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    Type Typographic Technical Series for Apprentices #1
    Type Typographic Technical Series for Apprentices #1
    Type Typographic Technical Series for Apprentices #1
    Ebook111 pages57 minutes

    Type Typographic Technical Series for Apprentices #1

    By A. A. Stewart

    ()

    Read preview
    LanguageEnglish
    PublisherArchive Classics
    Release dateNov 27, 2013
    Type Typographic Technical Series for Apprentices #1

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      Book preview

      Type Typographic Technical Series for Apprentices #1 - A. A. Stewart

      The Project Gutenberg EBook of Type, by A. A. Stewart

      This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with

      almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or

      re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included

      with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.net

      Title: Type

      Typographic Technical Series for Apprentices #1

      Author: A. A. Stewart

      Release Date: June 10, 2011 [EBook #36372]

      Language: English

      *** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK TYPE ***

      Produced by Barbara Tozier, Bill Tozier, David Garcia and

      the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at

      http://www.pgdp.net

      TYPOGRAPHIC TECHNICAL SERIES FOR APPRENTICES—PART I. NO. 1

      TYPE

      A PRIMER of INFORMATION ABOUT THE

      MECHANICAL FEATURES OF PRINTING

      TYPES: THEIR SIZES, FONT SCHEMES, &c.

      WITH A BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF

      THEIR MANUFACTURE

      COMPILED BY

      A. A. STEWART

      PUBLISHED BY THE COMMITTEE ON EDUCATION

      UNITED TYPOTHETAE OF AMERICA

      1918

      Copyright, 1918

      United Typothetae of America

      Chicago, Ill.

      Composition by

      Pupils in the Typothetae School of Printing

      North End Union, Boston

      PREFACE

      This treatise is the first of a series of text-books, published under the general title of Typographic Technical Series for Apprentices, which have been prepared under the auspices of the Committee on Education of the United Typothetae of America, for the use of printers’ apprentices and students of typographic printing.

      As will be noted by the table of contents, only the mechanical features of type and the usual methods of its manufacture have been considered here. No attempt has been made to review the history of type-faces or the development of type-making processes. These phases of the subject are considered in other publications of the series (see p. 36) and in supplementary reading recommended for students (p. 28).

      It is not what they are but what they can be made to do under the control of trained intelligence and skilful hands that makes printer’s types of importance to the world. No tools used in modern industry seem simpler than these little pieces of metal, yet they are the product of the most highly specialized skill and ingeniously perfected mechanisms. To the young printer their physical elements are matters of first concern. An understanding of these elements may be only a small part of his trade education, but it is important. The possibilities and the limitations of type can be appreciated only by thorough familiarity with the technical details and niceties provided by the modern typefounder.

      A special feature of this series of technical publications is the list of Review Questions, which will be found at the end of each treatise (see pp. 29-31). These questions cover the essential points in each subject and will be of assistance to instructors, for examinations, etc. A list of the other titles of the series, as well as a statement of their plan and scope, will be found on pp. i-vii of this publication.

      CONTENTS

      MECHANICAL FEATURES OF TYPE

      Printing owes its development first and chiefly to movable metal types. The so-called invention of printing was the discovery of a method of making serviceable type in quantity. The idea of a separate type for each letter of the alphabet was probably conceived long before Gutenberg’s time, but it remained for him and his associates to devise an apparatus for making them quickly and accurately enough to be of practical value. That apparatus was the type mold, which experience has since proved to be the most efficient means of securing exactness and uniformity in a number of small pieces of metal.

      Type is made of an alloy of lead, tin, and antimony. Its length (technically called height-to-paper) is .918 of an inch. Each type is cast separately in a mold, and has the letter or printing character in bold relief on one end.

      Exact uniformity of body is necessary in order that the types, when composed in lines and pages, may be locked together by pressure at the sides so as to make a compact mass. All types in a printing form must be of the same height, so that their faces may present a uniformly level surface from which an impression may be made that will show all the characters clearly. A short type will print faintly or will not print at all, while a long one will be unduly forced into the sheet.

      There are on an average about one hundred and fifty roman letters and other characters required in ordinary book printing. These

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