes. May you continue to live forever!

Nic Akritidis, for our numerous astronomical and astrophotographic adventures!

Peter Fisher, a most endearing colleague and friend, it was your sterling support that started me off in the right direction!

Shaun de Villiers, your technical sources were invaluable, yet most of all, I greatly appreciate your assionate and generous spirit!

My dearest friend, Steyn Van Zyl – thanks for your love, input and eternal support!

Alaythea Hamlyn, in fond memory of your friendship, astute input, many late nights and volumes of email – may our professional partnership live forever!

My baby…what more can I say? Perhaps…Eccl. 11:1 & 3

Finally, to our Maker…The Great Physicist, Chemist, Geologist, Engineer, Biologist and the Supreme Artist of our Universe! As Your perfectly timed input was of your own doing, I prayerfully request that you may complete what You have begun!

Along with our splendid planet, we lonely and stranded earthly citizens know we are here today and gone tomorrow…but we have heard that in You we may live forever?

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Table of Contents

Foreword

Introduction

Chapter 1. The Snowball Theory

Ice Caps in the Desert!

Origin of Drop-stones

Escaping the Runaway Freeze

Biological Implications

Some Pertinent Questions

Chapter 2. The Standard Model of the Big Bang

The Big Bang Theory

A Great Star Factory...

...Becomes a Great Galaxy Factory

The Milky Way Galaxy

Chapter 3. The Solar Cloud Model

Formation of the Sun

Formation of the Planets

Difficulties with the Nebular and Tidal Theories

a. Matters of Retrograde Motion

b. Planet Size Distribution

c. Pluto’s Eccentric Orbit

d. Geological Differences between the Planets

Chapter 4. Difficulties with the Theory of Earth’s Formation

Chapter 5. Stellar Properties

Stellar Classification

Stellar Perturbations

The Stellar Core

Cosmic Dust

Formation of Red Stars

Chapter 6. The Extra-Solar Theory

Formation of the Earth

Bearth Pangs

First Light

In the Heat of the Sun

Ahoy…Land in Sight!

Chapter 7. Partial Ice Ages

Introduction

Sequential Partial Ice Ages

Planetary Orbits

Chapter 8. Extra-Solar Candidates

Hyperbolic and Periodic Comets

Cometary Interaction with Planetary Bodies

The Retrograde Argument

Chapter 9. Solar System Formations

Formation of the Asteroid Belt

Formation of the Earth-Moon System

Formation of the Near-Earth Asteroids

Formation of the Kuiper Belt

Chapter 10. The Extra-Solar Core Hypothesis

Introduction

Collision on the Highway!

Off-centre Magnetic Fields

Black Bruises!

The Presence of the Kuiper Belt

The Anomalous Orbital Distance of Neptune

After the Entry of the Gas Giants…

…bring on the Terrestrial Planets!

Chapter 11. Candidate Parent Star

General Summary

In Closing

Appendix I

Appendix II

Appendix III

Appendix IV

Glossary of Terms

Index

References

Acknowledgements

About the Author

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Foreword

As I lay on my recliner, I was suddenly jolted!

The BBC World television channel had just announced that, the following Sunday, a new theory called the Snowball Theory was to be aired on our international satellite network. When the narrator stated that the theory concerned the prehistoric state of the Earth, I jumped up and pressed the info button on my remote control. The documentary summary displayed the following:

‘Snowball: There is a controversial theory that, for millions of years, the earth was entirely smothered in ice up to 1km thick, but the problem is that the geological clues and this theory defy the laws of nature.’

I was beside myself, to say the least! Seven years prior to this I had formulated an Extra-Solar theory that predicted the above discovery, one that could fully account for the theory’s apparent defiance of the laws of nature.

The following Sunday, the 26th of October 2003, I watched the BBC’s hour-long ‘Horizon’ documentary. The Snowball Theory as aired by the BBC was the first official scientific report in support of Extra-solar theory. At the end of the program the jury was still out on whether the Earth would ever again fall into such a severe state of ice-freeze. As I had not previously heard even the remotest echo of a Snowball Earth, I was surprised to learn that the theory concerning a Snowball Earth had already begun to surface in the 1950s.

The Snowball Theory as aired by the BBC was the first official scientific report in support of the Extra-Solar theory I had formulated. The theory was unique in that it both supported and explained the numerous controversial claims of the Snowball Theory, and could also fully account for the formation and demise of numerous Ice Ages in Earth’s history! It also offered its own unique cosmological claims with regard to Earth’s origins, supported by interplanetary and geological data, and required only official endorsement by other professional scientists. In this publication we hope to inform and intrigue the public, and provoke the scientific community to further research, with regard to one of the most enduring puzzles in science: The formation of the Earth and its place within our Solar System.

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Introduction

Snowball Theory seems to contradict all known theories of the formation of our Solar System. Scientists struggle to explain how the Earth’s surface could have frozen to such a degree that latitudes on or near the equator shared the same freezing fate as the poles.

It is the purpose of this book to demonstrate that the existence of a Snowball Earth can only be accounted for if the earth originated from outside our solar system. We will show how an Extra-Solar theory resolves most of the difficulties in Earth origin theory. We will also show how Extra-Solar theory can account for the unique geological properties of the Earth in comparison to the other planets of our Solar System and demonstrate how these properties can be explained in terms of Earth’s origin and mechanism of formation.

Other significant questions that will be addressed are:

*What were the conditions that led to complete ice cover during the Earth’s Snowball period? During this discussion the term ‘complete Ice Age’ will be used to describe the Snowball condition.

*Why and how could numerous partial Ice Ages have also formed on the Earth? (We will use the term ‘partial Ice Age’ to define the more commonly known periods in Earth’s history in which only a limited amount of ice-snow covered extremely large areas around the north and south Polar Regions.)

*How did numerous partial Ice Ages form subsequent to the complete Ice Age of the Snowball period?

*Why and how did these huge volumes of ice melt during both the complete and partial Ice Ages to give way to the current more hospitable climatic conditions for life on Earth?

*What caused the complete Ice Age? Can an Extra-Solar theory reveal whether our planet will ever experience another Ice Age?

*What is the reason for the curious formation of the Earth-Moon System, the Main Asteroid and Kuiper Belts?

*What is the reason for the Earth’s unique combination of properties – its high magnetic field strength and the high thermal temperatures in its core and outer mantle?

*Why are some of the planets in our Solar System uniquely mostly composed of a mixture of gaseous materials similar to that of the Sun?

In solving the problem of the formation of the Solar System in its entirety we can also account for the unique orbital tilt of Uranus!

Standard Models of Formation

The most widely accepted theory for the creation and formation of our Universe is that of the Big Bang. The current theory on the formation of our Sun and its Solar System is the Solar Cloud Model. Both theories have emerged from accumulated mathematical and experimental knowledge within the fields of Cosmology, Physics, Chemistry and Geology. However there are aspects of the Solar Cloud Model, unknown to the general public, that do not conform to experimental data. These shortcomings and inadequacies within the Solar Cloud Model have remained partly or wholly unsolved and unchallenged by the scientific community to date. In fact, the Solar Cloud Model’s account of the formation of the Earth and its place within the Solar System probably produces as many questions as answers!

Extra-Solar Theory

One day in 1996 while meditating upon the Hebrew Scriptures, I had an insight that seemed to provide a solution to the anomalies found within the Solar Cloud Model. This insight provided the beginnings of a theory that shed a great deal of light on the questions surrounding the formation of our previously molten planet, its history of Ice Age periods, and the sequence of events that led to the formation of the Earth-Moon System, the Main Asteroid Belt and the Kuiper Belt. I called it the ‘Extra-Solar’ theory because of its fundamental premise that the Earth was not formed within the Solar System, but had entered our Solar System from beyond, and was then gravitationally captured by the Sun.

The scriptures I read revealed a profound cosmological link! It was clear that the content and precise sequence of ten passages of scripture contained profound scientific merit. In the context of modern scientific knowledge the verses described a scientifically logical sequence of plausible cosmological events, each of which could easily be accounted for in terms of an extra-solar scenario!

The scriptures indirectly infer that, soon after its formation, the partly molten Earth and its hot atmosphere began to cool down until the Earth’s aqueous surface and gaseous atmosphere froze solid. The direct implication is that the Earth, totally surrounded by water and with no sign of land, had trekked through the dark and cold reaches of outer space towards our Solar System. On arrival at the outer limits of the Solar System, the Earth was captured by the Sun’s gravitational influence. Once the Sun’s warm rays illuminated the surface, its surface gradually began to warm up again. The sublimation of the Earth’s frozen atmospheric gases and the melting of the frozen oceans revealed a non-uniform, volcanic and ice-perturbed landmass above and below the sea level!

The obvious conclusion from the above scenario is that the Earth must have emanated from, and fully formed around, a star other than the Sun; only subsequent to this did it enter the Solar System!

It is clear that, if evidence can be found to support it, Extra-Solar Theory could represent a significant scientific breakthrough with regard to the Earth’s origins. The BBC’s ‘Horizon’ program, aired that Sunday in October of 2003, lent considerable weight to an Extra-Solar theory.

In this book, the reader will see how Extra-Solar theory, concealed in the scriptures for millennia, predicts both the formation and the melting of the Snowball Earth, and the numerous partial Ice Ages that are evident in the history of our planet. It will also shed light on some of the mysteries within modern cosmological theory, which has been formulated on the basis of sometimes inexplicable, yet indisputable, geological evidence.

Dear readers, lay and professional, please accompany me on an intriguing journey of discovery…

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CHAPTER 1

The Snowball Theory

One of the main tasks of Science is for scientists to try to make sense of all experimental and observational data. The Solar Cloud Model was therefore developed in an attempt to explain the formation of our Solar System. Nevertheless, the very solutions postulated by the Solar Cloud Model raise other questions that need to be addressed.

In this book we will see how an Extra-Solar theory, which places the Snowball Earth in a bigger picture, easily and most elegantly addresses and answers a number of unsatisfactorily answered questions. We will see that the earth’s originating from a star outside of our